不同时期淹水对棉花主要养分代谢及产量的影响
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摘要
以K836为材料,在盛蕾期、盛花期和盛铃期分别淹水10 d,研究了淹水对棉花氮、磷、钾养分代谢及产量的影响。结果表明,不同时期淹水均显著降低棉花氮、磷、钾养分积累量,盛蕾期、盛花期和盛铃期淹水后成熟棉株的氮、磷、钾养分积累量较不淹水的对照(CK)分别减少55.3%、42.5%和44.1%。氮、磷、钾养分在各器官分配也受淹水的影响,其中分配给根的比例较CK高,分配给棉铃比例较CK低。成熟期棉株干物质积累量和籽棉产量显著降低,蕾期淹水所受影响最大,棉株干物质质量较CK降低46.9%,籽棉产量减少50.8%。淹水胁迫后各器官氮磷钾养分积累减少,影响了地上部光合和营养生理过程,削弱了植株光合生产,导致减产。
引文
[1]杨富强,杨长琴,刘瑞显,等.不同生育期渍水对棉花恢复生长及产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(12):108-110.
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[5]宋学贞,杨国正,罗振,等.花铃期淹水对棉花生长、生理和产量的影响[J].中国棉花,2012,39(9):5-8.
[6]梁哲军,陶洪斌,赵海祯,等.苗期土壤渍水对棉花恢复生长及光合生理的影响[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(9):1830-1836.
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[14]任佰朝,张吉旺,李霞,等.大田淹水对高产夏玉米抗倒伏性能的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(12):2440-2448.
[15]周苏玫,王晨阳,贺德先.土壤渍水对冬小麦根系生长及营养代谢的影响[J].作物学报,2001,7(5):674-679.
[16]Tan W,Liu J,Dai T,et al.Alterations in photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity in winter wheat subjected to post-anthesis waterlogging[J].Photosynthetica,2008,46(1):21-27.
[17]常江,李金才.渍水对小麦氮磷钾营养效应的研究[J].土壤学报,1999,36(3):423-427.
[18]戴廷波,赵辉,荆奇,等.灌浆期高温和水分逆境对冬小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉含量的影响[J].生态学报,2006(11):3670-3676.
[19]范雪梅,姜东,戴廷波,等.花后干旱和渍水下氮素供应对小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉积聚关键调控酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(6):1132-1141.
[20]魏凤珍,李金才,尹钧,等.不同生育时期根际土壤渍水逆境对冬小麦N、P、K素营养的影响[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(3):162-165.
[21]魏凤珍,李金才,李磊,等.土壤渍水对孕穗期冬小麦氮磷钾营养的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(6):556-560.
[22]谢家琦,李金才,魏凤珍.花后渍水逆境对冬小麦产量及氮磷钾营养状况的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):425-429.
[23]任佰朝,张吉旺,李霞,等.大田淹水对夏玉米养分吸收与转运的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):98-308.
[24]胡继超,曹卫星,姜东,等.小麦水分胁迫影响因子的定量研究I.干旱和渍水胁迫对光合、蒸腾及干物质积累与分配的影响[J].作物学报,2004,3(4):315-320.
[2]Bange M P,Milroy S P,Thongbai P.Growth and yield of cotton in response to waterlogging[J].Field Crops Research,2004,8(2/3):129-142.
[3]张文英,朱建强,欧光华,等.花铃期涝渍胁迫对棉花农艺性状、经济性状的影响[J].中国棉花,2001,28(9):14-16.
[4]Zhang Y J,Song X Z,Yang G Z,et al.Physiological and molecular adjustment of cotton to waterlogging at peak-flowering in relation to growth and yield[J].Field Crops Research,2015,179:164-172.
[5]宋学贞,杨国正,罗振,等.花铃期淹水对棉花生长、生理和产量的影响[J].中国棉花,2012,39(9):5-8.
[6]梁哲军,陶洪斌,赵海祯,等.苗期土壤渍水对棉花恢复生长及光合生理的影响[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(9):1830-1836.
[7]Zhang Y J,Chen Y Z,Lu H Q,et al.Growth,lint yield and changes in physiological attributes of cotton under temporal waterlogging[J].Field Crops Research,2016,194:83-93.
[8]宋学贞.硝普钠缓解棉花花铃期淹水伤害的效应研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[9]李乐农,彭克勤,孙福增,等.洪涝对棉花产量及其品质的影响[J].作物学报,1999,25(1):109-115.
[10]朱建强,欧光华,张文英,等.涝渍相随对棉花产量与品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(9):1050-1056.
[11]Hodgson A S,Chan K Y.The effect of short term waterlogging during furrow irrigation of cotton in a cracking grey clay[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1982,33:109-116.
[12]Milroy S P,Bange M P,Thongbai P.Cotton leaf nutrient concentrations in response to waterlogging under field conditions[J].Field Crops Research,2009,113:246-255.
[13]石岩,林琪,李素美,等.土壤水分胁迫对小麦养分分配及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1998,4(1):50-56.
[14]任佰朝,张吉旺,李霞,等.大田淹水对高产夏玉米抗倒伏性能的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(12):2440-2448.
[15]周苏玫,王晨阳,贺德先.土壤渍水对冬小麦根系生长及营养代谢的影响[J].作物学报,2001,7(5):674-679.
[16]Tan W,Liu J,Dai T,et al.Alterations in photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity in winter wheat subjected to post-anthesis waterlogging[J].Photosynthetica,2008,46(1):21-27.
[17]常江,李金才.渍水对小麦氮磷钾营养效应的研究[J].土壤学报,1999,36(3):423-427.
[18]戴廷波,赵辉,荆奇,等.灌浆期高温和水分逆境对冬小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉含量的影响[J].生态学报,2006(11):3670-3676.
[19]范雪梅,姜东,戴廷波,等.花后干旱和渍水下氮素供应对小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉积聚关键调控酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(6):1132-1141.
[20]魏凤珍,李金才,尹钧,等.不同生育时期根际土壤渍水逆境对冬小麦N、P、K素营养的影响[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(3):162-165.
[21]魏凤珍,李金才,李磊,等.土壤渍水对孕穗期冬小麦氮磷钾营养的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(6):556-560.
[22]谢家琦,李金才,魏凤珍.花后渍水逆境对冬小麦产量及氮磷钾营养状况的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):425-429.
[23]任佰朝,张吉旺,李霞,等.大田淹水对夏玉米养分吸收与转运的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):98-308.
[24]胡继超,曹卫星,姜东,等.小麦水分胁迫影响因子的定量研究I.干旱和渍水胁迫对光合、蒸腾及干物质积累与分配的影响[J].作物学报,2004,3(4):315-320.