汽车传动系激励转矩波动估计与扭振性能调校
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摘要
为研究发动机激励转矩波动系数在汽车不同行驶工况下的变化规律,并分析传动系主要参数对系统扭振响应的影响程度,本文中首先建立传动系简化的集中质量模型和整车纵向动力学模型;其次对实测扭振数据进行阶次分析,以确定传动系的主要转矩激励阶次;然后以各挡WOT工况实测和仿真加速时间平方误差最小化为目标,引入两种智能算法对各挡下的激励转矩波动系数进行估计,并对比了两种方法参数估计过程的收敛曲线;最后以时域平均转速波动量为评价指标,分析了各主要参数对扭振的调校作用。结果表明:在试验测试转速内,随着转速和负荷增大,发动机激励转矩波动系数减小,说明发动机运行越趋平稳;适当减小离合器刚度、增大离合器阻尼、增大半轴刚度与阻尼和增大飞轮转动惯量都有利于减小传动系统的扭振,从而提高整车的舒适性。
This paper is to study the variation law of engine excitation torque fluctuation coefficient under different driving conditions of the vehicle, and analyze the influence of the key parameters of the transmission system on torsional vibration of the system. Firstly, a simplified lumped mass model of the transmission system and a longitudinal dynamic model of the vehicle are established. Then, the order analysis of the measured torsional vibration data is conducted to determine the main torque excitation order of the transmission system. Furthermore, two intelligent algorithms are introduced to estimate the excitation torque fluctuation coefficient under each gear with the aim to minimize the acceleration time squared error between the measured and simulated values of each WOT condition, and the convergence curves of the two intelligent parameter estimation methods are compared. Finally, with the time domain average speed fluctuation as the evaluation index, the adjustment effect of each main parameter on the torsional vibration is analyzed. The results show that within the test speed, the engine excitation torque fluctuation coefficient decreases with the increase of the speed and load, indicting that the engine runs more smoothly. The conclusion is drawn that proper reduction of clutch stiffness, increase of clutch damping, increase of half-shaft stiffness and damping, increase of flywheel inertia are beneficial to reduce the torsional vibration of the transmission system, thus improving the comfort of the vehicle.
This paper is to study the variation law of engine excitation torque fluctuation coefficient under different driving conditions of the vehicle, and analyze the influence of the key parameters of the transmission system on torsional vibration of the system. Firstly, a simplified lumped mass model of the transmission system and a longitudinal dynamic model of the vehicle are established. Then, the order analysis of the measured torsional vibration data is conducted to determine the main torque excitation order of the transmission system. Furthermore, two intelligent algorithms are introduced to estimate the excitation torque fluctuation coefficient under each gear with the aim to minimize the acceleration time squared error between the measured and simulated values of each WOT condition, and the convergence curves of the two intelligent parameter estimation methods are compared. Finally, with the time domain average speed fluctuation as the evaluation index, the adjustment effect of each main parameter on the torsional vibration is analyzed. The results show that within the test speed, the engine excitation torque fluctuation coefficient decreases with the increase of the speed and load, indicting that the engine runs more smoothly. The conclusion is drawn that proper reduction of clutch stiffness, increase of clutch damping, increase of half-shaft stiffness and damping, increase of flywheel inertia are beneficial to reduce the torsional vibration of the transmission system, thus improving the comfort of the vehicle.
引文
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[2] 高炳钊,洪金龙,陈虹.汽车传动系统平顺性驾驶品质控制[J].控制理论与应用,2017,34(7):849-866.
[3] COUDERC P,CALLENAERE J.Vehicle driveline dynamic behaviour:experimentation and simulation[J].Journal of Sound & Vibration,1998,218(1):133-157.
[4] FARSHIDIANFAR A,EBRAHIMI M,BARTLETT H.Hybrid modelling and simulation of the torsional vibration of vehicle driveline systems[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part D:Journal of Automobile Engineering,2003,215(2):217-229.
[5] FARSHIDIANFAR A,EBRAHIMI M,BARTLETT H,et al.Driveline shuffle in rear wheel vehicles[J].International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems,2002,9(1):76-91.
[6] BARTRAM M,MAVROS G,BIGGS S.A study on the effect of road friction on driveline vibrations[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part K:Journal of Multi-body Dynamics,2010,224(4):321-340.
[7] FARSHIDIANFAR A,EBRAHIMI M,RAH-NEJAT H,et al.Optimization of the high-frequency torsional vibration of vehicle driveline systems using genetic algorithms[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part K:Journal of Multi-body Dynamics,2002,216(3):249-262.
[8] GKINIS T,RAHMANI R,RAHNEJAT H.Effect of clutch lining frictional characteristics on take-up judder[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part K:Journal of Multi-body Dynamics,2017,31(3):493-503.
[9] 徐红亮,龚宪生,廉超,等.新型汽车扭振减振器扭振特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(6):29-32.
[10] 李亚南,郝志勇,郑旭,等.基于解决发动机加速异响问题的TVD分析优化[J].振动与冲击,2018,37(6):86-91.
[11] YANG X S.Firefly algorithms for multimodal optimization[J].Mathematics,2012,5792:169-178.
[12] YANG X S,HE X.Firefly algorithm:recent advances and applications[J].International Journal of Swarm Intelligence,2013,1(1):36-50.
[13] FISTER I,JR I F,YANG X S,et al.A comprehensive review of firefly algorithms[J].Swarm & Evolutionary Computation,2013,13:34-46.
[14] GARCIAGONZALO E,FERNANDEZLUNA J,MARTINEZ J A.A brief historical review of particle swarm optimization (PSO)[J].Journal of Bioinformatics & Intelligent Control,2012,1(1):3-16.
[15] KENNEDY J.Particle swarm optimization[C].Proc.of 1995 IEEE Int.Conf.Neural Networks,Perth,Australia,Nov.27-1995.
[16] EBERHART R C,SHI Y.Particle swarm optimization:developments,applications and resources[C].Congress on Evolutionary Computation.IEEE,2001.