基于降雨滑坡模型的两种边坡破坏模式研究
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摘要
实验室滑坡监测模型是评估滑坡破坏方式规律的一种常见有效的手段,为研究边坡的几何形态对边坡破坏模式的影响,在考虑"降雨是引发滑坡的主要因素"的前提下,基于降雨引发滑坡的渗透特性构建降雨型滑坡监测模型,在对相关仪器设备进行检测和校准的基础上,模拟了近似无限边坡和削平坡顶的两种几何形态在相同降雨事件中的失稳状况,同时,结合SEEP/W进行了数值模拟计算,并进行对比研究。结果表明:与传统的大面积或者整体破坏的滑坡有所不同,对于非整体破坏滑坡,特别是从坡脚开始的降雨引发的牵引式浅源滑坡,尽管水平坡顶降低了整体下滑力,但是更易由降雨入渗导致浸润线升高或孔隙水压增加,导致较早发生大范围破坏。研究成果对完善边坡稳定方案设计方法具有一定指导意义。
In order to study the influence of the geometric shape of the slope on the slope failure mode,a rainfall landslide monitoring model is established through the study made on the seepage characteristics of the landslide induced by rainfall under the premise of that rainfall is considered as the major factor to cause landslide,and then the instabilities of two kinds of slope geometric shapes,i. e. the approximate infinite slope and flattened slope crest,under the same rainfall events are simulated on the basis of the testing and calibrating the relevant equipment,meanwhile,the comparative study on the numerical simulation is carried out in combination with SEEP/W. The result shows that differing from the conventional landslide with large area or integral failure to some extent,the landslide with non-integral failure,especially the shallow retrogressive landslide from the slope toe caused by rainfall are more prone to lead to the rise of the phreatic line or the increase of the pore pressure,and then induce extensive damage,though the overall down-slipping force is decreased by the flattened slope crest. The study result has a certain referential significance for perfecting the design mode for slope stability scheme.
In order to study the influence of the geometric shape of the slope on the slope failure mode,a rainfall landslide monitoring model is established through the study made on the seepage characteristics of the landslide induced by rainfall under the premise of that rainfall is considered as the major factor to cause landslide,and then the instabilities of two kinds of slope geometric shapes,i. e. the approximate infinite slope and flattened slope crest,under the same rainfall events are simulated on the basis of the testing and calibrating the relevant equipment,meanwhile,the comparative study on the numerical simulation is carried out in combination with SEEP/W. The result shows that differing from the conventional landslide with large area or integral failure to some extent,the landslide with non-integral failure,especially the shallow retrogressive landslide from the slope toe caused by rainfall are more prone to lead to the rise of the phreatic line or the increase of the pore pressure,and then induce extensive damage,though the overall down-slipping force is decreased by the flattened slope crest. The study result has a certain referential significance for perfecting the design mode for slope stability scheme.
引文
[1]唐红梅,魏来,唐云辉,等.重庆地区降雨型滑坡相关性分析及预报模型[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2013,24(4):16-21.
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[13]ACHARYA G.Analysing the interactions between water-induced soil erosion and shallow landslides[J].Journal of food science,2011,55(4):926-928.
[14]李有林.水箱模型的基本原理及其应用[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2000,36(4):229-232.
[15]高艳.基于FD原理土壤水分传感器标定方法与系统集成[D].北京:中国农业大学,2006.
[16]吴丹.基于正负压力测量的孔隙水压传感器设计与研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[17]邓斌,郭应桐.PPT型动静孔隙水压力传感器的研制及其应用[J].岩土力学,1989,10(3):60-68.
[2]黄润秋,许强,戚国庆.降雨及水库诱发滑坡的评价与预测[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[3]HUANG C C,YUIN S C.Experimental investigation of rainfall criteria for shallow slope failures[J].Geomorphology,2010,120(3):326-338.
[4]LOURENCO S D N,SASSA K,FUKUOKA H.Failure process and hydrologic response of a two layer physical model:Implications for rainfall-induced landslides[J].Geomorphology,2006,73(1):115-130.
[5]王刚,孙萍,吴礼舟,等.灌溉作用下浅表层黄土滑坡变形破坏机理实验研究[J].地质力学学报,2017,23(5):778-787.
[6]王俊,黄润秋,聂闻,等.基于无限边坡算法的降雨型滑坡预警系统的模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(12):3503-3510.
[7]艾挥,吴红刚,陈小云.降雨对无支挡结构下隧道—滑坡正交体系的作用机理研究[J].地震工程学报,2017,39(2):213-220.
[8]林鸿州,于玉贞,李广信,等.降雨特性对土质边坡失稳的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(1):198-204.
[9]冯有亭,李卓,周涛.坡脚冲刷作用下近坝库岸边坡滑坡模型试验研究[J].水利水电技术,2016,47(12):121-125.
[10]谢妮,王钊,邓卫东,等.非饱和土边坡的监测和人工降雨试验[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2008,41(2):81-85.
[11]郑重,赵云胜,刘能铸,等.强降雨条件下浅层滑坡失稳的尖点突变机理[J].湖南科技大学学报,2012,27(1):63-67.
[12]MONTRASIO L,VALENTINO R.Experimental analysis and modelling of shallow landslides[J].Landslides,2007,4(3):291-296.
[13]ACHARYA G.Analysing the interactions between water-induced soil erosion and shallow landslides[J].Journal of food science,2011,55(4):926-928.
[14]李有林.水箱模型的基本原理及其应用[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2000,36(4):229-232.
[15]高艳.基于FD原理土壤水分传感器标定方法与系统集成[D].北京:中国农业大学,2006.
[16]吴丹.基于正负压力测量的孔隙水压传感器设计与研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[17]邓斌,郭应桐.PPT型动静孔隙水压力传感器的研制及其应用[J].岩土力学,1989,10(3):60-68.