淝水之战中寒门势力的崛起
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摘要
东晋时期的最高政权把握在南北高门士族手中,高官要职被其垄断,士族阶层内部出现分化,低级士族沦落至与庶族相同,没有政治特权和社会地位。低等士族与庶族组成的寒门势力若想进入东晋政权的中心,实现阶层超越就需要脱离九品中正制的桎梏,在战争中建功立业,将把握军权作为第一步棋子。通过淝水之战中的北府兵中下级将领的重要性探究以低级士族和庶族阶层为代表的寒门势力的崛起。
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty,the supreme regime was in the control of the high-ranking gentry in the north and south of China.The high-ranking officials were monopolized by the high-ranking gentry,and the gentry classes were divided,and the low-ranking gentry were reduced to the same status as the common people without political privileges and social status.In order to own the power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and realize the stratum transcendence,the grassroot forces composed of the lower gentry and the common people had to break away from the shackles of the nine-grade system,make contributions in the war,and take military power as the first step.This paper probes into the rise of the grassroot forces represented by the lower gentry and the common people through the middle and lower general forces of the Beifu soldiers in the Battle of Fei Shui.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty,the supreme regime was in the control of the high-ranking gentry in the north and south of China.The high-ranking officials were monopolized by the high-ranking gentry,and the gentry classes were divided,and the low-ranking gentry were reduced to the same status as the common people without political privileges and social status.In order to own the power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and realize the stratum transcendence,the grassroot forces composed of the lower gentry and the common people had to break away from the shackles of the nine-grade system,make contributions in the war,and take military power as the first step.This paper probes into the rise of the grassroot forces represented by the lower gentry and the common people through the middle and lower general forces of the Beifu soldiers in the Battle of Fei Shui.
引文
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[2][宋]司马光.资治通鉴[M].北京:中华书局,1992:3499.
[3]夏征农.辞海[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,2002:1832.
[4][清]赵翼,王树民.廿二史劄记校证[M].北京:中华书局,2013:176.
[5][唐]李延寿.南史[M].北京:中华书局,2000:591.
[6][南朝]沈约.宋书[M].北京:中华书局,2000:1451.