不同时期叶面喷施萘乙酸对秋芝麻品种赣芝13号产量及种子质量的影响
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摘要
【目的】探讨苗期和花期叶面喷施萘乙酸(NAA)对秋芝麻产量及种子质量的影响,为秋芝麻高产栽培和种子繁育提供理论参考。【方法】以秋芝麻品种赣芝13号为试验材料,设叶面喷施清水(CK)及苗期(T1)、花期(T2)及苗期和花期重复喷施(T3)10 mg/L NAA溶液4个处理,成熟后测定上、中、下部蒴果的每蒴粒数及粒重等产量性状,并测定不同部位种子的发芽性状。【结果】不同时期叶面喷施NAA均能促使秋芝麻赣芝13号的株高和始蒴高度变高,空稍尖长度和果轴长度变长,单株蒴果数和每蒴粒数增加,但均与CK差异不显著(P>0.05,下同)。与CK相比,不同时期叶面喷施NAA后,T1、T2和T3处理的千粒重分别增加5.58%、5.15%和6.44%,单株产量分别增加8.76%、5.15%和16.24%,单位面积产量分别增加10.96%、10.97%和24.72%,差异均达显著水平(P<0.05,下同)。叶面喷施NAA还能显著增加赣芝13号植株上部蒴果的每蒴粒数和千粒重,显著提高上部蒴果种子的发芽率、苗高、根长和苗鲜重,提高种子质量,均以T3处理的效果较佳;但对中部和下部蒴果的相关性状影响不显著。【结论】叶面喷施NAA能显著提高赣芝13号的千粒重和单株产量,达到显著增产效果,苗期和花期重复喷施的作用效果优于苗期或花期单次喷施,其主要体现在显著提高上部蒴果的每蒴粒数和籽粒千粒重,使种子质量显著提高。
【Objective】This study was designed to explore the effects of foliar spraying naphthylacetic acid(NAA)on yield and seed quality of autumn sesame at the seedling stage and flowering stage,and provide theoretical reference for high-yield cultivation and seed breeding of autumn sesame.【Method】The field experiment took autumn sesame Ganzhi No.13 as the material and set four treatments including foliar spraying water as control(CK),spraying 10 mg/L NAA solution at the seedling stage(T1),flowering stage(T2),and both seedling and flowering stage(T3). The yield characteristics of mature plants,such as seeds per capsule and seed weight of the upper,central and lower part of plant were investigated.The germination characters of seeds from different parts were determined.【Result】Foliar spraying NAA at different periods could enhance the plant height and height from base to the first capsule of autumn sesame variety Ganzhi No.13,top length without capsule and length of capsule axis were longer,capsules per plant and seeds per capsule increased,but there was no significant difference compared with CK(P>0.05,the same below). Comparing with CK,after foliar spraying NAA at different periods,T1,T2 and T3 treatments increased the weight of 1000 seeds by 5.58%,5.15% and 6.44%,the yield per plant increased by 8.76%,5.15% and 16.24%,and the field yield per unit area increased by 10.96%,10.97% and 24.72%respectively. All of these differences reached significant level(P<0.05,the same below). Foliar spraying NAA could significantly increase the seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight of autumn sesame upper capsules,and significantly improve the germination rate,seedling height,root length and seedling fresh weight of seeds from upper capsule and improve the quality of seeds. T3 showed the optimal effects in the above mentioned aspects. However,the effects of foliar spraying NAA on the central and lower capsule were not significant.【Conclusion】Foliar spraying NAA can significantly improve the 1000-seed weight and yield per plant of autumn sesame variety Ganzhi No.13,achieve significant yield increase effect.Multiple spraying at seedling and flowering stage can achieve betters effects than single spraying at seedling and flowering stage. The effects are presented in significantly improving seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight of upper capsules,thus significantly enhance the seed quality.
【Objective】This study was designed to explore the effects of foliar spraying naphthylacetic acid(NAA)on yield and seed quality of autumn sesame at the seedling stage and flowering stage,and provide theoretical reference for high-yield cultivation and seed breeding of autumn sesame.【Method】The field experiment took autumn sesame Ganzhi No.13 as the material and set four treatments including foliar spraying water as control(CK),spraying 10 mg/L NAA solution at the seedling stage(T1),flowering stage(T2),and both seedling and flowering stage(T3). The yield characteristics of mature plants,such as seeds per capsule and seed weight of the upper,central and lower part of plant were investigated.The germination characters of seeds from different parts were determined.【Result】Foliar spraying NAA at different periods could enhance the plant height and height from base to the first capsule of autumn sesame variety Ganzhi No.13,top length without capsule and length of capsule axis were longer,capsules per plant and seeds per capsule increased,but there was no significant difference compared with CK(P>0.05,the same below). Comparing with CK,after foliar spraying NAA at different periods,T1,T2 and T3 treatments increased the weight of 1000 seeds by 5.58%,5.15% and 6.44%,the yield per plant increased by 8.76%,5.15% and 16.24%,and the field yield per unit area increased by 10.96%,10.97% and 24.72%respectively. All of these differences reached significant level(P<0.05,the same below). Foliar spraying NAA could significantly increase the seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight of autumn sesame upper capsules,and significantly improve the germination rate,seedling height,root length and seedling fresh weight of seeds from upper capsule and improve the quality of seeds. T3 showed the optimal effects in the above mentioned aspects. However,the effects of foliar spraying NAA on the central and lower capsule were not significant.【Conclusion】Foliar spraying NAA can significantly improve the 1000-seed weight and yield per plant of autumn sesame variety Ganzhi No.13,achieve significant yield increase effect.Multiple spraying at seedling and flowering stage can achieve betters effects than single spraying at seedling and flowering stage. The effects are presented in significantly improving seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight of upper capsules,thus significantly enhance the seed quality.
引文
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汪瑞清,肖运萍,魏林根,吕丰娟,杨爱萍.2015.不同施肥方式对红壤旱地芝麻农艺性状及产量的影响[J].南方农业学报,46(2):223-227.[Wang R Q,Xiao Y P,Wei LG,LüF J,Yang A P.2015.Effects of different fertilization modes on agronomic traits and yield of sesame in red soil dryland[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,46(2):223-227.]
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