Sn对时效态ZM61镁合金高温力学性能的影响
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摘要
利用金相显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和高温拉伸对时效态ZM61-xSn(x=0,6,8,10,质量分数/%,下同)合金的高温拉伸性能及断裂机制进行了研究。结果表明:ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)合金的物相由α-Mg,α-Mn,MgZn2,Mg2Sn相组成。添加Sn元素可有效细化ZM61合金组织,提高合金高温强度,但降低合金塑性。ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)合金在300℃下拉伸的抗拉强度分别为149,140,145MPa,较相同温度下拉伸的ZM61合金的抗拉强度分别提高了26%,17%,23%。ZM61-xSn(x=0,6,8,10)合金在300℃下拉伸的伸长率分别为39.95%,5.65%,7.01%和6.33%。拉伸温度对ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)合金的断裂机制产生显著影响。当拉伸温度低于220℃,合金为穿晶断裂;高于220℃时,合金变为沿晶断裂。
The elevated temperature mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of as-aged ZM61-xSn(x=0,6,8,10,mass fraction/%)alloys are investigated by optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and high temperature tensile test.The results show that the phase compositions of ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)alloys areα-Mg,α-Mn,MgZn2 and Mg2Sn phases.The Sn element can refine the microstructure,improve the high temperature tensile strength,but deteriorate the elongation of ZM61 alloy.The ultimate tensile strength of ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)alloys with tensile test at 300℃are 149,140,145 MPa,compared with ZM61 alloy which is carried out tensile test at the same temperature,the tensile strength increased 26%,17%and 23%,respectively.The elongation of ZM61-xSn(x=0,6,8,10)alloys with tensile test at 300℃ are 39.95%,5.65%,7.01% and 6.33%.The tensile temperature exerts dominating effect for ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)alloys on the fracture mechanism.As tensile temperature lower than 220℃,the alloys show transgranular fracture characteristics.The alloys show intergranular fracture characteristics when the tensile temperature is higher than 220℃.
The elevated temperature mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of as-aged ZM61-xSn(x=0,6,8,10,mass fraction/%)alloys are investigated by optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and high temperature tensile test.The results show that the phase compositions of ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)alloys areα-Mg,α-Mn,MgZn2 and Mg2Sn phases.The Sn element can refine the microstructure,improve the high temperature tensile strength,but deteriorate the elongation of ZM61 alloy.The ultimate tensile strength of ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)alloys with tensile test at 300℃are 149,140,145 MPa,compared with ZM61 alloy which is carried out tensile test at the same temperature,the tensile strength increased 26%,17%and 23%,respectively.The elongation of ZM61-xSn(x=0,6,8,10)alloys with tensile test at 300℃ are 39.95%,5.65%,7.01% and 6.33%.The tensile temperature exerts dominating effect for ZM61-xSn(x=6,8,10)alloys on the fracture mechanism.As tensile temperature lower than 220℃,the alloys show transgranular fracture characteristics.The alloys show intergranular fracture characteristics when the tensile temperature is higher than 220℃.
引文
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[2]LUO A A.Magnesium:current and potential automotive applications[J].JOM,2002,54(2):42-48.
[3]张丁非,耿青梅,杨绪盛,等.新型复合挤压工艺中温度对AZ61组织和性能的影响[J].材料工程,2014,(7):1-4.ZHANG D F,GENG Q M,YANG X S,et al.Effects of temperature in the new compound extrusion on microstructures and properties of AZ61[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2014,(7):1-4.
[4]SESHACHARYULU T,PRASAD Y.Modeling of hot deformation for microstructural control[J].International Materials Reviews,1988,43(6):243-258.
[5]彭建,彭毅,韩韡,等.挤压温度对Mg-2Zn-Mn-0.5Nd镁合金组织和性能的影响[J].材料工程,2015,43(3):23-27.PENG J,PENG Y,HAN W,et al.Effect of extruded temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-2Zn-Mn-0.5Nd alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(3):23-27.
[6]SHA G.Hardening and microstructural reactions in high-temperature equal-channel angular pressed Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2010,527:5092-5099.
[7]KIM D,LIM H,KIM Y,et al.High temperature deformation behavior of Mg-Sn(Zn)alloy[J].Metals&Materials International,2011,17(17):383-388.
[8]YANG H,YONG B,CUI H.High-temperature creep behavior of Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.5Zr alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2012,37(6):25-29.
[9]HASSAN S F,TAN M J,GUPTA M.High-temperature tensile properties of Mg/Al2O3,nanocomposite[J].Materials Science&Engineering:A,2008,486(1-2):56-62.
[10]SASAKI T T,YAMAMOTO K,HONMA T,et al.A highstrength Mg-Sn-Zn-Al alloy extruded at low temperature[J].Scripta Materialia,2008,59(10):1111-1114.
[11]WANG Q,CHEN Y G,XIAO S F,et al.Microstructures,mechanical properties and compressive creep behaviors of as-cast Mg-5%Sn-(0-1.0)%Pb alloys[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2011,18(2):290-295.
[12]SASAKI T T,OHISHI K,OHKUBO T,et al.Enhanced age hardening response by the addition of Zn in Mg-Sn alloys[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,55(3):251-254.
[13]YANG M,M Y,YANG M,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3Sn-1Mn magnesium alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2011,(10):2168-2174.
[14]SHI Z Z,ZHANG W Z,GU X F.Characterization and interpretation of the morphology of a Mg2Sn precipitate with irrational facets in a Mg-Sn-Mn alloy[J].Philosophical Magazine,2011,92(9):1-12.
[15]张丁非,徐杏杏,齐福刚,等.Sn对ZM61合金组织与性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2013,(5):931-936.ZHANG D F,XU X X,QI F G,et al.Effects of Sn on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZM61alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,(5):931-936.
[16]齐福刚.Sn和Ce对Mg-Zn-Mn高强变形镁合金组织和性能的影响[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.QI F G.Effect of Sn and Ce on microstructure and properties of Mg-Zn-Mn high strength wrought alloy[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
[17]罗素琴,潘复生,汤爱涛.含W相Mg-Zn-Zr-Y合金组织和高温力学性能研究[J].热加工工艺,2012,(10):41-44.LUO S Q,PAN F S,TANG A T.Microstructure and mechanical properties at elevated temperature of Mg-Zn-Zr-Y alloy with W phase[J].Hot Working Technology,2012,(10):41-44.
[18]陈振华.耐热镁合金[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[19]王耀贵,李全安,张清,等.Sn在耐热镁合金中的应用[J].轻金属,2011,(12):43-46.WANG Y G,LI Q A,ZHANG Q,et al.Application of Sn in heat resistant magnesium alloy[J].Light Metals,2011,(12):43-46.
[20]谢建昌,李全安,李建弘,等.Ca对AZ81镁合金高温性能的影响[J].轻金属,2007,(12):58-62.XIE J C,LI Q A,LI J H,et al.Influence of Ca on mechanical properties of AZ81Mg alloy[J].Light Metals,2007,(12):58-62.
[21]YOO M H.Slip,twinning,and fracture in hexagonal closepacked metals[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1981,12(3):409-418.
[22]CHOI S H,SHIN E J,SEONG B S.Simulation of deformation twins and deformation texture in an AZ31Mg alloy under uniaxial compression[J].Acta Materialia,2007,55(12):4181-4192.