土壤活性有机碳测定方法的改良
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摘要
土壤碳库是陆地生态系统中最大的碳库,活性有机碳作为土壤碳库中最活跃的组分,对土壤碳含量的变化和碳排放具有较好的指示作用。目前活性有机碳的测定主要采用333 mmol L~(-1)KMnO_4氧化方法,然而该方法存在诸多不足,需要进行改良。采用改良方法(1:0.2 K_2Cr_2O_7-H_2SO_4)和KMnO_4法测定我国农田生态系统5个长期施肥站点土壤活性有机碳的含量。两种方法测定的土壤活性有机碳含量存在极显著的线性回归关系,且在各地点和施肥处理下均呈极显著的线性关系;改良方法测定的标准误和变异系数都比KMnO_4方法低;并且改良方法所需设备简单、操作简便快速等优点。因此本研究的改良方法与KMnO_4法相比具有一定的优势,可以考虑作为土壤活性有机碳测定的改良方法。
Soil is the largest carbon(C) pool in terrestrial ecosystems. As the most labile component of soil C pool,labile organic C is a good indicator of soil C content and C emission. At present, the labile organic C is mainly determined by the oxidation method of 333 mmol L-1 KMnO_4. However, this method has many shortcomings and needs to be improved. The content of labile organic C at the five long-term fertilization sites of farmland ecosystem in China was determined by the improved method(1∶0.2 K_2Cr_2O_7-H_2SO_4) and KMnO_4 method respectively. The results showed that there was a significant linear regression relationship between the contents of soil organic C determined by the two methods, and the relationship was not affected by soil types and the fertilization treatments. The standard error and coefficient of variation of the modified method were both lower than those of the KMnO_4 method. And the modified method had the advantages of simple equipment and easy operation and so on. Therefore, the modified method in this study could be considered as the improved method for determining soil labile organic C.
Soil is the largest carbon(C) pool in terrestrial ecosystems. As the most labile component of soil C pool,labile organic C is a good indicator of soil C content and C emission. At present, the labile organic C is mainly determined by the oxidation method of 333 mmol L-1 KMnO_4. However, this method has many shortcomings and needs to be improved. The content of labile organic C at the five long-term fertilization sites of farmland ecosystem in China was determined by the improved method(1∶0.2 K_2Cr_2O_7-H_2SO_4) and KMnO_4 method respectively. The results showed that there was a significant linear regression relationship between the contents of soil organic C determined by the two methods, and the relationship was not affected by soil types and the fertilization treatments. The standard error and coefficient of variation of the modified method were both lower than those of the KMnO_4 method. And the modified method had the advantages of simple equipment and easy operation and so on. Therefore, the modified method in this study could be considered as the improved method for determining soil labile organic C.
引文
[1]沈宏,曹志洪,胡正义.土壤活性有机碳的表征及其生态效应[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(3):32-38.
[2]胡海清,陆昕,孙龙.土壤活性有机碳分组及测定方法[J].森林工程,2012,28(5):18-22.
[3]王海候,金梅娟,陆长婴,等.秸秆还田模式对农田土壤碳库特性及产量的影响[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(5):755-764.
[4]DING S N,XUE S,LIU G B.Effects of long-term fertilization on oxidizable organic carbon fractions on the loess plateau,China[J].Journal of Arid Land,2016,8(4):579-590.
[5]王清奎,汪思龙,冯宗炜,等.土壤活性有机质及其与土壤质量的关系[J].生态学报,2005,25(3):513-519.
[6]刘淑霞,刘景双,赵明东,等.土壤活性有机碳与养分有效性及作物产量的关系[J].吉林农业大学学报,2003,25(5):539-543.
[7]刘合明,杨志新,刘树庆.不同粒径土壤活性有机碳测定方法的探讨[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(5):2046-2049.
[8]BLAIR G J,LEFROY R,LISLE L.Soil carbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation,and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1995,46(7):393-406.
[9]LEFROY R D B,BLAIR G J,STRONG W M.Changes in soil organic matter with cropping as measured by organic carbon fractions and 13C natural isotope abundance[J].Plant and Soil,1993,155-156(1):399-402.
[10]邵则瑶,黄业海,李酉开.水合热法测定土壤有机质的研究[J].土壤通报,1980,(3):29-32.
[11]BONNY O,BURNIER M.Potential of double-cropped rice ecology to conserve organic carbon under subtropical climate[J].Global Change Biology,2008,14(9):2139-2151.
[12]CHAN K Y,BOWMAN A,Oates A.Oxidizible organic carbon fractions and soil quality changes in an oxic paleustalf under different pasture leys[J].Soil Science,2001,166(1):61-67.
[13]尚杰锋,李金利,荣中波.高锰酸钾标准溶液的稳定性及标定准确性探讨[J].大氮肥,2003,26(2):106-108.
[14]中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:75-77
[15]WALKLEY A J,BLACK I A.An examination of the degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter,and a proposed modification of the chromic a cid titration method[J].Soil Science,1934,37(1):29-38.
[16]WALKLEY A.A critical examination of a rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils-effect of variations in digestion conditions and of inorganic soil constituents[J].Soil Science,1947,63(63):251-264.
[17]BHATTACHARYYA R,KUNDU S,SRIVASTVA A K,et al.Long term fertilization effects on soil organic carbon pools in a sandy loam soil of the Indian sub-Himalayas[J].Plant and Soil,2011,341:109-124.
[18]郑红.土壤活性有机碳的研究进展[J].中国林副特产,2011,(6):90-94.
[19]柳敏,宇万太,姜子绍,等.土壤活性有机碳[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(11):1412-1417.
[20]郭振,王小利,段建军.土壤活性有机碳的监测及在土地管理中的应用[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(4):55-63.
[21]朱锡明,韩春爽,娄玉杰,等.土壤有机碳稳定性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(21):29-34.
[22]陈怀满.环境土壤学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[23]张瑞,张贵龙,姬艳艳,等.不同施肥措施对土壤活性有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(1):277-282.
[24]于荣,徐明岗,王伯仁,等.土壤活性有机质测定方法的比较[J].土壤肥料,2005,(2):49-52.
[25]徐明岗,于荣,孙小凤,等.长期施肥对我国典型土壤活性有机质及碳库管理指数的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(4):459-465.
[26]陆昕,孙龙,胡海清.森林土壤活性有机碳影响因素[J].森林工程,2013,29(1):9-14.
[27]王贵胤,张世熔,周玲,等.不同试剂提取紫色土溶解性有机碳含量研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2184-2189.
[2]胡海清,陆昕,孙龙.土壤活性有机碳分组及测定方法[J].森林工程,2012,28(5):18-22.
[3]王海候,金梅娟,陆长婴,等.秸秆还田模式对农田土壤碳库特性及产量的影响[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(5):755-764.
[4]DING S N,XUE S,LIU G B.Effects of long-term fertilization on oxidizable organic carbon fractions on the loess plateau,China[J].Journal of Arid Land,2016,8(4):579-590.
[5]王清奎,汪思龙,冯宗炜,等.土壤活性有机质及其与土壤质量的关系[J].生态学报,2005,25(3):513-519.
[6]刘淑霞,刘景双,赵明东,等.土壤活性有机碳与养分有效性及作物产量的关系[J].吉林农业大学学报,2003,25(5):539-543.
[7]刘合明,杨志新,刘树庆.不同粒径土壤活性有机碳测定方法的探讨[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(5):2046-2049.
[8]BLAIR G J,LEFROY R,LISLE L.Soil carbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation,and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1995,46(7):393-406.
[9]LEFROY R D B,BLAIR G J,STRONG W M.Changes in soil organic matter with cropping as measured by organic carbon fractions and 13C natural isotope abundance[J].Plant and Soil,1993,155-156(1):399-402.
[10]邵则瑶,黄业海,李酉开.水合热法测定土壤有机质的研究[J].土壤通报,1980,(3):29-32.
[11]BONNY O,BURNIER M.Potential of double-cropped rice ecology to conserve organic carbon under subtropical climate[J].Global Change Biology,2008,14(9):2139-2151.
[12]CHAN K Y,BOWMAN A,Oates A.Oxidizible organic carbon fractions and soil quality changes in an oxic paleustalf under different pasture leys[J].Soil Science,2001,166(1):61-67.
[13]尚杰锋,李金利,荣中波.高锰酸钾标准溶液的稳定性及标定准确性探讨[J].大氮肥,2003,26(2):106-108.
[14]中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:75-77
[15]WALKLEY A J,BLACK I A.An examination of the degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter,and a proposed modification of the chromic a cid titration method[J].Soil Science,1934,37(1):29-38.
[16]WALKLEY A.A critical examination of a rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils-effect of variations in digestion conditions and of inorganic soil constituents[J].Soil Science,1947,63(63):251-264.
[17]BHATTACHARYYA R,KUNDU S,SRIVASTVA A K,et al.Long term fertilization effects on soil organic carbon pools in a sandy loam soil of the Indian sub-Himalayas[J].Plant and Soil,2011,341:109-124.
[18]郑红.土壤活性有机碳的研究进展[J].中国林副特产,2011,(6):90-94.
[19]柳敏,宇万太,姜子绍,等.土壤活性有机碳[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(11):1412-1417.
[20]郭振,王小利,段建军.土壤活性有机碳的监测及在土地管理中的应用[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(4):55-63.
[21]朱锡明,韩春爽,娄玉杰,等.土壤有机碳稳定性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(21):29-34.
[22]陈怀满.环境土壤学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[23]张瑞,张贵龙,姬艳艳,等.不同施肥措施对土壤活性有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(1):277-282.
[24]于荣,徐明岗,王伯仁,等.土壤活性有机质测定方法的比较[J].土壤肥料,2005,(2):49-52.
[25]徐明岗,于荣,孙小凤,等.长期施肥对我国典型土壤活性有机质及碳库管理指数的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(4):459-465.
[26]陆昕,孙龙,胡海清.森林土壤活性有机碳影响因素[J].森林工程,2013,29(1):9-14.
[27]王贵胤,张世熔,周玲,等.不同试剂提取紫色土溶解性有机碳含量研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2184-2189.