四川盆地成都——简阳地区二叠系火山岩地震反射特征与岩相分布
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摘要
近期成都—简阳地区永探1井在二叠系钻遇厚层火山碎屑熔岩,优质储层发育,表明成都—简阳地区二叠系火山岩具有巨大的勘探潜力。研究区火山岩岩性、岩相变化快,结构复杂,横向非均质性强,地震反射特征复杂,在剖面上难以直接识别火山岩和火山机构。根据火山岩相的地质特征,结合已有钻井资料、测井响应,开展火山岩地震反射特征研究,建立火山岩不同岩相的地震反射模式。利用对岩性、岩相变化敏感的均方根振幅属性、地震道相似性属性等多种属性的联合识别技术,实现火山岩岩相平面分布预测和火山机构的有效识别和刻画。研究结果表明,成都—简阳地区大面积发育喷溢相和溢流相火山岩,其中最有利火山岩储层发育的近火山口喷溢相呈点状分布,累积面积达到600 km~2,是下一步火山岩油气勘探主要目标区域。
Recently, massive Permian volcaniclastic lava has been drilled from Yongtan 1 well deployed in Chengdu-Jianyang area,indicating that it is high-quality reservoirs and has great exploration potential of Permian volcanic rocks in this area. These rocks are characterized by complex lithofacies, small difference in seismic reflection characteristics from surrounding rocks, and deeper burial depth. Due to poor seismic-data quality, it's difficult to directly identify them and their structure. So, their reflection characteristics were analyzed according to geological characteristics of volcanic-rock facies, combined with available drilling data and logging response. Then, seismic-reflection patterns were established for different volcanic-rock facies. Finally, the plane distribution prediction of lithofacies and the effective identification and characterization of volcanic-rock structure were realized by using an integrated technology to identify multiple attributes sensitive to lithology and lithofacies, including root-mean-square amplitude and trace similarity.It is indicated that volcanic rocks of both effusive facies and overflow facies are extensively developed in Chengdu-Jianyang area. And among them, the near-crater effusive facies most favorable for development of volcanic-rock reservoirs are distributed in the shape of point, with cumulative area of 600 km~2, and they should be the main exploration target area of volcanic-rock oil and gas reservoirs.
Recently, massive Permian volcaniclastic lava has been drilled from Yongtan 1 well deployed in Chengdu-Jianyang area,indicating that it is high-quality reservoirs and has great exploration potential of Permian volcanic rocks in this area. These rocks are characterized by complex lithofacies, small difference in seismic reflection characteristics from surrounding rocks, and deeper burial depth. Due to poor seismic-data quality, it's difficult to directly identify them and their structure. So, their reflection characteristics were analyzed according to geological characteristics of volcanic-rock facies, combined with available drilling data and logging response. Then, seismic-reflection patterns were established for different volcanic-rock facies. Finally, the plane distribution prediction of lithofacies and the effective identification and characterization of volcanic-rock structure were realized by using an integrated technology to identify multiple attributes sensitive to lithology and lithofacies, including root-mean-square amplitude and trace similarity.It is indicated that volcanic rocks of both effusive facies and overflow facies are extensively developed in Chengdu-Jianyang area. And among them, the near-crater effusive facies most favorable for development of volcanic-rock reservoirs are distributed in the shape of point, with cumulative area of 600 km~2, and they should be the main exploration target area of volcanic-rock oil and gas reservoirs.
引文
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[11]陈骁,董霞,冉崎,等.川中-川西地区茅口组顶部地震相特征与成因[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,44(3):362-367.Chen Xiao,Dong Xia,Ran Qi,et al.Characteristics and causes of seismic facies of Middle Permian Maokou Formation in central-western Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2017,44(3):362-367.
[12]高斌,王伟锋,卫平生,等.三种典型火山岩储层的特征和综合预测研究[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(2):207-212.Gao Bin,Wang Weifeng,Wei Pingsheng,et al.Features and comprehensive prediction of three typical volcanic rock reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2013,35(2):207-212.
[13]王璞珺,吴河勇,庞颜明,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:相序、相模式与储层物性的定量关系[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(5):805-812.Wang Pujun,Wu Heyong,Pang Yanming,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao Basin:Sequence,model and the quantitative relationship with porosity&permeability of the volcanic reservoir[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2006,36(5):805-812.
[14]邱家骧,陶奎元,赵俊磊,等.火山岩[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.Qiu Jiaxian,Tao Kuiyuan,Zhao Junlei,et al.Volcanic Rocks[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing press,1996.
[15]徐丽丽.地震属性在准噶尔车排子C3井区火山岩识别中的应用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2010.Xu Lili.Application of seismic attributes technology in the Junggar Chepaizi C3 wells volcanic identification[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2010.
[2]邹才能,赵文智,贾承造,等.中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(3):257-271.Zou Caineng,Zhao Wenzhi,Jia Chengzao,et al.Formation and distribution of Volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in sedimentary basins of China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(3):257-271.
[3]冯志强,刘嘉,王璞珺,等.油气勘探新领域:火山岩油气藏--松辽盆地大型火山岩气田发现的启示[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):269-279.Feng Zhiqiang,Liu Jia,Wang Pujun,et al.New oil and gas exploration field:volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs-Enlightenment from the discovery of the large gas field in Songliao basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(2):269-279.
[4]杨毅,张本健,蒋德生,等.四川盆地西南部上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩成藏模式初探[J].天然气工业,2010,30(5):46-49.Yang Yi,Zhang Benjian,Jiang Desheng,et al.A preliminary study on hydrocarbon pooling patterns of the Upper Permian Emeishan basalts in southwestern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(5):46-49.
[5]邓敏,侯明才,张本健,等.川西南部周公山地区峨眉山玄武岩有利储层分析[J].中国地质,2014,41(2):378-386.Deng Min,Hou Mingcai,Zhang Benjian,et al.Favorable reservoir analysis of Emeishan basalt in Zhougongshan area of southwest Sichuan Province[J].Geology in China,2014,41(2):378-386.
[6]黄籍中,苟学敏.四川盆地二叠系玄武岩非常规气藏气源及勘探前景分析[J].天然气工业,1994,14(5):16-19.Huang Jizhong&Gou Xuemin.Analysis of gas source and exploration potential of Permian basalt unconventional gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1994,14(5):16-19.
[7]李宏博.峨眉山大火成岩省地幔柱动力学:基性岩墙群、地球化学及沉积地层学证据[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.Li Hongbo.Mantle plume geodynamic significances of the Emeishan large igneous province:evidence from mafic dykes,geochemistry and stratigraphic records[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2012.
[8]何斌,徐义刚,肖龙,等.峨眉山大火成岩省的形成机制及空间展布:来自沉积地层学的新证据[J].地质学报,2003,77(2):194-202.He Bin,Xu Yigang,Xiao Long,et al.Generation and Spatial Distribution of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province:New Evidence from Stratigraphic Records[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(2):194-202.
[9]王璞珺,迟元林,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:类型、特征和储层意义[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4):449-456.Wang Pujun,Chi Yuanlin,Liu Wanzhu,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao Basin:Classification,characteristics and reservoir significance[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2003,33(4):449-456.
[10]黄力,王安生,王跃祥,等.火成岩岩性识别与物性测井评价-以准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火成岩为例[J].天然气勘探与开发,2018,41(4):23-31.Huang Li,Wang Ansheng,Wang Yuexiang,et al.Logging lithological identification and petrophysical property evaluation of igneous rocks:Examples from Carboniferous igneous rocks,eastern Junggar basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2018,41(4):23-31.
[11]陈骁,董霞,冉崎,等.川中-川西地区茅口组顶部地震相特征与成因[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,44(3):362-367.Chen Xiao,Dong Xia,Ran Qi,et al.Characteristics and causes of seismic facies of Middle Permian Maokou Formation in central-western Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2017,44(3):362-367.
[12]高斌,王伟锋,卫平生,等.三种典型火山岩储层的特征和综合预测研究[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(2):207-212.Gao Bin,Wang Weifeng,Wei Pingsheng,et al.Features and comprehensive prediction of three typical volcanic rock reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2013,35(2):207-212.
[13]王璞珺,吴河勇,庞颜明,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:相序、相模式与储层物性的定量关系[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(5):805-812.Wang Pujun,Wu Heyong,Pang Yanming,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao Basin:Sequence,model and the quantitative relationship with porosity&permeability of the volcanic reservoir[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2006,36(5):805-812.
[14]邱家骧,陶奎元,赵俊磊,等.火山岩[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.Qiu Jiaxian,Tao Kuiyuan,Zhao Junlei,et al.Volcanic Rocks[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing press,1996.
[15]徐丽丽.地震属性在准噶尔车排子C3井区火山岩识别中的应用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2010.Xu Lili.Application of seismic attributes technology in the Junggar Chepaizi C3 wells volcanic identification[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2010.