2012-2016年上海市黄浦区职业人群烟草流行监测结果分析
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摘要
目的了解上海市黄浦区不同职业人群的烟草流行情况,为相关部门制定控烟策略提供技术支持。方法在2012-2016年每年的第四季度,采用偶遇抽样的方法 ,抽取黄浦区职业人群5 987人进行问卷调查,2012-2016年分别调查1 622人、1 134人、1 095人、1 071人和1 065人。调查内容包括现在吸烟情况、被动吸烟情况及对工作场所全面禁烟的态度,采用SPSS 21. 0软件进行统计分析。结果监测对象的现在吸烟率为20. 1%,按性别构成进行标化处理后,2012-2016年现在吸烟率分别为18. 5%、23. 2%、20. 0%、21. 5%、17. 7%。职业人群工作场所被动吸烟率为35. 1%,经标化后2012-2016年分别为39. 9%、33. 0%、39. 5%、38. 3%、22. 1%。94. 2%的监测对象支持工作场所全面禁烟,2012-2016年的标化率分别为95. 4%、90. 0%、92. 6%、94. 7%、98. 1%。结论 2012-2016年上海市黄浦区职业人群的现在吸烟率和被动吸烟率处于较高水平,对工作场所全面禁烟的支持率较高,有利于工作场所全面禁烟措施的落实。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of tobacco smoking in different occupational groups in Huangpu District,Shanghai City,and to offer references for the relative departments to formulate smoking control strategies. Methods Accidental sampling method was used to select 5,987 individuals among occupational population in Huangpu District in the fourth quarter of each year from 2012 to 2016,and questionnaire surveys on current smoking status,passive smoking status and banning smoking in all workplaces were conducted separately in 1,622 individuals in 2012,1,134 in 2013,1,095 in 2014,1,071 in 2015 and 1,065 in 2016. SPSS21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence rate of current smoking in the surveyed individuals was 20.1%. After the standardized processing according to gender composition,the prevalence rates of current smoking in2012-2016 were 18.5%,23.2%,20.0%,21.5% and 17.7% respectively. The prevalence rate of passive smoking in workplaces in occupational population was 35.1%,after the standardized processing,the prevalence rates of passive smoking in 2012-2016 were39.9%,33.0%,39. 5%,38. 3% and 22. 1% respectively. 94. 2% of the surveyed individuals supported banning smoking in all workplaces,and the standardized rates in 2012-2016 were 95. 4%,90.0%,92.6%,94.7% and 98.1% respectively. Conclusions The prevalence rates of current smoking and passive smoking in occupational population in Huangpu District of Shanghai City in 2012-2016 were high. The rate of support for banning smoking in all workplaces was high,which was conducive to the implementation of banning smoking in all workplaces.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of tobacco smoking in different occupational groups in Huangpu District,Shanghai City,and to offer references for the relative departments to formulate smoking control strategies. Methods Accidental sampling method was used to select 5,987 individuals among occupational population in Huangpu District in the fourth quarter of each year from 2012 to 2016,and questionnaire surveys on current smoking status,passive smoking status and banning smoking in all workplaces were conducted separately in 1,622 individuals in 2012,1,134 in 2013,1,095 in 2014,1,071 in 2015 and 1,065 in 2016. SPSS21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence rate of current smoking in the surveyed individuals was 20.1%. After the standardized processing according to gender composition,the prevalence rates of current smoking in2012-2016 were 18.5%,23.2%,20.0%,21.5% and 17.7% respectively. The prevalence rate of passive smoking in workplaces in occupational population was 35.1%,after the standardized processing,the prevalence rates of passive smoking in 2012-2016 were39.9%,33.0%,39. 5%,38. 3% and 22. 1% respectively. 94. 2% of the surveyed individuals supported banning smoking in all workplaces,and the standardized rates in 2012-2016 were 95. 4%,90.0%,92.6%,94.7% and 98.1% respectively. Conclusions The prevalence rates of current smoking and passive smoking in occupational population in Huangpu District of Shanghai City in 2012-2016 were high. The rate of support for banning smoking in all workplaces was high,which was conducive to the implementation of banning smoking in all workplaces.
引文
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[2] Lim SS,Vos T,Flaxman AD,et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions,1990-2010:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010[J]. Lancet,2012,380(9859):2224-2260.
[3] World Health Organization. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic,2013[R]. Geneva:WHO Press,2013:1-2.
[4]中华网.中国人群吸烟率达27. 7%烟民5年增长1 500万[EB/OL].(2015-12-29)[2017-12-25]. http://news. china. com/domesticgd/10000159/20151229/21032935. html.
[5]李威,郑文龙,徐忠良,等.家庭环境中控烟干预措施实施效果评价[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(9):1025-1027.
[6] Clarke R,Bennett DA. Mendelian randomization study of tobacco smoking and cardiovascular risk factors:hazards of tobacco smoking greatly outweigh any benefits[J]. Int J Epidemiol,2014,43(5):1471-1472.
[7]黄正京,王丽敏,张梅,等.中国2012年18~59岁就业流动人口吸烟状况分析[J].中华流行病学杂,2014,35(11):1192-1197.
[8]赵广宇.广东省居民吸烟行为及危险因素探讨[J].中国卫生统计,2013,33(4):561-562.
[9]胡军霞,唐红,李春燕,等. 2013年西安市居民烟草流行状况调查[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(5):542-546.
[10]胡文斌,邵勇,张婷,等. 2012年江苏省昆山市成人吸烟现况调查[J].中国健康教育,2016,33(10):904-907.
[11]刘晓霞,姚海宏,鲍萍萍,等.上海市户籍居民吸烟行为及二手烟暴露现状分析[J].环境与职业医学,2016,33(10):925-930.
[12]虞慧婷,靳文正,钱耐思,等.上海市女性二手烟暴露对新生儿不良出生结局的归因分析[J].环境与职业医学,2016,33(10):954-958.
[13]沈文达,李威,郑文龙,等. 2013年天津市城区居民对烟草危害认知及态度的调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(9):1032-1035.