云南维西那米鸡蛋品质分析
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摘要
【目的】揭示云南维西那米鸡的种质特征。【方法】对400日龄维西那米鸡60枚种蛋的蛋重、蛋形指数、哈氏单位、蛋比重、蛋壳强度、蛋白高度、蛋黄颜色、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳颜色、种蛋血斑率和种蛋肉斑率等蛋品质指标进行了测定,并分析了指标间的相关性。【结果】那米鸡的蛋重为(58.01±0.70) g,蛋形指数为1.33±0.01,哈氏单位为80.75±1.18,蛋比重为1.109±0.001,蛋壳强度为(33.59±0.94) N,蛋白高度为(6.59±0.19) mm,蛋黄色度指数为10.09±0.14,蛋壳厚度为(0.37±0.004) mm;该鸡蛋壳颜色包含褐色、浅褐色和白色3种类型,所占比率分别为32.20%、59.32%和8.47%;种蛋肉斑率为1.69%,种蛋血斑率为5.08%。那米鸡蛋重高于云南其他地方鸡种,且在中国已报道的地方鸡中都处于较高水平;蛋形指数在云南地方鸡中处于中等偏上水平,蛋壳颜色以浅褐色为主,蛋白黏稠度好。【结论】那米鸡蛋品质优于云南大部分其他地方鸡种,研究结果可为维西那米鸡种质资源特性评价提供依据。
[Purpose]In order to reveal the germplasm characteristics of Nami chicken in Weixi County, Yunnan Province.[Methods]The standard egg quality indexes of 60 eggs of 400-day-old this chicken, such as egg weight, egg shape index, Haugh unit, specific gravity of eggs, shell strength,albumen height, yolk color, shell thickness, shell color, meat spot and blood spot rates in eggs were tested and the correlation between the indexes was also analyzed.[Results]The egg weight of Nami chicken was(58.01±0.70) g, the egg shape index was 1.33±0.01, the Haugh unit was 80.75±1.18, the egg specific gravity was 1.109±0.001, the eggshell strength was(33.59±0.94) N, the albumen height was(6.59±0.19) mm the yolk chromaticity index was 10.09±0.14, and the eggshell thickness was(0.37±0.004) mm. Eggshell color of this chicken included brown, light brown and white, accounting for 32.20%, 59.32% and 8.47%, respectively. The percentage of meat spots and blood spots in eggs were 1.69% and 5.08%, respectively. The egg weight of Nami chicken is higher than that of other indigenous chickens in Yunnan Province, and it is at a high level among the reported indigenous chickens in China. The egg shape index of Nami chicken is above the middle level of other Yunnan indigenous chickens. The egg shell color of Nami chicken is mainly light brown, and its egg protein viscosity is good.[Conclusion]The egg quality of Nami chicken is better than most other indigenous breeds in Yunnan, and the results in this study can provide some basis for the evaluation of the germplasm characteristics of Nami chicken.
[Purpose]In order to reveal the germplasm characteristics of Nami chicken in Weixi County, Yunnan Province.[Methods]The standard egg quality indexes of 60 eggs of 400-day-old this chicken, such as egg weight, egg shape index, Haugh unit, specific gravity of eggs, shell strength,albumen height, yolk color, shell thickness, shell color, meat spot and blood spot rates in eggs were tested and the correlation between the indexes was also analyzed.[Results]The egg weight of Nami chicken was(58.01±0.70) g, the egg shape index was 1.33±0.01, the Haugh unit was 80.75±1.18, the egg specific gravity was 1.109±0.001, the eggshell strength was(33.59±0.94) N, the albumen height was(6.59±0.19) mm the yolk chromaticity index was 10.09±0.14, and the eggshell thickness was(0.37±0.004) mm. Eggshell color of this chicken included brown, light brown and white, accounting for 32.20%, 59.32% and 8.47%, respectively. The percentage of meat spots and blood spots in eggs were 1.69% and 5.08%, respectively. The egg weight of Nami chicken is higher than that of other indigenous chickens in Yunnan Province, and it is at a high level among the reported indigenous chickens in China. The egg shape index of Nami chicken is above the middle level of other Yunnan indigenous chickens. The egg shell color of Nami chicken is mainly light brown, and its egg protein viscosity is good.[Conclusion]The egg quality of Nami chicken is better than most other indigenous breeds in Yunnan, and the results in this study can provide some basis for the evaluation of the germplasm characteristics of Nami chicken.
引文
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[19]董志梅,刘晓晓,龙君江,等.不同地方鸡种蛋品质比较和相关性分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(3):111.DOI:10.13881/j.cnki.hljxmsy.2016.0214.
[20]廖云琼,康永刚,王伟.蛋壳颜色对种蛋孵化率的影响[J].中国家禽,2010,32(21):49.DOI:10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2010.21.016.
[21]李光奇,樊世杰,韩文朋,等.褐壳蛋蛋壳颜色与鸡蛋品质相关性分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(23):10.DOI:10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2016.23.003.
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[23]李小利.哈氏单位是检验鸡蛋品质的重要指标[J].检验检疫学刊,2013,23(2):48.
[2]黎雄,王胜萍,赖炳群,等.添加不同剂量β-胡萝卜素对鸡蛋蛋黄颜色影响观察[J].江西畜牧兽医杂志,2017(4):14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2342.2017.04.009.
[3]杨永军,段国军,田仁明,等.华坪乌骨鸡遗传资源调查与种质特性评价[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2012,27(3):353.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-390X(n).2012.03.009.
[4]和珊珊,王桂瑛,程志斌,等.云南地方鸡种蛋品质与营养成分研究[J].农产品加工(学刊),2013(22):75.DOI:10.3969/jissn.1671-9646(X).2013.11.054.
[5]刘丽仙,霍金龙,杨晓花,等.武定鸡绿壳蛋系的蛋品质分析[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2007,22(4):551.DOI:10.16211/j.issn.1004-390x(n).2007.04.033.
[6]杨进成,李志敏.南涧无量山绿耳乌鸡遗传资源调查与分析[J].四川畜牧兽医,2008(2):32.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8964.2008.02.013.
[7]陆晓屏,段治华,杨开梅,等.他留乌骨鸡种质资源特性及保护开发策略[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(26):14460.DOI:10.13989/j.cnki.0517-6611.2010.26.158.
[8]冯静.3个品种鸡的蛋品质比较研究[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2016,37(11):12.DOI:10.16003/j.cnki.issn1672-5190.2016.11.005.
[9]张文跟,陶林,赵智荣,等.贵妃鸡鲜蛋蛋品质的测定和相关分析[J].家禽科学,2013(8):7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1085.2013.08.002.
[10]李新殿,卢欣月,董爽,等.乌鸡种蛋的若干数量性状对其孵化率的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(16):191.DOI:10.13881/j.cnki.hljxmsy.2016.1511.
[11]维西傈僳族自治县县志编纂委员会.维西傈僳族自治县年鉴2016[M].昆明:云南民族出版社,2016.
[12]田向学,刘晓明,张克刚,等.不同品种鸡蛋品质与蛋营养物质分析比较[J].家禽科学,2009(11):31.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1085.2009.11.014.
[13]贾久满,张丽娜.不同品种鸡蛋的蛋品质及营养成分比较[J].江苏农业科学,2017(14):152.DOI:10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2017.14.043.
[14]于雷,董传豪,王爱华,等.藏鸡和肉鸡种蛋品质的比较分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2013,45(11):50.
[15]赵振华,黎寿丰,黄华云,等.蛋重与蛋形指数对邵伯鸡种蛋孵化性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2010,32(19):64.DOI:10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2010.19.022.
[16]刘小辉,李祥龙,周荣艳,等.蛋重与蛋形指数对坝上长尾鸡种蛋孵化性能的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(13):3196.DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.13.033.
[17]李琦章,章玲玲,章世元,等.同一保种基地内地方鸡种蛋品质的比较与分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(23):6.
[18]沈曼曼,王克华,曲亮,等.徐海长距鸡种质特性研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(19):20.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-7033.2014.19.005.
[19]董志梅,刘晓晓,龙君江,等.不同地方鸡种蛋品质比较和相关性分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(3):111.DOI:10.13881/j.cnki.hljxmsy.2016.0214.
[20]廖云琼,康永刚,王伟.蛋壳颜色对种蛋孵化率的影响[J].中国家禽,2010,32(21):49.DOI:10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2010.21.016.
[21]李光奇,樊世杰,韩文朋,等.褐壳蛋蛋壳颜色与鸡蛋品质相关性分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(23):10.DOI:10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2016.23.003.
[22]KUMAR A,DAS K,MUKHERJEE K,et al.Frequency of different shell color and its effect on the fertility and hatchability in Black rock,Gramapriya and Vanaraja breeds of chicken[J].Veterinary World,2012,5(10):594.DOI:10.5455/vetworld.2012.594-598.
[23]李小利.哈氏单位是检验鸡蛋品质的重要指标[J].检验检疫学刊,2013,23(2):48.