保水剂-尿素凝胶对核桃苗根际土壤微生态环境影响
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摘要
为探讨保水剂与尿素的之间的最佳结合利用方式,以核桃苗为试材,通过盆栽试验研究了不施肥和保水剂(CK)、单施尿素(U)、单施保水剂(S)、保水剂-尿素混施(SUM)与保水剂-尿素凝胶(SUG)5个处理对核桃苗的生长及其根际土壤微生态环境的影响。结果显示:较U处理而言,SUG处理的核桃苗根系分泌物中有机酸总量、氨基酸总量与总糖含量显著增加;根际土壤蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶与过氧化氢酶活性得到了明显的提高;同时,SUG处理亦显著提高了根际土壤微生物数量与微生物量碳、氮含量。此外,SUG处理还明显促进了核桃苗地径与株高的生长,并显著高于其他处理。与SUG处理相比,S和SUM处理对核桃苗根际土壤微生态环境的影响效果较小。综上,保水剂-尿素凝胶方式能改善核桃苗根际土壤微生态环境,增强抵御干旱胁迫能力,对其生长达到一定的促进作用。
The paper aims to explore the best combination of SAP(Super Absorbent Polymers) and urea. West udied the effects of 5 treatments including CK(neither fertilizer nor SAP was applied), U(urea was appliedalone), S(SAP was applied alone), SUM(SAP was mixed with urea) and SUG(gel was made of SAP and urea)on the growth of Juglans regia and the micro-ecological environment in the rhizosphere soil by a potexperiment. The results indicated that: compared with U treatment, the SUG treatment obviously increasedtotal organic acids, total amino acids and total sugar in the root exudates; the activity of sucrose enzyme,polyphenol oxidase, urease enzyme and catalase enzyme in the rhizosphere soil was improved obviously; at thesame time, the microbial populations, microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen weresignificantly higher in the SUG treatment than that in the other treatments; additionally, the SUG treatment obviously promoted the growth of ground diameter and plant height of Juglans regia, and the ground diameterand plant height of SUG were higher than that in other treatments. However, S and SUM treatments had lesseffect on the micro-ecological environment in the rhizosphere soil than that in SUG treatment. In conclusion,the gel is beneficial to improve the micro-ecological environment in the rhizosphere soil, enhance the ability ofdrought resistance and promote the growth of Juglans regia.
The paper aims to explore the best combination of SAP(Super Absorbent Polymers) and urea. West udied the effects of 5 treatments including CK(neither fertilizer nor SAP was applied), U(urea was appliedalone), S(SAP was applied alone), SUM(SAP was mixed with urea) and SUG(gel was made of SAP and urea)on the growth of Juglans regia and the micro-ecological environment in the rhizosphere soil by a potexperiment. The results indicated that: compared with U treatment, the SUG treatment obviously increasedtotal organic acids, total amino acids and total sugar in the root exudates; the activity of sucrose enzyme,polyphenol oxidase, urease enzyme and catalase enzyme in the rhizosphere soil was improved obviously; at thesame time, the microbial populations, microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen weresignificantly higher in the SUG treatment than that in the other treatments; additionally, the SUG treatment obviously promoted the growth of ground diameter and plant height of Juglans regia, and the ground diameterand plant height of SUG were higher than that in other treatments. However, S and SUM treatments had lesseffect on the micro-ecological environment in the rhizosphere soil than that in SUG treatment. In conclusion,the gel is beneficial to improve the micro-ecological environment in the rhizosphere soil, enhance the ability ofdrought resistance and promote the growth of Juglans regia.
引文
[1]刘方春,邢尚军,马海林,等.干旱生境中接种根际促生细菌对核桃根际土壤生物学特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1475-1482.
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[9]贺美,王立刚,朱平,等.长期定位施肥下黑土碳排放特征及其碳库组分与酶活性变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(19):6379-6389.
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[11]井大炜,王明友,张红,等.蚯蚓粪配施尿素对豇豆根系特征与根际土腐殖质的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(1):212-219.
[12]唐海明,肖小平,汤文光,等.长期施肥对双季稻田甲烷排放和关键功能微生物的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(22):7668-7678.
[13]刘方春,马海林,马丙尧,等.干旱环境下接种根际促生细菌对核桃苗光合特性的影响[J].林业科学,2015,51(7):84-90.
[14]Wang X P,Zabowski D.Nutrient composition of Douglas-fir rhizosphere and bulk soil solutions[J].Plant Soil,1998,200(1):13-20.
[15]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[16]吴林坤,林向民,林文雄.根系分泌物介导下植物-土壤-微生物互作关系研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(3):298-310.
[17]Jing D W,Liu F C,Wang M Y,et al.Effects of root pruning on the physicochemical properties and microbial activities of poplar rhizosphere soil[J].Plo S ONE,2017,12(11):e0187685.
[18]孙萌,刘洋,李保国,等.核桃园行内地面覆盖的土壤微域生态效应[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4434-4443.
[19]Liu F,Xing S,Ma H,et al.Cytokinin-producing,plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria that confer resistance to drought stress in Platycladus orientalis container seedlings[J].Applied microbiology and biotechnology,2013,97(20):9155-9164
[20]刘方春,马海林,杜振宇,等.根际促生细菌应用方式下金银花生长与根际环境特征[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(11):163-171
[21]Liu F,Ma H,Xing S,et al.Effects of super-absorbent polymer on dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake of Pinus pinaster container seedlings[J].Journal of Forest Research,2013,18(3):220-227.
[2]井大炜,邢尚军,刘方春,等.保水剂施用方式对侧柏根际微生态环境的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(5):146-154.
[3]刘方春,马海林,马丙尧,等.容器基质育苗中保水剂对白蜡生长及养分和干物质积累的影响[J].林业科学,2011,47(9):62-68.
[4]井大炜,邢尚军,刘方春,等.畦灌配施保水剂改善杨树林下土壤物理性状提高微生物活性[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(14):116-122.
[5]班卫强,尹林克,严成.不同技术措施对梭梭免灌造林成活率的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(7):141-144.
[6]李庆梅,侯龙鱼,刘艳,等.石质山地君迁子直播造林试验[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(6):72-76.
[7]韩艳英,叶彦辉,张昆林,等.不同造林技术措施对藏川杨生理生化特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):101-104.
[8]井大炜,邢尚军,刘方春,等.保水剂-尿素凝胶对侧柏裸根苗细根生长和氮素利用率的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(4):1046-1052.
[9]贺美,王立刚,朱平,等.长期定位施肥下黑土碳排放特征及其碳库组分与酶活性变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(19):6379-6389.
[10]田善义,王明伟,成艳红,等.化肥和有机肥长期施用对红壤酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):4963-4972.
[11]井大炜,王明友,张红,等.蚯蚓粪配施尿素对豇豆根系特征与根际土腐殖质的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(1):212-219.
[12]唐海明,肖小平,汤文光,等.长期施肥对双季稻田甲烷排放和关键功能微生物的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(22):7668-7678.
[13]刘方春,马海林,马丙尧,等.干旱环境下接种根际促生细菌对核桃苗光合特性的影响[J].林业科学,2015,51(7):84-90.
[14]Wang X P,Zabowski D.Nutrient composition of Douglas-fir rhizosphere and bulk soil solutions[J].Plant Soil,1998,200(1):13-20.
[15]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[16]吴林坤,林向民,林文雄.根系分泌物介导下植物-土壤-微生物互作关系研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(3):298-310.
[17]Jing D W,Liu F C,Wang M Y,et al.Effects of root pruning on the physicochemical properties and microbial activities of poplar rhizosphere soil[J].Plo S ONE,2017,12(11):e0187685.
[18]孙萌,刘洋,李保国,等.核桃园行内地面覆盖的土壤微域生态效应[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4434-4443.
[19]Liu F,Xing S,Ma H,et al.Cytokinin-producing,plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria that confer resistance to drought stress in Platycladus orientalis container seedlings[J].Applied microbiology and biotechnology,2013,97(20):9155-9164
[20]刘方春,马海林,杜振宇,等.根际促生细菌应用方式下金银花生长与根际环境特征[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(11):163-171
[21]Liu F,Ma H,Xing S,et al.Effects of super-absorbent polymer on dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake of Pinus pinaster container seedlings[J].Journal of Forest Research,2013,18(3):220-227.