风力机智能叶片非定常气动特性分析
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摘要
为研究大型风力机智能叶片的非定常气动特性,以具有尾缘襟翼的NREL 5 MW参考风力机为研究对象,改进动态失速模型并修正动态尾流模型,建立风力机智能叶片的非定常气动模型。进而,通过仿真验证所建模型的准确性。最后,研究在不同尾缘襟翼角度下翼型升力系数、叶根挥舞弯矩和风力机功率的变化规律。结果表明,所建模型可较准确模拟翼型周围的非定常流动状态;尾缘襟翼可减小动态失速效应,有利于降低疲劳载荷、抑制功率波动。
To research the unsteady aerodynamic performance of large-scale wind turbine smart blade,the National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL)5 MW reference wind turbine with trailing edge flaps(TEFs)was selected as the study object. The unsteady aerodynamic model of wind turbine smart blade was developed including the improved dynamic stall model and the modified dynamic wake model. Then,simulations were run out to verify the accuracy of the present model. At last,the change law of the lift coefficient,the flapwise root moment and the power of wind turbine were studied under different TEF angel conditions. Results show that the present model can simulate the unsteady flow around the airfoil with high accuracy. The TEF can mitigate the dynamic stall effect and reduce the fatigue load and suppress the power fluctuation.
To research the unsteady aerodynamic performance of large-scale wind turbine smart blade,the National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL)5 MW reference wind turbine with trailing edge flaps(TEFs)was selected as the study object. The unsteady aerodynamic model of wind turbine smart blade was developed including the improved dynamic stall model and the modified dynamic wake model. Then,simulations were run out to verify the accuracy of the present model. At last,the change law of the lift coefficient,the flapwise root moment and the power of wind turbine were studied under different TEF angel conditions. Results show that the present model can simulate the unsteady flow around the airfoil with high accuracy. The TEF can mitigate the dynamic stall effect and reduce the fatigue load and suppress the power fluctuation.
引文
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[7]张文广,白雪剑.智能叶片风力机建模及多目标尾缘襟翼控制[J].动力工程学报,2018,38(4):321—328.[7] Zhang Wenguang,Bai Xuejian. Modeling of smart blade wind turbine and multi-target trailing edge flaps control[J]. Journal of Chinese Society Power Engineering,2018,38(4):321—328.
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[9]张文广,李腾飞,刘吉臻,等.尾缘襟翼结构参数对大型风力机气动性能影响的仿真研究[J].可再生能源,2016,34(12):1826—1833.[9] Zhang Wenguang, Li Tengfei, Liu Jizhen, et al.Simulation study on trailing edge flaps structure parameters affecting aerodynamic performance of large wind turbines[J]. Renewable Energy Resources,2016,34(12):1826—1833.
[10] Hansen Martin O L. Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines[M]. Third Edition. New York,U.S:Routledge,2015:81—84.
[11]廖明夫,宋文萍,王四季,等.风力机设计理论与结构动力学[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2014:133—134.[11] Liao Mingfu,Song Wenping,Wang Siji,et al. Wind turbine design theory and structural dynamics[M].Xi’an:Northwestern Polytechnical University Press,2014:133—134.
[12] Gupta S,Leishman J G. Dynamic stall modelling of the S809 aerofoil and comparison with experiments[J].Wind Energy,2006,9(6):521—547.
[13] Drela M. XFOIL:An analysis and design system for low reynolds number airfoils[A]. Conference on Low Reynolds Number Airfoil Aerodynamics[C],University of Notre Dame,1989.
[14]郝文星,叶舟,李春,等.基于柔性尾缘襟翼风力机翼型性能主动控制研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(5):1339—1345.[14] Hao Wenxing,Ye Zhou,Li Chun,et al. Study of active control for wind turbine airfoil performance based on deformable trailing edge flap[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(5):1339—1345.
[15] ANSYS FLUENT in ANSYS Workbench User’s Guide[M]. Fluent Inc. Canonsburg,PA,2012:79—86.
[2] Couchman I,Castaignet D,Poulsen N K,et al. Active load reduction by means of trailing edge flaps on a wind turbine blade[A]. 2014 American Control Conference[C],Portland,USA,2014.
[3] Jain R,Yeo H,Chopra I. Investigation of trailing-edge flap gap effects on rotor performance using high-fidelity analysis[J]. Journal of Aircraft,2013,50(1):140—151.
[4] Gaertner E M. Modeling Dynamic stall for a free vortex wake model of a floating offshore wind turbine[D].Amherst:University of Massachusetts-Amherst,2014.
[5]李俊.大型风电机组整机及关键部件仿真分析与优化设计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.
[6]李媛,康顺,范忠瑶,等.全迎角风力机翼型气动特性数值分析[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(7):1106—1111.[6] Li Yuan,Kang Shun,Fan Zhongyao,et al. Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performances of wind turbine airfoils at all angle of attack[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(7):1106—1111.
[7]张文广,白雪剑.智能叶片风力机建模及多目标尾缘襟翼控制[J].动力工程学报,2018,38(4):321—328.[7] Zhang Wenguang,Bai Xuejian. Modeling of smart blade wind turbine and multi-target trailing edge flaps control[J]. Journal of Chinese Society Power Engineering,2018,38(4):321—328.
[8] Jonkman J,Butterfield S,Musial W,et al. Definition of a 5-MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development[R]. Colorado,National Renewable Energy Laboratory,2009.
[9]张文广,李腾飞,刘吉臻,等.尾缘襟翼结构参数对大型风力机气动性能影响的仿真研究[J].可再生能源,2016,34(12):1826—1833.[9] Zhang Wenguang, Li Tengfei, Liu Jizhen, et al.Simulation study on trailing edge flaps structure parameters affecting aerodynamic performance of large wind turbines[J]. Renewable Energy Resources,2016,34(12):1826—1833.
[10] Hansen Martin O L. Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines[M]. Third Edition. New York,U.S:Routledge,2015:81—84.
[11]廖明夫,宋文萍,王四季,等.风力机设计理论与结构动力学[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2014:133—134.[11] Liao Mingfu,Song Wenping,Wang Siji,et al. Wind turbine design theory and structural dynamics[M].Xi’an:Northwestern Polytechnical University Press,2014:133—134.
[12] Gupta S,Leishman J G. Dynamic stall modelling of the S809 aerofoil and comparison with experiments[J].Wind Energy,2006,9(6):521—547.
[13] Drela M. XFOIL:An analysis and design system for low reynolds number airfoils[A]. Conference on Low Reynolds Number Airfoil Aerodynamics[C],University of Notre Dame,1989.
[14]郝文星,叶舟,李春,等.基于柔性尾缘襟翼风力机翼型性能主动控制研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(5):1339—1345.[14] Hao Wenxing,Ye Zhou,Li Chun,et al. Study of active control for wind turbine airfoil performance based on deformable trailing edge flap[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(5):1339—1345.
[15] ANSYS FLUENT in ANSYS Workbench User’s Guide[M]. Fluent Inc. Canonsburg,PA,2012:79—86.