不同基因型大豆磷镁养分互作效应初探
|
摘要
为了探究不同大豆基因型对磷和镁互作的响应,从而在养分缺乏条件下,指导磷和镁肥施用,提高大豆产量,通过盆栽试验,对磷高效大豆基因型HN89和磷低效大豆基因型HN112进行了高低磷(高磷500μmol/L,低磷25μmol/L KH_2PO_4)处理以及高低镁(高镁1 000μmol/L,低镁0μmol/L MgSO_4·7H_2O)处理,分析了大豆的生长情况和根系形态指标的变化,并且测定了植株对磷、镁、钾和钙的吸收情况。结果表明,磷是限制大豆生长的主要因素,增加磷的施用,能改善大豆的生长状况,增加生物量,磷处理显著影响大豆的地上部镁含量、钾含量和钙含量;而镁处理显著影响大豆对镁和钙的吸收,但对钾的吸收没有影响。同时,磷和镁处理对大豆镁吸收的影响存在显著的交互作用,低镁处理下,增加磷的供应只能够显著增加磷高效基因型植株体内镁含量,而在高镁处理下,增加磷的供应,无论磷高效还是磷低效大豆基因型的植株体内镁含量均显著增加。相关性分析结果表明,磷低效大豆HN112地上部镁含量与磷含量存在显著的正相关关系,表明磷能促进镁的吸收,磷镁存在互作;并且地上部的镁含量与钾和钙含量之间也只在磷低效大豆HN112中呈显著正相关关系,表明镁与磷、钾、钙的互作受大豆基因型的影响。因此,在农业生产中,选择适宜的大豆品种,并进行磷、镁肥的合理配合施用,更有利于大豆高产高效的栽培。
To explore the responses of different soybean genotypes to high and low phosphorus(P) and magnesium(Mg), for recommending application of P and Mg fertilizers to improve soybean yield, pot experiment was conducted to analyze soybean growth with P-Mg interaction by investigating the changes of root morphological traits, and the absorption of P, Mg, potassium(K) and calcium(Ca) was determined by plants using P-efficient soybean genotype HN89 and P-inefficient soybean genotype HN112 under high and low P(500 μmol/L and 25 μmol/L KH_2PO_4, respectively), and high and low Mg(1000 μmol/L and 0 μmol/L MgSO_4·7 H_2O, respectively) conditions. The results showed that P was the main limiting factor for soybean growth. Phosphorus application improved soybean growth and increased plant biomass. Phosphorus treatment significantly affected shoot Mg content, and K and Ca contents, while Mg treatment significantly affected absorption of Mg and Ca by soybean plants, but had no effect on K uptake. Meanwhile, P and Mg treatments had a significant interactive effect on Mg absorption. Phosphorus application could significantly increase Mg content only in the P-efficient soybean genotype under low Mg conditions, but, in both P-efficient and P-inefficient soybean genotypes under high Mg conditions. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between Mg content and P content only in the shoots of P-inefficient soybean HN112, indicating that P could promote Mg absorption, and there was an interaction between P and Mg. Meanwhile, there were significant positive correlations between Mg and K contents,and Mg and Ca contents in the shoots of P-inefficient soybean HN112. These results indicated that the interactions between Mg,and P,K,Ca were affected by soybean genotypes. Therefore,selection of suitable soybean varieties,and rationally combined application of P and Mg fertilizers will be more beneficial to cultivation of soybean with high yield and high efficiency in agricultural production.
To explore the responses of different soybean genotypes to high and low phosphorus(P) and magnesium(Mg), for recommending application of P and Mg fertilizers to improve soybean yield, pot experiment was conducted to analyze soybean growth with P-Mg interaction by investigating the changes of root morphological traits, and the absorption of P, Mg, potassium(K) and calcium(Ca) was determined by plants using P-efficient soybean genotype HN89 and P-inefficient soybean genotype HN112 under high and low P(500 μmol/L and 25 μmol/L KH_2PO_4, respectively), and high and low Mg(1000 μmol/L and 0 μmol/L MgSO_4·7 H_2O, respectively) conditions. The results showed that P was the main limiting factor for soybean growth. Phosphorus application improved soybean growth and increased plant biomass. Phosphorus treatment significantly affected shoot Mg content, and K and Ca contents, while Mg treatment significantly affected absorption of Mg and Ca by soybean plants, but had no effect on K uptake. Meanwhile, P and Mg treatments had a significant interactive effect on Mg absorption. Phosphorus application could significantly increase Mg content only in the P-efficient soybean genotype under low Mg conditions, but, in both P-efficient and P-inefficient soybean genotypes under high Mg conditions. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between Mg content and P content only in the shoots of P-inefficient soybean HN112, indicating that P could promote Mg absorption, and there was an interaction between P and Mg. Meanwhile, there were significant positive correlations between Mg and K contents,and Mg and Ca contents in the shoots of P-inefficient soybean HN112. These results indicated that the interactions between Mg,and P,K,Ca were affected by soybean genotypes. Therefore,selection of suitable soybean varieties,and rationally combined application of P and Mg fertilizers will be more beneficial to cultivation of soybean with high yield and high efficiency in agricultural production.
引文
[1] 林郑和,陈荣冰,郭少平,等.植物对缺磷的生理适应机制研究进展[J].作物杂志,2010(5):5-9.
[2] Wang X,Shen J,Liao H.Acquisition or utilization,which is more critical for enhancing phosphorus efficiency in modern crops?[J].Plant Sci,2010,179(4):302-306.
[3] Wang X,Yan X,Liao H,et al.Genetic improvement for phosphorus efficiency in soybean:a radical approach[J].Ann Bot,2010,106(1):215-222.
[4] Singh S K,Barnaby J Y,Reddy V R,et al.Varying response of the concentration and yield of soybean seed mineral elements,carbohydrates,organic acids,amino acids,protein,and oil to phosphorus starvation and CO2 enrichment[J].Front Plant Sci,2016,7(31):1 967-1 980.
[5] Marschner P.Mineral nutrition of higher plants[M].London:London Academic Press,2012:483-643.
[6] Cakmak I,Yazici A M.Magnesium:a forgotten element in crop production[J].Better Crops Plant,2010,94(2):23-25.
[7] Schneider G,Lindqvist Y,Br?ndén C I.RUBISCO:structure and mechanism[J].Annu Rev Biophys,1992,21(1):119-143.
[8] Verbruggen N,Hermans C.Physiological and molecular responses to magnesium nutritional imbalance in plants[J].Plant Soil,2013,368(1-2):87-99.
[9] Yang G H,Yang L T,Jiang H X,et al.Physiological impacts of magnesium-deficiency in Citrus seedlings:photosynthesis,antioxidant system and carbohydrates[J].Trees-Struct Funct,2012,26(4):1 237-1 250.
[10] Chen Z C,Peng W T,Li J,et al.Functional dissection and transport mechanism of magnesium in plants[J].Semin Cell Dev Biol,2017,74:142-152.
[11] Gerendás J,Führs H.The significance of magnesium for crop quality[J].Plant Soil,2013,368(1-2):101-128.
[12] Deliboran A,Sakin E,Aslan H,et al.Effects of different water,P and Mg doses on the quality and yield factors of soybean (Glycine max L.) in Harran plain conditions[J].Int J Phys Sci,2011,6:1 484–1 495.
[13] Vrataric M,Sudaric A,Kovacevic V,et al.Response of soybean to foliar fertilization with magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt)[J].Cereal Res Commun,2006,34(1):709-712.
[14] Jayaganesh S,Venkatesan S,Senthurpan V K.Impact of different sources and doses of magnesium fertilizer on biochemical constituents and quality parameters of black tea[J].Asian J Biochem,2006,6(3):273-281.
[15] Saleque M A,Abedin M J,Ahmed Z U,et al.Influences of phosphorus deficiency on the uptake of nitrogen,potassium,calcium,magnesium,sulfur,and zinc in lowland rice varieties[J].J Plant Nutr,2001,24(10):1 621-1 632.
[16] Fageria V D.Nutrient interactions in crop plants[J].J Plant Nutr,2001,24(8):1 269-1 290.
[17] Skinner P M,Cook J A,Matthews M A.Phosphorus requirements of winegrapes:vegetative and reproductive growth responses of Chenin blanc and Chardonnay cvs.to phosphorus fertilizer applications[J].Vitis,1988,27:95-101.
[18] Skinner P W,Matthews M A.A novel interaction of magnesium translocation with the supply of phosphorus to roots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Plant Cell Environ,1990,13:821-826.
[19] Reinbott T M,Blevins D G.Phosphorus and temperature effects on magnesium,calcium,and potassium in wheat and tall fescue leaves[J].Agron J,1994,86(3):523-529.
[20] Reinbott T M,Blevins D G.Phosphorus nutritional effects on root hydraulic conductance,xylem water flow and flux of magnesium and calcium in squash plants[J].Plant Soil,1999,209(2):263-273.
[21] Lasa B,Frechilla S,Aleu M,et al.Effects of low and high levels of magnesium on the response of sunflower plants grown with ammonium and nitrate[J].Plant Soil,2000,225(1-2):167-174.
[22] Niu Y,Jin G,Li X,et al.P and Mg interactively modulate the elongation and directional growth of primary roots in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.[J].J Exp Bot,2015,66(13):3 841-3 854.
[23] Graham P H,Vance C P.Legumes:importance and constraints to greater use[J].Plant Physiol,2003,131(3):872-877.
[24] 李欣欣,许锐能,廖红.大豆共生固氮在农业减肥增效中的贡献及应用潜力[J].大豆科学,2016,35(4):531-535.
[25] Wang X,Zhao S,Bücking H.Arbuscular mycorrhizal growth responses are fungal specific but do not differ between soybean genotypes with different phosphate efficiency[J].Ann Bot,2016,118(1):11-21.
[26] Vance C P,Uhde-Stone C,Allan D L.Phosphorus acquisition and use:critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource[J].New Phytol,2003,157(3):423-447.
[27] Lynch J P,Beebe S E.Adaptation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to low phosphorus availability[J].Hortscience,1995,30(6):1 165-1 171.
[28] Greer D,Sun O,Beets P,et al.Physiological impacts of Mg deficiency in Pinus radiata:growth and photosynthesis[J].New Phytol,2000,146(1):47-57.
[29] Gransee A,Fuehrs H.Magnesium mobility in soils as a challenge for soil and plant analysis,magnesium fertilization and root uptake under adverse growth conditions[J].Plant Soil,2013,368(1-2):5-21.
[30] Hermans C,Johnson G,Strasser R N.Physiological characterisation of magnesium deficiency in sugar beet:acclimation to low magnesium differentially affects photosystems I and II[J].Planta,2004,220(2):344-355.
[31] Peuke A D,Jeschke W D,Hartung W.Flows of elements,ions and abscisic acid in Ricinus communis and site of nitrate reduction under potassium limitation[J].J Exp Bot,2002,53(367):241-250.
[32] Maathuis F J.Physiological functions of mineral macronutrients[J].Curr Opin Plant Biol,2009,12(3):250-258.
[2] Wang X,Shen J,Liao H.Acquisition or utilization,which is more critical for enhancing phosphorus efficiency in modern crops?[J].Plant Sci,2010,179(4):302-306.
[3] Wang X,Yan X,Liao H,et al.Genetic improvement for phosphorus efficiency in soybean:a radical approach[J].Ann Bot,2010,106(1):215-222.
[4] Singh S K,Barnaby J Y,Reddy V R,et al.Varying response of the concentration and yield of soybean seed mineral elements,carbohydrates,organic acids,amino acids,protein,and oil to phosphorus starvation and CO2 enrichment[J].Front Plant Sci,2016,7(31):1 967-1 980.
[5] Marschner P.Mineral nutrition of higher plants[M].London:London Academic Press,2012:483-643.
[6] Cakmak I,Yazici A M.Magnesium:a forgotten element in crop production[J].Better Crops Plant,2010,94(2):23-25.
[7] Schneider G,Lindqvist Y,Br?ndén C I.RUBISCO:structure and mechanism[J].Annu Rev Biophys,1992,21(1):119-143.
[8] Verbruggen N,Hermans C.Physiological and molecular responses to magnesium nutritional imbalance in plants[J].Plant Soil,2013,368(1-2):87-99.
[9] Yang G H,Yang L T,Jiang H X,et al.Physiological impacts of magnesium-deficiency in Citrus seedlings:photosynthesis,antioxidant system and carbohydrates[J].Trees-Struct Funct,2012,26(4):1 237-1 250.
[10] Chen Z C,Peng W T,Li J,et al.Functional dissection and transport mechanism of magnesium in plants[J].Semin Cell Dev Biol,2017,74:142-152.
[11] Gerendás J,Führs H.The significance of magnesium for crop quality[J].Plant Soil,2013,368(1-2):101-128.
[12] Deliboran A,Sakin E,Aslan H,et al.Effects of different water,P and Mg doses on the quality and yield factors of soybean (Glycine max L.) in Harran plain conditions[J].Int J Phys Sci,2011,6:1 484–1 495.
[13] Vrataric M,Sudaric A,Kovacevic V,et al.Response of soybean to foliar fertilization with magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt)[J].Cereal Res Commun,2006,34(1):709-712.
[14] Jayaganesh S,Venkatesan S,Senthurpan V K.Impact of different sources and doses of magnesium fertilizer on biochemical constituents and quality parameters of black tea[J].Asian J Biochem,2006,6(3):273-281.
[15] Saleque M A,Abedin M J,Ahmed Z U,et al.Influences of phosphorus deficiency on the uptake of nitrogen,potassium,calcium,magnesium,sulfur,and zinc in lowland rice varieties[J].J Plant Nutr,2001,24(10):1 621-1 632.
[16] Fageria V D.Nutrient interactions in crop plants[J].J Plant Nutr,2001,24(8):1 269-1 290.
[17] Skinner P M,Cook J A,Matthews M A.Phosphorus requirements of winegrapes:vegetative and reproductive growth responses of Chenin blanc and Chardonnay cvs.to phosphorus fertilizer applications[J].Vitis,1988,27:95-101.
[18] Skinner P W,Matthews M A.A novel interaction of magnesium translocation with the supply of phosphorus to roots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Plant Cell Environ,1990,13:821-826.
[19] Reinbott T M,Blevins D G.Phosphorus and temperature effects on magnesium,calcium,and potassium in wheat and tall fescue leaves[J].Agron J,1994,86(3):523-529.
[20] Reinbott T M,Blevins D G.Phosphorus nutritional effects on root hydraulic conductance,xylem water flow and flux of magnesium and calcium in squash plants[J].Plant Soil,1999,209(2):263-273.
[21] Lasa B,Frechilla S,Aleu M,et al.Effects of low and high levels of magnesium on the response of sunflower plants grown with ammonium and nitrate[J].Plant Soil,2000,225(1-2):167-174.
[22] Niu Y,Jin G,Li X,et al.P and Mg interactively modulate the elongation and directional growth of primary roots in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.[J].J Exp Bot,2015,66(13):3 841-3 854.
[23] Graham P H,Vance C P.Legumes:importance and constraints to greater use[J].Plant Physiol,2003,131(3):872-877.
[24] 李欣欣,许锐能,廖红.大豆共生固氮在农业减肥增效中的贡献及应用潜力[J].大豆科学,2016,35(4):531-535.
[25] Wang X,Zhao S,Bücking H.Arbuscular mycorrhizal growth responses are fungal specific but do not differ between soybean genotypes with different phosphate efficiency[J].Ann Bot,2016,118(1):11-21.
[26] Vance C P,Uhde-Stone C,Allan D L.Phosphorus acquisition and use:critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource[J].New Phytol,2003,157(3):423-447.
[27] Lynch J P,Beebe S E.Adaptation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to low phosphorus availability[J].Hortscience,1995,30(6):1 165-1 171.
[28] Greer D,Sun O,Beets P,et al.Physiological impacts of Mg deficiency in Pinus radiata:growth and photosynthesis[J].New Phytol,2000,146(1):47-57.
[29] Gransee A,Fuehrs H.Magnesium mobility in soils as a challenge for soil and plant analysis,magnesium fertilization and root uptake under adverse growth conditions[J].Plant Soil,2013,368(1-2):5-21.
[30] Hermans C,Johnson G,Strasser R N.Physiological characterisation of magnesium deficiency in sugar beet:acclimation to low magnesium differentially affects photosystems I and II[J].Planta,2004,220(2):344-355.
[31] Peuke A D,Jeschke W D,Hartung W.Flows of elements,ions and abscisic acid in Ricinus communis and site of nitrate reduction under potassium limitation[J].J Exp Bot,2002,53(367):241-250.
[32] Maathuis F J.Physiological functions of mineral macronutrients[J].Curr Opin Plant Biol,2009,12(3):250-258.