造林密度对材用樟树幼林生长和蓄积量的影响
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摘要
以7年生不同造林密度樟树人工林为研究对象,通过分析林分平均胸径、树高、枝下高、冠幅、单株材积和蓄积量等指标,探究造林密度对樟树幼林林分生长及林分蓄积量的影响。结果表明:1)随着造林密度的增大,樟树林分平均胸径、冠幅和单株材积均呈现减小的规律,造林密度为833株·hm~(-2)时平均胸径、冠幅和单株材积均最大;2)造林密度对林分平均树高的影响较小,枝下高随造林密度的增大而逐渐增高,造林密度为2 500株·hm~(-2)时林分枝下高最高;3)随着造林密度的增大,林分蓄积量呈现先增大后减小的规律,造林密度为1 111株·hm~(-2)时林分蓄积量达到最大值;4)各密度条件下林分胸径生长过程相似,但胸径生长旺盛期的持续时间随造林密度的增大而逐渐减少,造林密度为833株·hm~(-2)时胸径生长旺盛期持续时间最长;5)不同密度林分单株材积连年生长量呈先增大后减小的趋势,林分单株材积快速增长期持续时间随造林密度的增大而减少;6)综合考虑,樟树人工林适宜造林密度为1 111株·hm~(-2),合理造林密度范围为1 111～1 667株·hm~(-2)。
In order to explore the effects of planting densities on the growth and stand volume of young Cinnamonum camphora plantations,7-year-old C.camphora plantations with different planting densities were analyzed by measuring stand average DBH,tree height,height under branch,crown width,individual volume and stand volume.The results show that:1)The average DBH,crown width and individual volume decreased with increasing planting density,the average DBH,crown width and individual volume reached the maximum when the stand density was 833 strains·hm~(-2);2)The influence of planting density on average tree height of stands was relatively small.,while the height under branch increased with the increase of stand density,And the height under branch reached the maximum when the stand density was 2 500 strains·hm~(-2);3)With the increase of afforestation density,the stand volume of forest stand increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum when the stand density was 1 111 strains·hm~(-2);4)The growth process of DBH at each stand densities had the similar process,however,the duration of the vigorous growth of DBH gradually decreased with the increase of afforestation density,and the longest duration of DBH growth was when the afforestation density to be 833 plants·hm~(-2);5)The current annual increment of individual tree volume of different densities increased first and then decreased,and the duration of rapid growth of stand volume per plant decreased with increasing planting density;6)Considering comprehensively,the suitable afforestation density of camphor plantation is 1 111 plants·hm~(-2),and the reasonable afforestation density ranges from 1 111 to 1 667 plants·hm~(-2).
In order to explore the effects of planting densities on the growth and stand volume of young Cinnamonum camphora plantations,7-year-old C.camphora plantations with different planting densities were analyzed by measuring stand average DBH,tree height,height under branch,crown width,individual volume and stand volume.The results show that:1)The average DBH,crown width and individual volume decreased with increasing planting density,the average DBH,crown width and individual volume reached the maximum when the stand density was 833 strains·hm~(-2);2)The influence of planting density on average tree height of stands was relatively small.,while the height under branch increased with the increase of stand density,And the height under branch reached the maximum when the stand density was 2 500 strains·hm~(-2);3)With the increase of afforestation density,the stand volume of forest stand increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum when the stand density was 1 111 strains·hm~(-2);4)The growth process of DBH at each stand densities had the similar process,however,the duration of the vigorous growth of DBH gradually decreased with the increase of afforestation density,and the longest duration of DBH growth was when the afforestation density to be 833 plants·hm~(-2);5)The current annual increment of individual tree volume of different densities increased first and then decreased,and the duration of rapid growth of stand volume per plant decreased with increasing planting density;6)Considering comprehensively,the suitable afforestation density of camphor plantation is 1 111 plants·hm~(-2),and the reasonable afforestation density ranges from 1 111 to 1 667 plants·hm~(-2).
引文
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[21]列志旸,许松葵,薛立,等.密度对山毛豆幼林生长的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(1):69-73.
[22]祁万宜,孙晓梅,张守攻,等.北亚热带高山区日本落叶松纸浆用材林初植密度的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2007,26(4):552-556.
[23]ZHANG C,ZHAO X,GADOW K V.Maximum density patterns in two natural forests:an analysis based on large observational field studies in China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2015,346:98-105.
[24]TRUAX B,FORTIER J,GAGNON D,et al.Planting density and site effects on stem dimensions,stand productivity,biomass partitioning,carbon stocks and soil nutrient supply in hybrid poplar plantations[J].Forests,2018,9(6):293.
[25]王春胜,赵志刚,曾冀,等.广西凭祥西南桦中幼林林木生长过程与造林密度的关系[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(2):257-262.
[2]徐有明,林汉,江泽慧,等.樟树人工林株间株内材性变异及其材性预测的研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(4):92-98.
[3]钟永达,田晓娟,李彦强,等.材用樟树研究进展[J].江西科学,2017,35(6):859-863.
[4]李志辉,李柏海,祁承经,等.我国南方珍贵用材树种资源的重要性及其发展策略[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(11):1-8.
[5]李洁冰,闫文德,马秀红.亚热带樟树林凋落物量及其养分动态特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(5):223-228.
[6]任华东,姚小华.樟树种子性状产地表型变异研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2000,22(3):370-375.
[7]文丽,雷丕锋,戴凌.不同林龄樟树林土壤碳氮贮量及分布特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(6):106-111.
[8]叶润燕,童再康,张俊红,等.樟树茎段组培快繁[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(1):177-182.
[9]谭桂菲,武建云,吴际友,等.15年生香樟人工林生长规律研究[J].广西林业科学,2018,47(1):41-46.
[10]胡凌,商侃侃,张庆费,等.密度调控对香樟人工林林木生长及空间分布的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(2):20-25.
[11]孟宪宇.测树学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[12]梁林峰.基于Excel函数及图表工具的树干解析方法[J].林业调查规划,2015,40(6):11-16.
[13]翟明普,沈国舫.森林培育学[M].3版.北京:中国林业出版社,2016.
[14]田新辉,孙荣喜,李军,等.107杨人工林密度对林木生长的影响[J].林业科学,2011,47(3):184-188.
[15]ZHAO D,KANE M,BORDERS BE.Growth responses to planting density and management intensity in loblolly pine plantations in the southeastern USA Lower Coastal Plain[J].Annals of Forest Science,2011,68(3):625-635.
[16]BURKES EC,WILL RE,BARRON-GAFFORD GA,et al.Biomass partitioning and growth efficiency of intensively managed Pinus taeda and Pinus elliotti stands of different planting densities[J].Forest Science,2003,49(2):224-234.
[17]张立超,高婕,林佳慧,等.造林密度对黄梁木幼林生长和林分蓄积的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(4):63-68.
[18]贾亚运,何宗明,周丽丽,等.造林密度对杉木幼林生长及空间利用的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(5):1177-1181.
[19]XUE L,PAN L,ZHANG R,et al.Density effects on the growth of self-thinning Eucalyptus urophylla stands[J].Trees,2011,25(6):1021-1031.
[20]HUMMEL S.Height,diameter and crown dimensions of Cordia alliodora associated with tree density[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2000,127(1):31-40.
[21]列志旸,许松葵,薛立,等.密度对山毛豆幼林生长的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(1):69-73.
[22]祁万宜,孙晓梅,张守攻,等.北亚热带高山区日本落叶松纸浆用材林初植密度的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2007,26(4):552-556.
[23]ZHANG C,ZHAO X,GADOW K V.Maximum density patterns in two natural forests:an analysis based on large observational field studies in China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2015,346:98-105.
[24]TRUAX B,FORTIER J,GAGNON D,et al.Planting density and site effects on stem dimensions,stand productivity,biomass partitioning,carbon stocks and soil nutrient supply in hybrid poplar plantations[J].Forests,2018,9(6):293.
[25]王春胜,赵志刚,曾冀,等.广西凭祥西南桦中幼林林木生长过程与造林密度的关系[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(2):257-262.