辣椒籽抗菌肽的安全性评价及其在玉米防霉中的应用
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摘要
依据《食品安全性毒理学评价程序和方法》进行小鼠急性毒性试验和大鼠亚慢性毒性试验。小鼠一次按5 g/kg体重给小鼠灌服辣椒籽抗菌肽,经1周饲喂观察未见有明显的中毒现象;大鼠按300 mg/kg体重连续灌服抗菌肽30 d,辣椒籽抗菌肽对大鼠饲料利用率、脏器指数、血常规以及血液生化指标等无显著影响(P> 0. 05),同时也未发现辣椒籽抗菌肽对大鼠造成病理学变化,说明辣椒籽抗菌肽不会在体内造成蓄积毒性。辣椒籽抗菌肽在玉米防霉中应用的结果表明,不同剂量的辣椒籽抗菌肽均能不同程度地抑制霉菌繁殖,降低脂肪酸值,0. 3 g/kg的辣椒籽抗菌肽的应用效果与丙酸钙和那他霉素标准添加量无显著差异(P> 0. 05),说明辣椒籽抗菌肽具有被开发为新型防霉剂在农产品安全贮藏中应用的潜力。
The acute and subchronic toxicity tests of pepper seeds' antifungal peptides were carried out using mice and rats. The results showed that no obvious poisoning phenomenon observed after feeding mice with 5 g/kg bw of the antifungal peptides for one week. Besides,when fed rats with 300 mg/kg bw peptides continuously for 30 d did not have any significant effects on their feed utilization rate,organ indexes,blood routine,and blood biochemical indexes. In addition,there were no pathological changes caused by the antifungal peptides in rats. These results indicated that pepper seeds' antifungal peptides were safe,as they did not cause accumulated toxicity in the body. Moreover,it was found that different doses of the antifungal peptides could inhibit mold reproduction to various degrees and reduce fatty acid value. The effects of 0. 3 g/kg pepper seeds' antifungal peptides were similar to the effects of standard dosages of calcium propionate and natamycin( P > 0. 05). These results demonstrated that pepper seeds' antifungal peptides have the potential to be developed as a new anti-fungal agent to safely store agricultural products.
The acute and subchronic toxicity tests of pepper seeds' antifungal peptides were carried out using mice and rats. The results showed that no obvious poisoning phenomenon observed after feeding mice with 5 g/kg bw of the antifungal peptides for one week. Besides,when fed rats with 300 mg/kg bw peptides continuously for 30 d did not have any significant effects on their feed utilization rate,organ indexes,blood routine,and blood biochemical indexes. In addition,there were no pathological changes caused by the antifungal peptides in rats. These results indicated that pepper seeds' antifungal peptides were safe,as they did not cause accumulated toxicity in the body. Moreover,it was found that different doses of the antifungal peptides could inhibit mold reproduction to various degrees and reduce fatty acid value. The effects of 0. 3 g/kg pepper seeds' antifungal peptides were similar to the effects of standard dosages of calcium propionate and natamycin( P > 0. 05). These results demonstrated that pepper seeds' antifungal peptides have the potential to be developed as a new anti-fungal agent to safely store agricultural products.
引文
[1]朱妞.辣椒籽综合开发利用前景分析[J].中国调味品,2014(1):120-123.
[2]马燕,徐贞贞,邹辉,等. 8个品种辣椒籽成分分析与比较[J].食品科学,2017,38(22):178-183.
[3] ROBINSON S,MASOND’CROZ D,SULSER T,et al.International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade(IMPACT):Model Description[M].Washington DC:International Food Policy,2008.
[4]贾正雷,程家昌,李艳梅,等. 1978~2014年间中国玉米生产的时空特征变化研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(2):50-57.
[5] TSEDALEY B,ADUGNA G,Detection of Fungi infecting maize(Zea mays L.)seeds in different storages aroud jimma,Southwestern Ethiopia[J]. Plant Pathology&Microbiology,2016,7(3):1-6.
[6] GB/T 13092—2006,饲料中霉菌总数测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[7] GB/T 15684—2015,谷物碾磨制品脂肪酸值的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[8] GB/T 20570—2015玉米储存品质判定规则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015
[9]梁维权,沈宗海.稻谷脂肪酸值测定工作的探讨[J].粮油仓储科技通讯,2007(3):50-52.
[10]朱星晔,韩育梅,陆晖,等.气调储藏对大米脂肪酸值变化的影响[J].粮油食品科技,2010,18(4):49-51.
[11] GUPTA R,SRIVASTAVA S. Antifungal effect of antimicrobial peptides(AMPs LR14)derived from Lactobacillus plantarum,strain LR/14 and their applications in prevention of grain spoilage[J]. Food Microbiology,2014,42(12):1-7.
[12]丛苑.玉米霉菌快速检测技术及控制研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013.
[13]申吉泓.抗菌肽及其临床应用现状[J].昆明医科大学学报,2003,24(4):26-28.
[14]于健,邱芳萍,张玲.抗菌肽及其应用前景[J].长春工业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,25(1):65-68.
[15] ENRIQUE M,MARCOS J F,YUSTE M,et al. Antimicrobial action of synthetic peptides towards wine spoilage yeasts[J]. International Journal of Food Microbiology,2007,118(3):318-325.
[16]吴燕燕,张岩,李来好,等.甲基营养型芽孢杆菌抗菌肽对罗非鱼片保鲜效果的研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(2):315-318.
[17]宋风霞.酶解苦荞蛋白制备抗菌肽及其在牛肉保鲜的研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017.
[18]黄荣春.抗菌肽在猪生产中的应用研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2017.
[19]马卫明,佘锐萍,胡艳欣,等.猪小肠抗菌肽对雏鸡的促生长作用及其机理初探[J].中国农业科学,2006(8):1 723-1 728.
[20]马锐,李文英,张伟,等.鹿瓜多肽性休克一例[J].华北国防医药,2010,22(5):485-485.
[21]董开宥,苏琼芬.鹿瓜多肽注射液致高热2例[J].药物不良反应杂志,2006,8(2):132-133.
[22]王新春,吴文蓓.糖肽类抗生素致药物热二例[J].中国药物与临床,2011,11(10):1 232-1 232.
[23] MHIKO T A. Determination of the causes and the effects of storage conditions on the quality of silo stored wheat(Triticum aestivum)in Zimbabwe[J]. Natural Products&Bioprospecting,2012,2(1):21.
[24]白岩.不同储藏条件下玉米微生物活性值与脂肪酸值相关性的分析[J].粮食加工,2016(6):68-70.
[2]马燕,徐贞贞,邹辉,等. 8个品种辣椒籽成分分析与比较[J].食品科学,2017,38(22):178-183.
[3] ROBINSON S,MASOND’CROZ D,SULSER T,et al.International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade(IMPACT):Model Description[M].Washington DC:International Food Policy,2008.
[4]贾正雷,程家昌,李艳梅,等. 1978~2014年间中国玉米生产的时空特征变化研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(2):50-57.
[5] TSEDALEY B,ADUGNA G,Detection of Fungi infecting maize(Zea mays L.)seeds in different storages aroud jimma,Southwestern Ethiopia[J]. Plant Pathology&Microbiology,2016,7(3):1-6.
[6] GB/T 13092—2006,饲料中霉菌总数测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[7] GB/T 15684—2015,谷物碾磨制品脂肪酸值的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[8] GB/T 20570—2015玉米储存品质判定规则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015
[9]梁维权,沈宗海.稻谷脂肪酸值测定工作的探讨[J].粮油仓储科技通讯,2007(3):50-52.
[10]朱星晔,韩育梅,陆晖,等.气调储藏对大米脂肪酸值变化的影响[J].粮油食品科技,2010,18(4):49-51.
[11] GUPTA R,SRIVASTAVA S. Antifungal effect of antimicrobial peptides(AMPs LR14)derived from Lactobacillus plantarum,strain LR/14 and their applications in prevention of grain spoilage[J]. Food Microbiology,2014,42(12):1-7.
[12]丛苑.玉米霉菌快速检测技术及控制研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013.
[13]申吉泓.抗菌肽及其临床应用现状[J].昆明医科大学学报,2003,24(4):26-28.
[14]于健,邱芳萍,张玲.抗菌肽及其应用前景[J].长春工业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,25(1):65-68.
[15] ENRIQUE M,MARCOS J F,YUSTE M,et al. Antimicrobial action of synthetic peptides towards wine spoilage yeasts[J]. International Journal of Food Microbiology,2007,118(3):318-325.
[16]吴燕燕,张岩,李来好,等.甲基营养型芽孢杆菌抗菌肽对罗非鱼片保鲜效果的研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(2):315-318.
[17]宋风霞.酶解苦荞蛋白制备抗菌肽及其在牛肉保鲜的研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017.
[18]黄荣春.抗菌肽在猪生产中的应用研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2017.
[19]马卫明,佘锐萍,胡艳欣,等.猪小肠抗菌肽对雏鸡的促生长作用及其机理初探[J].中国农业科学,2006(8):1 723-1 728.
[20]马锐,李文英,张伟,等.鹿瓜多肽性休克一例[J].华北国防医药,2010,22(5):485-485.
[21]董开宥,苏琼芬.鹿瓜多肽注射液致高热2例[J].药物不良反应杂志,2006,8(2):132-133.
[22]王新春,吴文蓓.糖肽类抗生素致药物热二例[J].中国药物与临床,2011,11(10):1 232-1 232.
[23] MHIKO T A. Determination of the causes and the effects of storage conditions on the quality of silo stored wheat(Triticum aestivum)in Zimbabwe[J]. Natural Products&Bioprospecting,2012,2(1):21.
[24]白岩.不同储藏条件下玉米微生物活性值与脂肪酸值相关性的分析[J].粮食加工,2016(6):68-70.