基于EPG技术分析杭菊两主栽品种对三种菊蚜抗性及其相关抗性物质
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摘要
为比较杭白菊主栽品种早、晚小洋菊对菊小长管蚜Macrosiphoniella sanborni、棉蚜Aphis gossypii、桃蚜Myzus persicae的抗性,通过刺吸电位技术(electrical penetration graph,EPG)研究菊蚜在菊顶叶上刺吸行为,并检测了菊顶叶主要化合物。结果表明:在晚小洋菊上,菊小长管蚜的E1、E2波平均持续时间4.31、3.47 min,分别短于在早小洋菊上的4.63、3.75 min;棉蚜、桃蚜的E1、E2波平均持续时间分别为4.32、4.72 min和4.92、4.64 min;3种蚜虫的平均刺探次数均大于在早小洋菊上的平均刺探次数。聚类分析结果显示,2个主栽品种之间抗性存在差异。早小洋菊顶叶平均可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量分别为2.71 mg/g和25.36 mg/g,均高于晚小洋菊;早小洋菊顶叶总酚含量为0.24 mg/g,显著低于晚小洋菊;早、晚小洋菊总黄酮含量分别为3.46 mg/g和3.37 mg/g。早小洋菊顶叶可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量基本上与每种菊蚜的E1、E2波持续时间显著正相关,总酚含量、总黄酮含量与每种菊蚜的E1或E2波持续时间显著负相关。推测早小洋菊对于菊长管蚜的抗性稍弱于晚小洋菊,2种杭白菊对棉蚜或桃蚜的抗性相当,且菊叶中的这4种物质含量与抗蚜性相关。
In order to compare the differences in the resistance to three species of aphids(Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae) between two elite Hangbaiju(Chrysanthemum morifolium) cultivars: Zaoxiaoyangju and Wanxiaoyangju, the probing behaviors of these aphids on the apical leaves of the chrysanthemum plants were studied by using electrical penetration graph(EPG) techniques, and the main compounds of these apical leaves were also analyzed. The results showed that the durations of E1 and E2 waves in M. sanborni on the cultivar Wanxiaoyangju(4.31 min and 3.47 min, respectively) were shorter than those on the cultivar Zaoxiaoyangju(4.63 min and 3.75 min); the durations of E1 and E2 waves in A. gossypii and M. persicae were 4.32, 4.72 min and 4.92, 4.64 min, respectively. The average numbers of probes of the three aphids on Wanxiaoyangju were higher than those on Zaoxiaoyangju. The cluster analysis separated these two cultivars clearly into two different groups(classes), indicating obvious differences in resistance against these aphids. The average contents of soluble sugars(2.71 mg/g) and soluble proteins(25.36 mg/g) in the apical leaves of Zaoxiaoyangju were more than those in the Wanxiaoyangju apical leaves, whilst the total content of phenols in the former(0.24 mg/g) was significantly lower than that in the latter. The total contents of flavones in Zaoxiaoyangju(3.46 mg/g) and Wanxiaoyangju(3.37 mg/g) were very similar. Moreover, in Zaoxiaoyangju apical leaves the contents of soluble sugars and soluble proteins were positively correlated with E1 and E2 durations of each aphid species, except the E2 duration in M. persicae; both contents of phenols and flavones were negatively correlated with either E1 or E2 duration of each aphid species. The results indicated that Zaoxiaoyangju exhibited a relatively weaker resistance against the aphid M. sanborni than did Wanxiaoyangju, and there were no significant differences in the resistance to the aphids A. gossypii and M. persicae between these two cultivars. The contents of these substances in the chrysanthemum leaves seemed to be related to their resistance against or susceptibility to the aphids.
In order to compare the differences in the resistance to three species of aphids(Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae) between two elite Hangbaiju(Chrysanthemum morifolium) cultivars: Zaoxiaoyangju and Wanxiaoyangju, the probing behaviors of these aphids on the apical leaves of the chrysanthemum plants were studied by using electrical penetration graph(EPG) techniques, and the main compounds of these apical leaves were also analyzed. The results showed that the durations of E1 and E2 waves in M. sanborni on the cultivar Wanxiaoyangju(4.31 min and 3.47 min, respectively) were shorter than those on the cultivar Zaoxiaoyangju(4.63 min and 3.75 min); the durations of E1 and E2 waves in A. gossypii and M. persicae were 4.32, 4.72 min and 4.92, 4.64 min, respectively. The average numbers of probes of the three aphids on Wanxiaoyangju were higher than those on Zaoxiaoyangju. The cluster analysis separated these two cultivars clearly into two different groups(classes), indicating obvious differences in resistance against these aphids. The average contents of soluble sugars(2.71 mg/g) and soluble proteins(25.36 mg/g) in the apical leaves of Zaoxiaoyangju were more than those in the Wanxiaoyangju apical leaves, whilst the total content of phenols in the former(0.24 mg/g) was significantly lower than that in the latter. The total contents of flavones in Zaoxiaoyangju(3.46 mg/g) and Wanxiaoyangju(3.37 mg/g) were very similar. Moreover, in Zaoxiaoyangju apical leaves the contents of soluble sugars and soluble proteins were positively correlated with E1 and E2 durations of each aphid species, except the E2 duration in M. persicae; both contents of phenols and flavones were negatively correlated with either E1 or E2 duration of each aphid species. The results indicated that Zaoxiaoyangju exhibited a relatively weaker resistance against the aphid M. sanborni than did Wanxiaoyangju, and there were no significant differences in the resistance to the aphids A. gossypii and M. persicae between these two cultivars. The contents of these substances in the chrysanthemum leaves seemed to be related to their resistance against or susceptibility to the aphids.
引文
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He YQ,Chen WL,Lu ZY,Zhou CY,Li ZA,Li TS.2015.EPG analysis of feeding behavior of three aphids on citrus reticulate.Journal of Plant Protection,42(2):217-222(in Chinese)[何应琴,陈文龙,鲁卓越,周常勇,李中安,李太盛.2015.柑橘三种蚜虫取食行为的EPG分析.植物保护学报,42(2):217-222]
Jin S,Sun XL,Zhang XZ,Ye NX,Chen ZM.2016.Chemical analysis of 8 tea cultivars with different levels of resistance to Empoasca vitis G?the and a preliminary identification of the chemical basis of this resistance.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,53(3):516-527(in Chinese)[金珊,孙晓玲,张新忠,叶乃兴,陈宗懋.2016.8个茶树品种生化成分分析及抗性成分的初步鉴定.应用昆虫学报,53(3):516-527]
Jiang XW.2005.Major pests damage characteristics and control measures in tea chrysanthemum.Journal of Jianghan University(Natural Science),33(2):74-76,79(in Chinese)[蒋细旺.2005.茶用菊花主要虫害危害特征及防治措施.江汉大学学报(自然科学版),33(2):74-76,79]
Lattanzio V,Arpaia S,Cardinali A,DiVenere D,Linsalata V.2000.Role of endogenous flavonoids in resistance mechanism of vigna to aphids.Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,48(11):5316-5320
Li HS.2000.Plant physiology and biochemistry experiment principle and technology.Beijing:Higher Education Press,pp.184-185,195-197(in Chinese)[李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.高等教育出版社,pp.184-185,195-197]
Li XM,Li JJ,Tang QB,Yan FM.2013.Effects of nicotine on feeding behavior of Bemisia tabaci B and Q biotypes based on EPG and liquid diet sac technique.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,46(10):2041-2049(in Chinese)[李晓敏,李静静,汤清波,闫凤鸣.2013.烟碱对B型和Q型烟粉虱取食行为的影响--基于EPG和液体饲囊技术体系.中国农业科学,46(10):2041-2049]
Liu FH,Kang ZW,Hu XS,Zhang ZF,Liu TX.2017.Effects of foliage nutrients of different wheat cultivars on the grain aphid Sitobion avenae(Hemiptera:Aphididae).Journal of Plant Protection,44(2):305-311(in Chinese)[刘芳华,康志伟,胡想顺,张战凤,刘同先.2017.小麦叶片营养物质与抗麦长管蚜的相关性分析.植物保护学报,44(2):305-311]
Ni GY,Zhu LW,Niu JF,Zhao XH,Zhang ZZ,Zhao PQ.2014.Growth and chemical defense in three Asteraceae invasive weeds in lower subtropical China.Ecology and Environmental Sciences,23(1):1-6(in Chinese)[倪广艳,朱丽薇,牛俊峰,赵秀华,张振振,赵培强.2014.三种菊科入侵植物的生长与化学防御的关系研究.生态环境学报,23(1):1-6]
Njom HA,Mebalo J,Terefe TG,Ndip RN,Bradley G.2017.Phenolics and their potential as biochemical markers for wheat rust and Russian wheat aphid resistance in South Africa.African Journal of Soil Science,5(5):426-434
Shen Y,Dai DJ,Shen Y.2017.Investigation on the use of pesticides in Chrysanthemum morifolium in Zhejiang and countermeasures.Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,58(3):438-441(in Chinese)[沈瑶,戴德江,沈颖.2017.浙江省杭白菊农药使用情况调查及对策建议.浙江农业科学,58(3):438-441]
Tang QY,Feng MG,2010.DPS data processing system:experimental design,statistical analysis and data mining.Beijing:Science Press(in Chinese)[唐启义,冯明光.2010.DPS数据处理系统:实验设计、统计分析及数据挖掘.北京:科学出版社]
Yang Z,Lv ZP,Huang RL,Cao FS,Luo SY.2017.Content of Bt protein in different backgrounds of rice and its effect on insect resistance.Journal of Plant Protection,44(6):1017-1023(in Chinese)[杨宙,吕再萍,黄仁良,曹丰生,罗世友.2017.Bt蛋白在水稻不同遗传背景下的含量及对抗虫性的影响.植物保护学报,44(6):1017-1023]
Zhang CT,Chen Y,Cai JW,Song XL.2010.Integrated control of disease and insect pests and pollutant-free cultivation techniques of ornamental Dendranthema morifolium.China Plant Protection,30(3):25-27(in Chinese)[张春桃,陈轶,蔡建武,宋学林.2010.观赏性杭白菊病虫害综合防治及无公害栽培技术.中国植保导刊,30(3):25-27]
Zhang WP,Liu BM,Zhang S,Wan FH,Chu D.2016.Comparison of feeding behavior between two Bemisia tabaci strains using EPGtechnique.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,49(13):2544-2552(in Chinese)[张文平,刘佰明,张珊,万方浩,褚栋.2016.基于EPG技术的烟粉虱两个品系取食行为的比较.中国农业科学,49(13):2544-2552]
Zheng YT,Wang MX,Cui L,Han SJ,Yu PF,Han BY.2017.Resistance of tea cultivars to the tea green leafhopper analyzed by EPG technique and their resistance-related substances.Acta Ecologica Sinica,37(23):8015-8028(in Chinese)[郑雨婷,王梦馨,崔林,韩善捷,俞鹏飞,韩宝瑜.2017.基于EPG技术分析茶树品种对茶小绿叶蝉的抗性及其相关的抗性物质.生态学报,37(23):8015-8028]
Zhu Y,Wang MX,Cui L,Han BY.2018.Effects of external morphology of two main Chrysanthemum cultivars of Hangbaiju on its resistance to Macrosiphoniella sanborni(Gillette).Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,45(6):1143-1146(in Chinese)[祝愿,王梦馨,崔林,韩宝瑜.2018.2个杭菊主栽品种形色差异及其与菊小长管蚜数的相关性.安徽农业大学学报,45(5):1143-1146]
Chen SL,Du RQ,Wu H,Zhang HF.2011.Discriminant analysis of the relationship between nutrient contents in needles of Pinus massoniana and its resistance against Hemiberlesia pitysophila(Hemiptera:Diaspididae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,54(3):312-319(in Chinese)[陈顺立,杜瑞卿,吴晖,张华峰.2011.不同抗性马尾松针叶中营养物质含量与对松突圆蚧抗性关系的判别分析.昆虫学报,54(3):312-319]
Deng YM,Chen SM,Lu AM,Chen FD,Tang FP,Guan ZY,Teng NJ.2010.Production and characterisation of the intergeneric hybrids between Dendranthema morifolium and Artemisia vulgaris exhibiting enhanced resistance to chrysanthemum aphid(Macrosiphoniella sanbourni).Planta,231(3):693-703
Ding P,Ma HQ,Dai DJ,Wang HD.2015.Application technique of70%imidacloprid WDG controlling aphids on Chrysanthemum morifolium.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,31(17):95-99(in Chinese)[丁佩,马海芹,戴德江,王华弟.2015.70%吡虫啉WDG防治杭白菊蚜虫应用技术研究.中国农学通报,31(17):95-99]
Guo GJ,Sun S,Wang XX,Guo YM,Jonh CS,Wang SB,Du YC,Gao JC.2016.Analysis of characteristics of leaf trichome and secondary metabolites related to resistance to type B Bemisia tabaci of tomato.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,43(8):1493-1503(in Chinese)[郭广君,孙帅,王孝宣,国艳梅,Jonh CS,王述彬,杜永臣,高建昌.2016.番茄抗B型烟粉虱相关叶表腺毛性状及其次生代谢物质分析.园艺学报.43(8):1493-1503]
Guo QS,Wang T,Cheng LT,Shen XG,Liang YN,Wang TY,Zhou JS.2008.Study on quality of flavone in various cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium for medicine.China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,33(7):756-759(in Chinese)[郭巧生,汪涛,程俐陶,沈学根,梁迎暖,王桃银,周建松.2008.不同栽培类型药用菊花黄酮类成分比较分析.中国中药杂志,33(7):756-759]
Han BY,Chen ZM.2001.The differences between probing behavior of tea aphids on different parts of tea tree.Journal of Plant Protection,28(1):7-11(in Chinese)[韩宝瑜,陈宗懋.2001.茶蚜在茶树不同部位上刺探行为的差异.植物保护学报,28(1):7-11]
He YQ,Chen WL,Lu ZY,Zhou CY,Li ZA,Li TS.2015.EPG analysis of feeding behavior of three aphids on citrus reticulate.Journal of Plant Protection,42(2):217-222(in Chinese)[何应琴,陈文龙,鲁卓越,周常勇,李中安,李太盛.2015.柑橘三种蚜虫取食行为的EPG分析.植物保护学报,42(2):217-222]
Jin S,Sun XL,Zhang XZ,Ye NX,Chen ZM.2016.Chemical analysis of 8 tea cultivars with different levels of resistance to Empoasca vitis G?the and a preliminary identification of the chemical basis of this resistance.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,53(3):516-527(in Chinese)[金珊,孙晓玲,张新忠,叶乃兴,陈宗懋.2016.8个茶树品种生化成分分析及抗性成分的初步鉴定.应用昆虫学报,53(3):516-527]
Jiang XW.2005.Major pests damage characteristics and control measures in tea chrysanthemum.Journal of Jianghan University(Natural Science),33(2):74-76,79(in Chinese)[蒋细旺.2005.茶用菊花主要虫害危害特征及防治措施.江汉大学学报(自然科学版),33(2):74-76,79]
Lattanzio V,Arpaia S,Cardinali A,DiVenere D,Linsalata V.2000.Role of endogenous flavonoids in resistance mechanism of vigna to aphids.Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,48(11):5316-5320
Li HS.2000.Plant physiology and biochemistry experiment principle and technology.Beijing:Higher Education Press,pp.184-185,195-197(in Chinese)[李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.高等教育出版社,pp.184-185,195-197]
Li XM,Li JJ,Tang QB,Yan FM.2013.Effects of nicotine on feeding behavior of Bemisia tabaci B and Q biotypes based on EPG and liquid diet sac technique.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,46(10):2041-2049(in Chinese)[李晓敏,李静静,汤清波,闫凤鸣.2013.烟碱对B型和Q型烟粉虱取食行为的影响--基于EPG和液体饲囊技术体系.中国农业科学,46(10):2041-2049]
Liu FH,Kang ZW,Hu XS,Zhang ZF,Liu TX.2017.Effects of foliage nutrients of different wheat cultivars on the grain aphid Sitobion avenae(Hemiptera:Aphididae).Journal of Plant Protection,44(2):305-311(in Chinese)[刘芳华,康志伟,胡想顺,张战凤,刘同先.2017.小麦叶片营养物质与抗麦长管蚜的相关性分析.植物保护学报,44(2):305-311]
Ni GY,Zhu LW,Niu JF,Zhao XH,Zhang ZZ,Zhao PQ.2014.Growth and chemical defense in three Asteraceae invasive weeds in lower subtropical China.Ecology and Environmental Sciences,23(1):1-6(in Chinese)[倪广艳,朱丽薇,牛俊峰,赵秀华,张振振,赵培强.2014.三种菊科入侵植物的生长与化学防御的关系研究.生态环境学报,23(1):1-6]
Njom HA,Mebalo J,Terefe TG,Ndip RN,Bradley G.2017.Phenolics and their potential as biochemical markers for wheat rust and Russian wheat aphid resistance in South Africa.African Journal of Soil Science,5(5):426-434
Shen Y,Dai DJ,Shen Y.2017.Investigation on the use of pesticides in Chrysanthemum morifolium in Zhejiang and countermeasures.Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,58(3):438-441(in Chinese)[沈瑶,戴德江,沈颖.2017.浙江省杭白菊农药使用情况调查及对策建议.浙江农业科学,58(3):438-441]
Tang QY,Feng MG,2010.DPS data processing system:experimental design,statistical analysis and data mining.Beijing:Science Press(in Chinese)[唐启义,冯明光.2010.DPS数据处理系统:实验设计、统计分析及数据挖掘.北京:科学出版社]
Yang Z,Lv ZP,Huang RL,Cao FS,Luo SY.2017.Content of Bt protein in different backgrounds of rice and its effect on insect resistance.Journal of Plant Protection,44(6):1017-1023(in Chinese)[杨宙,吕再萍,黄仁良,曹丰生,罗世友.2017.Bt蛋白在水稻不同遗传背景下的含量及对抗虫性的影响.植物保护学报,44(6):1017-1023]
Zhang CT,Chen Y,Cai JW,Song XL.2010.Integrated control of disease and insect pests and pollutant-free cultivation techniques of ornamental Dendranthema morifolium.China Plant Protection,30(3):25-27(in Chinese)[张春桃,陈轶,蔡建武,宋学林.2010.观赏性杭白菊病虫害综合防治及无公害栽培技术.中国植保导刊,30(3):25-27]
Zhang WP,Liu BM,Zhang S,Wan FH,Chu D.2016.Comparison of feeding behavior between two Bemisia tabaci strains using EPGtechnique.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,49(13):2544-2552(in Chinese)[张文平,刘佰明,张珊,万方浩,褚栋.2016.基于EPG技术的烟粉虱两个品系取食行为的比较.中国农业科学,49(13):2544-2552]
Zheng YT,Wang MX,Cui L,Han SJ,Yu PF,Han BY.2017.Resistance of tea cultivars to the tea green leafhopper analyzed by EPG technique and their resistance-related substances.Acta Ecologica Sinica,37(23):8015-8028(in Chinese)[郑雨婷,王梦馨,崔林,韩善捷,俞鹏飞,韩宝瑜.2017.基于EPG技术分析茶树品种对茶小绿叶蝉的抗性及其相关的抗性物质.生态学报,37(23):8015-8028]
Zhu Y,Wang MX,Cui L,Han BY.2018.Effects of external morphology of two main Chrysanthemum cultivars of Hangbaiju on its resistance to Macrosiphoniella sanborni(Gillette).Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,45(6):1143-1146(in Chinese)[祝愿,王梦馨,崔林,韩宝瑜.2018.2个杭菊主栽品种形色差异及其与菊小长管蚜数的相关性.安徽农业大学学报,45(5):1143-1146]