我国政府研发补贴与企业创新绩效及研发能力关联性研究
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摘要
以99家上市公司和495家大型企业为研究样本,基于2009～2016年政府补贴、研发投入等相关数据,通过假设模型对数据分析。结果显示:政府补贴与创新绩效之间呈倒"U"型关系,不同补贴对创新绩效的影响不同;政府研发补贴份额与企业创新绩效呈正相关关系,但存在一个阈值限制,当政府研发补贴份额超过这一阈值时,会降低企业创新绩效。此外,企业自身的研发能力、规模、行业技术水平对政府研发补贴的效率都有不同程度的影响。
Taking 99 listed companies and 495 large enterprises as the samples, collecting the relevant data including govern-ment subsidies, R&D investment from 2009 to 2016, this paper analyzes data through hypothetical models. Results show thatthere is a "U" relationship between government subsidies and innovation performance, and different subsidies have differenteffects on innovation performance; government R&D subsidy shares are positively correlated with corporate innovation perform-ance, but there is a threshold limit when government R&D subsidies. When the share exceeds this threshold, it will reducethe innovation performance of the company. In addition, the company's own research and development capabilities, scale, andindustry technology level have different degrees of impact on the efficiency of government R&D subsidies.
Taking 99 listed companies and 495 large enterprises as the samples, collecting the relevant data including govern-ment subsidies, R&D investment from 2009 to 2016, this paper analyzes data through hypothetical models. Results show thatthere is a "U" relationship between government subsidies and innovation performance, and different subsidies have differenteffects on innovation performance; government R&D subsidy shares are positively correlated with corporate innovation perform-ance, but there is a threshold limit when government R&D subsidies. When the share exceeds this threshold, it will reducethe innovation performance of the company. In addition, the company's own research and development capabilities, scale, andindustry technology level have different degrees of impact on the efficiency of government R&D subsidies.
引文
[1] Wu A H. TheSignal Effect of Government R&D Subsidies in China:Do Ownership Matter?[J]. Technological Forecasting&Social Change, 2016(117):339-345.
[2] Wang Y C. R&D Policy Involving Consumer-Friendly Strategy:Cooperative and Non-Cooperative R&D[J]. Journal of Industry Competition&Trade, 2016, 16(2):1-16.
[3] Boeing P. TheAllocation and Effectiveness of China.s R&D Subsidies-Evidence From Listed Firms[J]. Research Policy, 2016, 45(9):1774-1789.
[4]封凯栋,姜子莹.政府政策如何未能有效激励企业创新:从科技补贴的定量分析谈起[J].学习与探索, 2018(1):93-104.
[5]孙海法,王凯,徐福林.政府人才政策与企业人才需求契合关系研究[J].吉林大学社会科学学报, 2016(3):91-100.
[6]王德祥,李昕.政府补贴、政治关联与企业创新投入[J].财政研究, 2017(8):79-89.
[7] Zhang X, Wu J. Research on Effectiveness of the Government R&DSubsidies:Evidence from Large and Medium Enterprises in China[J]. American Journal of Industrial&Business Management,2014, 4(9):503-513.
[8] Chen S, Ni X, Tong J Y. Gender Diversity in the Boardroom andRisk Management:A Case of R&D Investment[J]. Journal of Busi-ness Ethics, 2016, 136(3):599-621.
[9] Yu F, Guo Y, Le-Nguyen K, et al. The Impact of GovernmentSubsidies and Enterprises.R&D Investment:A Panel Data Studyfrom Renewable Energy in China[J]. Energy Policy, 2016, 89(3):106-113.
[10] Feng R. The Research on Venture Capital.s Effect on EarningsManagement of Listed Companies of GEM before IPO:Evidencefrom China[J]. Modern Economy, 2015, 6(5):617-625.
[11] Hud M, Hussinger K. The Impact of R&D Subsidies during theCrisis[J]. Research Policy, 2015, 44(10):1844-1855.
[12] Thomson R, Jensen P. The Effects of Government Subsidies onBusiness R&D Employment:Evidence from OECD Countries[J].National Tax Journal, 2013, 66(2):281-310.
[13]王军,张一飞.政府研发补贴对企业创新以及经济增长的影响——理论依据与政策选择[J].经济社会体制比较, 2016(5):1-11.
[14] Kim S J, Kim E M, Suh Y, et al. The Effect of Service Innovationon R&D Activities and Government Support Systems:The Modera-ting Role of Government Support Systems in Korea[J]. Journal ofOpen Innovation Technology Market&Complexity, 2016, 2(1):5.
[15] Dang J, Motohashi K. Patent Statistics:A good Indicator for Inno-vation in China? Patent Subsidy Program Impacts on Patent Quality[J]. China Economic Review, 2015, 35:137-155.
[16] Lu C, Liu H C, Tao J, et al. A Key Stakeholder-based FinancialSubsidy Stimulation for Chinese EV Industrialization:A SystemDynamics Simulation[J]. Technological Forecasting&SocialChange, 2017, 118:1-14.
[17]李永友,叶倩雯.政府科技创新补贴的激励效应及其机制识别——基于企业微观数据的经验研究[J].财经论丛, 2017,228(12):22-32.
①H11表示在 H1研究假设下的验证模型,H12表示 H1与 H2研究假设 U 交叉下的验证模型。
②H21表示在 H2与 H1研究假设交叉下的验证模型,H22表示在 H2研究假设下的验证模型。
③H31表示在 H3与 H1研究假设交叉下的验证模型,H32表示 H3与 H2研究假设下的验证模型。
[2] Wang Y C. R&D Policy Involving Consumer-Friendly Strategy:Cooperative and Non-Cooperative R&D[J]. Journal of Industry Competition&Trade, 2016, 16(2):1-16.
[3] Boeing P. TheAllocation and Effectiveness of China.s R&D Subsidies-Evidence From Listed Firms[J]. Research Policy, 2016, 45(9):1774-1789.
[4]封凯栋,姜子莹.政府政策如何未能有效激励企业创新:从科技补贴的定量分析谈起[J].学习与探索, 2018(1):93-104.
[5]孙海法,王凯,徐福林.政府人才政策与企业人才需求契合关系研究[J].吉林大学社会科学学报, 2016(3):91-100.
[6]王德祥,李昕.政府补贴、政治关联与企业创新投入[J].财政研究, 2017(8):79-89.
[7] Zhang X, Wu J. Research on Effectiveness of the Government R&DSubsidies:Evidence from Large and Medium Enterprises in China[J]. American Journal of Industrial&Business Management,2014, 4(9):503-513.
[8] Chen S, Ni X, Tong J Y. Gender Diversity in the Boardroom andRisk Management:A Case of R&D Investment[J]. Journal of Busi-ness Ethics, 2016, 136(3):599-621.
[9] Yu F, Guo Y, Le-Nguyen K, et al. The Impact of GovernmentSubsidies and Enterprises.R&D Investment:A Panel Data Studyfrom Renewable Energy in China[J]. Energy Policy, 2016, 89(3):106-113.
[10] Feng R. The Research on Venture Capital.s Effect on EarningsManagement of Listed Companies of GEM before IPO:Evidencefrom China[J]. Modern Economy, 2015, 6(5):617-625.
[11] Hud M, Hussinger K. The Impact of R&D Subsidies during theCrisis[J]. Research Policy, 2015, 44(10):1844-1855.
[12] Thomson R, Jensen P. The Effects of Government Subsidies onBusiness R&D Employment:Evidence from OECD Countries[J].National Tax Journal, 2013, 66(2):281-310.
[13]王军,张一飞.政府研发补贴对企业创新以及经济增长的影响——理论依据与政策选择[J].经济社会体制比较, 2016(5):1-11.
[14] Kim S J, Kim E M, Suh Y, et al. The Effect of Service Innovationon R&D Activities and Government Support Systems:The Modera-ting Role of Government Support Systems in Korea[J]. Journal ofOpen Innovation Technology Market&Complexity, 2016, 2(1):5.
[15] Dang J, Motohashi K. Patent Statistics:A good Indicator for Inno-vation in China? Patent Subsidy Program Impacts on Patent Quality[J]. China Economic Review, 2015, 35:137-155.
[16] Lu C, Liu H C, Tao J, et al. A Key Stakeholder-based FinancialSubsidy Stimulation for Chinese EV Industrialization:A SystemDynamics Simulation[J]. Technological Forecasting&SocialChange, 2017, 118:1-14.
[17]李永友,叶倩雯.政府科技创新补贴的激励效应及其机制识别——基于企业微观数据的经验研究[J].财经论丛, 2017,228(12):22-32.
①H11表示在 H1研究假设下的验证模型,H12表示 H1与 H2研究假设 U 交叉下的验证模型。
②H21表示在 H2与 H1研究假设交叉下的验证模型,H22表示在 H2研究假设下的验证模型。
③H31表示在 H3与 H1研究假设交叉下的验证模型,H32表示 H3与 H2研究假设下的验证模型。