常山县2015年居民高血压患病现状及其危险因素研究
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摘要
目的了解常山县18岁以上居民高血压的患病现状及其相关危险因素,同时为政府部门制定高血压的预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法运用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,随机抽取14个乡镇18岁以上且居住满6个月以上的居民作为调查对象,共对2 064人进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检测,应用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果常山县18岁以上居民的高血压粗患病率为29.65%,标化患病率为27.15%,高血压的患病率随着年龄增高呈现上升趋势(χ2=343.54,P<0.05)。高龄、高血压家族遗传史、高BMI值、高血糖以及高血脂是高血压的危险因素,其OR值及95%CI分别为1.083(1.071~1.096)、3.354(2.485~4.526)、5.090(2.944~8.801)、1.716(1.167~2.520)和1.612(1.255~2.070)。结论常山县18岁以上人群高血压的患病率较高,需重点针对高血压危险因素,在全社会开展健康教育和健康促进,干预和纠正人们的不良行为,以遏制农村高血压流行的快速增长趋势。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and the related risk factors of hypertension among residents aged above 18 years in Changshan and provide scientific basis for strategies of prevention and control of hypertension for the government departments. Methods Two thousand and sixty-four residents aged above 18 and living in local areas for more than 6 months from fourteen towns were selected to conduct a inquiry including questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test by using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS18. 0. Results The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 29. 65% and the standardized one was 27. 15%,which increased with age( χ2= 343.54,P < 0. 05). Advanced age,family history of hypertension,high BMI,hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were the main risk factors of hypertension,the OR values were 1. 083( 1. 071 ~ 1. 096),3. 354( 2. 485 ~ 4. 526),5. 090( 2. 944 ~ 8. 801),1. 716( 1. 167 ~2. 520) and1. 612( 1. 255 ~ 2. 070),respectively. Conclusion The hypertension's prevalence among residents aged above 18 years in Changshan county is considerably high. Health education and health promotion regarding the risk factors for hypertension should be intensified among the residents,moreover,rational life style and other intervention measures should be reinforced so as to hold back the quick increasing trend of hypertension in rural area of Changshan.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and the related risk factors of hypertension among residents aged above 18 years in Changshan and provide scientific basis for strategies of prevention and control of hypertension for the government departments. Methods Two thousand and sixty-four residents aged above 18 and living in local areas for more than 6 months from fourteen towns were selected to conduct a inquiry including questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test by using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS18. 0. Results The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 29. 65% and the standardized one was 27. 15%,which increased with age( χ2= 343.54,P < 0. 05). Advanced age,family history of hypertension,high BMI,hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were the main risk factors of hypertension,the OR values were 1. 083( 1. 071 ~ 1. 096),3. 354( 2. 485 ~ 4. 526),5. 090( 2. 944 ~ 8. 801),1. 716( 1. 167 ~2. 520) and1. 612( 1. 255 ~ 2. 070),respectively. Conclusion The hypertension's prevalence among residents aged above 18 years in Changshan county is considerably high. Health education and health promotion regarding the risk factors for hypertension should be intensified among the residents,moreover,rational life style and other intervention measures should be reinforced so as to hold back the quick increasing trend of hypertension in rural area of Changshan.
引文
[1]刘利生.高血压[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.
[2]国际生命科学学会中国办事处中国肥胖问题工作组.中国成人体质指数分类的推荐意见简介[J].中华预防医学杂志,2001,35(5):349-350.
[3]王陇德.中国居民营养与健康状况调查报告之一:2002综合报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
[4]杨丽,俞蔚,徐小玲,等.高血压患病及相关因素的现况研究[J].浙江预防医学,2013,25(4):14-17.
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[7]肖静,杨梅,宗蕾,等.高血压健康危险因素的logistic回归和对数线性模型分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2012,20(4):372-374.
[8]Carmelli D,Crdon LR,Fabsitz R.Clustering of hypertension,diabetes,and obesity in adults male twins:same genes or same environments[J].Am J Hum Genet,1994,55(3):566-573.
[9]李晓娜,王德征.天津市北辰区老年人高血压现况及相关因素研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2011,19(6):565-567.
[10]陈海云,逢增昌.高血压患病现况和影响因素研究[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(7):1355-1356.
[11]刘文峰.2010年南岳镇农村居民肥胖与高血压的关联调查[J].实用预防医学,2011,18(7):1362-1363.
[12]Shen W,Punyanitya M,Chen J,et al.Waist circumference correlates with metabolic syndrome indicators better than percentage fat[J].Obesity(Silver Spring),2006,14(4):727-736.
[13]Wijkman M,Lanne T,Engvall J,et al.Masked nocturnal hypertension a novel marker of risk in type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetologia,2009,52(7):1258-1264.
[14]张文卿,许佐良,徐光炜.伴代谢综合征的高血压病患者不同糖耐量状态微量白蛋白尿变化/原发性高血压患者血浆内皮素与雄激素变化的临床意义[J].中华心血管病杂志,2004,32(S2):222-223.
[15]钱伟,钱志远,杨海珍,等.苏州地区2 052例老年高血压人群血脂、血尿酸水平分析[J].实用预防医学,2012,19(4):613-615.
[16]Hauner H.Insulin resistant and the metabolic syndrome-achallenge of the new millennium[J].Eur J Clin Nutr,2005,56(suppl 1):S25-S29.
[17]侯玉英,赵淑芳,饶华祥,等.山西省居民高血压患病情况及危险因素调查[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2007,15(4):306-308.
[18]朱匡纪,蔡祖华,楼妙芬,等.金华市婺城区农村成人居民高血压相关行为危险因素现况研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2005,19(3):51-53.
[19]傅益飞,彭云,沈惠平,等.上海市南汇区35~69岁农村居民高血压患病及相关危险因素分布现况研究[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(3):639-641.
[2]国际生命科学学会中国办事处中国肥胖问题工作组.中国成人体质指数分类的推荐意见简介[J].中华预防医学杂志,2001,35(5):349-350.
[3]王陇德.中国居民营养与健康状况调查报告之一:2002综合报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
[4]杨丽,俞蔚,徐小玲,等.高血压患病及相关因素的现况研究[J].浙江预防医学,2013,25(4):14-17.
[5]Degoma EM,Knowles JW,Angeli F,et al.The evolution and refinement of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease[J].Cardiol Rev,2012,20(3):118-129.
[6]Ko-Ko-Zaw,Tint-Swe-Latt,Phyu-Phyu-Aung,et al.Prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors in the adult population in Yangon Division,Myanmar[J].Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health,2011(23):496-506.
[7]肖静,杨梅,宗蕾,等.高血压健康危险因素的logistic回归和对数线性模型分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2012,20(4):372-374.
[8]Carmelli D,Crdon LR,Fabsitz R.Clustering of hypertension,diabetes,and obesity in adults male twins:same genes or same environments[J].Am J Hum Genet,1994,55(3):566-573.
[9]李晓娜,王德征.天津市北辰区老年人高血压现况及相关因素研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2011,19(6):565-567.
[10]陈海云,逢增昌.高血压患病现况和影响因素研究[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(7):1355-1356.
[11]刘文峰.2010年南岳镇农村居民肥胖与高血压的关联调查[J].实用预防医学,2011,18(7):1362-1363.
[12]Shen W,Punyanitya M,Chen J,et al.Waist circumference correlates with metabolic syndrome indicators better than percentage fat[J].Obesity(Silver Spring),2006,14(4):727-736.
[13]Wijkman M,Lanne T,Engvall J,et al.Masked nocturnal hypertension a novel marker of risk in type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetologia,2009,52(7):1258-1264.
[14]张文卿,许佐良,徐光炜.伴代谢综合征的高血压病患者不同糖耐量状态微量白蛋白尿变化/原发性高血压患者血浆内皮素与雄激素变化的临床意义[J].中华心血管病杂志,2004,32(S2):222-223.
[15]钱伟,钱志远,杨海珍,等.苏州地区2 052例老年高血压人群血脂、血尿酸水平分析[J].实用预防医学,2012,19(4):613-615.
[16]Hauner H.Insulin resistant and the metabolic syndrome-achallenge of the new millennium[J].Eur J Clin Nutr,2005,56(suppl 1):S25-S29.
[17]侯玉英,赵淑芳,饶华祥,等.山西省居民高血压患病情况及危险因素调查[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2007,15(4):306-308.
[18]朱匡纪,蔡祖华,楼妙芬,等.金华市婺城区农村成人居民高血压相关行为危险因素现况研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2005,19(3):51-53.
[19]傅益飞,彭云,沈惠平,等.上海市南汇区35~69岁农村居民高血压患病及相关危险因素分布现况研究[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(3):639-641.