基于粒子群算法的受端电网紧急切负荷优化
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摘要
针对多直流馈入受端电网的直流闭锁故障提出一种紧急切负荷优化模型和求解方法。模型兼顾安全性与经济性,以切负荷总量最小为优化目标,计及暂态频率、电压偏移、线路过载、节点切负荷量限制等约束条件,优化各节点切负荷量。针对模型非线性强导致难以直接求解的问题,基于粒子群优化算法和并行计算技术,提出粒子演化的自适应参数调整方法,提高优化算法的全局寻优能力和优化速度。以山东电网模型为例,验证算法在严重直流闭锁故障下的紧急切负荷控制有效性。
An optimization model and solving method of emergency load shedding were proposed to solve the high voltage direct current(HVDC) blocking of multi-infeed HVDC receiving-end power grid.The model was established to minimize the total amount of shed loads and was constrained by transient frequency variations,voltage variations,line overloading and load capacity of each node to maintain power system stability.The optimal variable of the model was the amount of load shedding of each node.Considering that the model was nonlinear,an adaptive parameter adjustment method based on particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and parallel computing was established.The method improved the global optimization and the speed of the algorithm.Shandong Power Grid model was taken as an example to verify the validity of the algorithm for emergency load shedding following HVDC blocking.
An optimization model and solving method of emergency load shedding were proposed to solve the high voltage direct current(HVDC) blocking of multi-infeed HVDC receiving-end power grid.The model was established to minimize the total amount of shed loads and was constrained by transient frequency variations,voltage variations,line overloading and load capacity of each node to maintain power system stability.The optimal variable of the model was the amount of load shedding of each node.Considering that the model was nonlinear,an adaptive parameter adjustment method based on particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and parallel computing was established.The method improved the global optimization and the speed of the algorithm.Shandong Power Grid model was taken as an example to verify the validity of the algorithm for emergency load shedding following HVDC blocking.
引文
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[15]徐岩,郅静.基于广域测量系统的潮流转移关键线路快速搜索[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):49-54.XU Yan,ZHI Jing.Fast search of key lines in power flow transferring based on WAMS[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University(Natural Science Edition),2014,41(5):49-54.
[16]杨欢欢,朱林,蔡泽祥,等.直流控制对直流系统无功动态特性的影响分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(10):2631-2637.YANG Huanhuan,ZHU Lin,CAI Zexiang,et al.Influence of HVDC control on HVDC reactive power dynamic characteristic[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(10):2631-2637.
[17]周晖,付娅,韩盟,等.基于粒子群算法的含大规模风电互联系统的负荷频率控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(10):1-7.ZHOU Hui,FU Ya,HAN Meng,et al.Load frequency control of power systems with large scale of wind power integrated based on particle swarm algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(10):1-7.
[18]张巍峰,车延博,刘阳升.电力系统可靠性评估中的改进拉丁超立方抽样方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(4):52-57.ZHANG Weifeng,CHE Yanbo,LIU Yangsheng.Improved latin hypercube sampling method for reliability evaluation of power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(4):52-57.(编辑:甄鹏)
[2]许丹,王斌,张加力,等.特高压直流外送风光火电力一体化调度计划模型[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(6):25-29,57.XU Dan,WANG Bin,ZHANG Jiali,et al.Integrated transmission scheduling model for wind-photovoltaic-thermal power by ultra-high voltage direct current system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(6):25-29,57.
[3]ERLICH I,PAZ B,ZADEH M K,et al.Overvoltage phenomena in offshore wind farms following blocking of the HVDC converter[C]//Proceedings of the 2016 IEEEPower and Energy Society General Meeting(PESGM).Boston,USA:IEEE,2016:1-5.
[4]韩冰,姚建国,於益军,等.负荷主动响应应对特高压受端电网直流闭锁故障的探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):1-6.HAN Bing,YAO Jianguo,YU Yijun,et al.Discussion on active load response at receiving-end power grid for mitigating UHVDC blocking fault[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):1-6.
[5]李碧君,侯玉强.紧急负荷调节用于安全稳定紧急控制的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(11):104-110.LI Bijun,HOU Yuqiang.Research of emergency load regulation for security and stability control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(11):104-110.
[6]LE T N,NGUYEN N A,QUYEN H A.Emergency control of load shedding based on coordination of artificial neural network and Analytic Hierarchy Process Algorithm[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on System Science and Engineering(ICSSE).Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam:IEEE,2017:57-60.
[7]刘晓明,刘玉田,邱夕兆.±660 kV银东直流闭锁后的紧急切负荷决策[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(4):96-99,116.LIU Xiaoming,LIU Yutian,QIU Xizhao.Emergency load shedding after Yindong 660 kV DC block fault[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(4):96-99,116.
[8]续昕,张恒旭,李常刚,等.基于轨迹灵敏度的紧急切负荷优化算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):143-148.XU Xin,ZAHNG Hengxu,LI Changgang,et al.Emergency load shedding optimization algorithm based on trajectory sensitivity[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):143-148.
[9]李兆伟,刘福锁,崔晓丹,等.计及电力安全事故风险的电网动态分区与切负荷协调控制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):35-40.LI Zhaowei,LIU Fusuo,CUI Xiaodan,et al.Coordinate control study for dynamic division and load shedding considering electrical security accident risk[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):35-40.
[10]孙大雁,周海强,鞠平,等.协调经济性及电压稳定性的受端系统紧急负荷控制优化方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(17):106-112.SUN Dayan,ZHOU Haiqiang,JU Ping,et al.Optimization method for emergency load control of receivingend system considering coordination of economy and voltage stability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(17):106-112.
[11]胡伟,张玮灵,闵勇,等.基于支持向量机的电力系统紧急控制实时决策方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4567-4576,4881.HU Wei,ZHANG Weiling,MIN Yong,et al.Real-time emergency control decision in power system based on support vector machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4567-4576,4881.
[12]CHUVYCHIN V,GUROV N,RUBCOV S.Adaptive underfrequency load shedding and underfrequency load restoration system[C]//Proceedings of the 2005 IEEERussia Power Tech.St.Petersburg,Russia:IEEE,2005:1-6.
[13]TERZIJA V V.Adaptive under frequency load shedding based on the magnitude of the disturbance estimation[J].IEEE Trans Power System,2006,21(3):1260-1266.
[14]李扬,苏慧玲.N-k故障下影响电力系统脆弱性的关键线路研究[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(3):60-67.LI Yang,SU Huiling.Critical line affecting power system vulnerability under N-k contingency condition[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(3):60-67.
[15]徐岩,郅静.基于广域测量系统的潮流转移关键线路快速搜索[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):49-54.XU Yan,ZHI Jing.Fast search of key lines in power flow transferring based on WAMS[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University(Natural Science Edition),2014,41(5):49-54.
[16]杨欢欢,朱林,蔡泽祥,等.直流控制对直流系统无功动态特性的影响分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(10):2631-2637.YANG Huanhuan,ZHU Lin,CAI Zexiang,et al.Influence of HVDC control on HVDC reactive power dynamic characteristic[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(10):2631-2637.
[17]周晖,付娅,韩盟,等.基于粒子群算法的含大规模风电互联系统的负荷频率控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(10):1-7.ZHOU Hui,FU Ya,HAN Meng,et al.Load frequency control of power systems with large scale of wind power integrated based on particle swarm algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(10):1-7.
[18]张巍峰,车延博,刘阳升.电力系统可靠性评估中的改进拉丁超立方抽样方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(4):52-57.ZHANG Weifeng,CHE Yanbo,LIU Yangsheng.Improved latin hypercube sampling method for reliability evaluation of power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(4):52-57.(编辑:甄鹏)