低温春化对乌塌菜抽薹开花的影响
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摘要
为实现乌塌菜的加代繁殖,针对冬性不同的材料,找到其适宜的春化时间,将萌芽的种子在4℃低温条件下分别处理15、20、25 d,调查不同春化处理时间对乌塌菜各材料抽薹开花的影响。结果表明,‘常丰乌塌菜’冬性最强,春化25 d,播种至现蕾始期时间为35.6 d,播种至开花始期时间为45.8 d,现蕾开花最早,开花期反应植株大小与健壮程度的株幅、花薹直径、叶片数与春化20 d处理差异不显著;‘中八叶’和‘精选乌塌菜’春化20 d,开花期植株生长健壮,株幅、叶片数、花薹直径显著优于春化25 d处理,开花率接近100%,现蕾开花也较早。综合分析得出‘常丰乌塌菜’春化25 d最适宜,‘中八叶’‘精选乌塌菜’春化20 d最适宜。
In order to achieve adding-generation propagation of savoy and seek the suitable vernalization time for savoy varieties with different winterness, the seeds were treated at 4 ℃ for 15,20,25 days respectively, the effects of different vernalization time on bolting and flowering were investigated. The results showed that the days from seeding to budding of‘changfeng'vagoy which treated at 4 ℃ for 25 days were 35.6 and the days from seeding to flowering were 45.8, the time of budding and flowering were earlier than other treatments, so the winterness of‘changfeng'vagoy was the best.In addition, it showed no significant difference in plant width, diameter of flower bolt and number of leaves compared with the 20 days treatment. The plants of‘Zhongbaye'and‘Jingxuan savoy'which treated at 4 ℃ for 20 days were strong and the plant width, leaf numbers and diameter of flower bolt were significantly better than those of the 25 days treatments, the budding time and flowering time showed no significant difference compared with the 25 days treatment and the flowering rate was close to 100%. Comprehensive analysis showed that the optimum vernalization time of‘changfeng savoy'was 25 d and the optimum vernalization time of‘zhongbaye'and‘Jingxuan savoy'was 20 d.
In order to achieve adding-generation propagation of savoy and seek the suitable vernalization time for savoy varieties with different winterness, the seeds were treated at 4 ℃ for 15,20,25 days respectively, the effects of different vernalization time on bolting and flowering were investigated. The results showed that the days from seeding to budding of‘changfeng'vagoy which treated at 4 ℃ for 25 days were 35.6 and the days from seeding to flowering were 45.8, the time of budding and flowering were earlier than other treatments, so the winterness of‘changfeng'vagoy was the best.In addition, it showed no significant difference in plant width, diameter of flower bolt and number of leaves compared with the 20 days treatment. The plants of‘Zhongbaye'and‘Jingxuan savoy'which treated at 4 ℃ for 20 days were strong and the plant width, leaf numbers and diameter of flower bolt were significantly better than those of the 25 days treatments, the budding time and flowering time showed no significant difference compared with the 25 days treatment and the flowering rate was close to 100%. Comprehensive analysis showed that the optimum vernalization time of‘changfeng savoy'was 25 d and the optimum vernalization time of‘zhongbaye'and‘Jingxuan savoy'was 20 d.
引文
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[7]张作青,于丽杰.不同因素对大白菜春化影响及其调控基因研究进展[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011(1):131-133.
[8]朱红芳,李晓锋,翟文,等.不同春化和授粉前处理对不结球白菜抽薑及种子产量的影响[J].上海农业学报,2017,33(3):101-104.
[9]徐学忠,胡靖锋,杨红丽,等.人工春化处理对白菜抽薹及加代繁殖的影响[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(5):527-530.
[10]丁宁,汤青林,王志敏,等.芸薹属作物抽薹开花调控途径的研究进展[J].长江蔬菜,2011(12):1-3.
[11]王薇,夏广清,姚方杰.春化和赤霉素处理对大白菜开花的诱导效应[J].吉林农业大学学报,2008,30(1):24-27.
[12]张德双,徐小谢,徐家炳,等.春化天数对大白菜、小白菜现蕾和开花的影响[J].华北农学报,2003,18(1):75-78.
[13]王真真,侯瑞贤,李晓峰,等.春化时间对不结球白菜现蕾、抽薹和开花的影响[J].上海农业学报,2013,29(5):50-53.
[2]邵璐,汪承刚,宋江华,等.乌塌菜主要形态特征与品种低温耐受性的关系[J].中国农业大学学报,2014,19(4):95-102.
[3]袁华玲,张辉昌.安徽不结球白菜地方种质资源概况[J].中国种业,2004(1):52-53.
[4]邵璐,汪承刚,宋江华,等.乌塌菜主要形态特征与品种低温耐受性的关系[J].中国农业大学学报,2014,19(4):95-102.
[5]刘磊,刘世琦.植物春化作用条件及机理研究进展[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(2):178-182.
[6]原玉香,孙日飞.白菜类作物抽薹开花的分子遗传分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2008.
[7]张作青,于丽杰.不同因素对大白菜春化影响及其调控基因研究进展[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011(1):131-133.
[8]朱红芳,李晓锋,翟文,等.不同春化和授粉前处理对不结球白菜抽薑及种子产量的影响[J].上海农业学报,2017,33(3):101-104.
[9]徐学忠,胡靖锋,杨红丽,等.人工春化处理对白菜抽薹及加代繁殖的影响[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(5):527-530.
[10]丁宁,汤青林,王志敏,等.芸薹属作物抽薹开花调控途径的研究进展[J].长江蔬菜,2011(12):1-3.
[11]王薇,夏广清,姚方杰.春化和赤霉素处理对大白菜开花的诱导效应[J].吉林农业大学学报,2008,30(1):24-27.
[12]张德双,徐小谢,徐家炳,等.春化天数对大白菜、小白菜现蕾和开花的影响[J].华北农学报,2003,18(1):75-78.
[13]王真真,侯瑞贤,李晓峰,等.春化时间对不结球白菜现蕾、抽薹和开花的影响[J].上海农业学报,2013,29(5):50-53.