不同氮肥用量对玉米田土壤酶活性及微生物量碳、氮的影响
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摘要
为了探讨不同氮肥施用量对玉米田土壤酶活性及微生物量碳、氮含量的影响,设置5、10、25 g/m~2共3个施肥处理,以不施肥为对照,在玉米不同生长时期分两层采集0～20 cm的耕层土样,测定土壤微生物量碳、氮含量及土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性,结果表明:不同处理间土壤酶活性及土壤微生物量碳、氮含量存在显著差异,各施肥处理均能显著提高土壤酶活性及土壤微生物量碳、氮含量,其中施氮肥量为10 g/m~2的处理效果最为显著;在玉米生长发育的各时期,不同处理的土壤酶活性及土壤微生物量碳、氮含量总体表现为先升后降的趋势;土壤脲酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、微生物量碳含量与氮肥用量间存在显著或极显著正相关关系,土壤微生物量碳、氮含量及各种土壤酶活性相互间均存在显著或极显著相关关系。
In order to explore the influence of different nitrogen fertilizer application to the soil enzyme activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen of corn fields,it set 3 facility treatments of 5,10 and 25 g/m2 by taking no fertilizer as contrast. It collected the plowing soil sample at 0-20 cm by two layers during the different growing stages of corn and determined the contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil invertase,catalase and urease activities. The outcomes show that a) there are significant differences in soil enzyme activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen among different treatments,each treatment can greatly increase soil enzyme activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,of which,the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application rate of 10 g/m2 is the maximum; b) the overall performance of soil enzyme activity and the contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen with different treatments in each growing stage of corn shows the trend of increasing at first then decreasing and; c) there is significant or very significant positive correlation between soil urease activity,catalase activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen fertilizer application rate. There is significant or very significant correlation between the contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and various soil enzyme activities.
In order to explore the influence of different nitrogen fertilizer application to the soil enzyme activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen of corn fields,it set 3 facility treatments of 5,10 and 25 g/m2 by taking no fertilizer as contrast. It collected the plowing soil sample at 0-20 cm by two layers during the different growing stages of corn and determined the contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil invertase,catalase and urease activities. The outcomes show that a) there are significant differences in soil enzyme activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen among different treatments,each treatment can greatly increase soil enzyme activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,of which,the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application rate of 10 g/m2 is the maximum; b) the overall performance of soil enzyme activity and the contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen with different treatments in each growing stage of corn shows the trend of increasing at first then decreasing and; c) there is significant or very significant positive correlation between soil urease activity,catalase activity and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen fertilizer application rate. There is significant or very significant correlation between the contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and various soil enzyme activities.
引文
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[3] MU Xiaohuan,CHEN Fanjun,WU Qiuping,et al.Genetic improvement of root growth increases maize yield via enhanced post-silking nitrogen uptake[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2015,63:55-61.
[4] 王玲敏,叶优良,陈范骏,等.施氮对不同品种玉米产量、氮效率的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(5):529-535.
[5] 刘建安,米国华.不同基因型玉米氮效率差异的比较研究[J].农业生物技术学报,1999,7(3):248-254.
[6] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:274-340.
[7] 李潮海,王小星,王群,等.不同质地土壤玉米根际生物活性研究[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(2):412-418.