杨梅园自然生草对土壤肥力及果实品质的影响
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摘要
自然生草栽培,尤其是低矮的草类植物,是提高杨梅园土壤肥力、提升果实品质的有效途径。结果表明,自然生草栽培,可明显增加杨梅园植物多样性,提高土壤肥力,单果重、单株产量与商品果率均明显增加,且以半自然生草栽培的杨梅果实总糖、可溶性固形物含量最高,分别为10.82%,12.12%。杨梅园自然生草栽培丰富了物种多样性、提高了土壤肥力、优化了果实品质,为杨梅果品安全生产提供参考。
Natural grass growing in Myrica rubra orchard is a good way to improve the soil fertility and the fruit quality of Myrica rubra.Our studies indicated that natural grass growing can increase plant diversity of Myrica rubra orchard,improve soil fertility,increase single fruit weight,single plant yield and the ratio of good quality fruit significantly.The results also showed that the total fruit sugar content and the total soluble solid content were the highest with half natural grass growing method,being 10.82% and 12.12%,respectively.The natural grass growing enriched plant diversity,improved soil fertility and fruit quality.The results offered a reference for safety production of Myrica rubra.
Natural grass growing in Myrica rubra orchard is a good way to improve the soil fertility and the fruit quality of Myrica rubra.Our studies indicated that natural grass growing can increase plant diversity of Myrica rubra orchard,improve soil fertility,increase single fruit weight,single plant yield and the ratio of good quality fruit significantly.The results also showed that the total fruit sugar content and the total soluble solid content were the highest with half natural grass growing method,being 10.82% and 12.12%,respectively.The natural grass growing enriched plant diversity,improved soil fertility and fruit quality.The results offered a reference for safety production of Myrica rubra.
引文
[1]郑勇平,王白坡,黎章矩,等.生态经济林丛书—杨梅[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.
[2]李三玉,梁森苗,汪国云,等.浙江效益农业百科全书—杨梅[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2004.
[3]梁森苗.杨梅(东魁和荸荠种)高效栽培新技术[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,2001.
[4]浙江省农业厅,浙江省杨梅产业协会.2011年浙江杨梅产销形势分析[EB/OL].http://ymh.zjnm.cn/programs/ymzt/ymgk_cxxs.html.2011-06-13.
[5]王业共,邱家洪,吴美化,等.脐橙园生草栽培试验初报[J].中国南方果树,2011,40(2):34-35.
[6]刘万达.果园发展的新趋势—果园生草[J].中国林副特产,2009,(5):52-53.
[7]刘蝴蝶,郝淑英,曹琴,等.生草覆盖对果园土壤养分、果实产量及品质的影响[J].土壤通报,2003,(3):184-186.
[8]徐雄,张健.生草和生物覆盖对果园土壤肥力的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2004,22(1):88-91.
[9]邓丰产.果园生草的生态效应及在果树上的应用[J].北方园艺,2009,(1)133-136.
[10]惠竹梅,李华,刘延琳,等.果园生草对土壤性状的作用研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(5):284-286.
[11]曹保芹,牛润民,樊庆军,等.果园生草对果树生态环境及果品品质和产量的影响[J].山西果树,2008,(5):10-11.
[12]任群,肖家欣,陈世林,等.生草栽培对柑橘叶片矿质营养含量及果实品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(24):407-409.
[13]杨青松,李小刚,蔺经,等.生草对梨园土壤有效养分、水分、温度及果实品质、产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2007,(5):109-111.
[14]张厚华,曹永,孙芳,等.生草栽培对土壤养分及酥梨果品质量的影响[J].山西果树,2011,(2):44.
[15]李先明,秦仲其,刘先琴,等.生草对梨园微域生态环境及果实品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2010,(1):92-95.
[16]谷艳荣,张海玲,胡燕红.果园自然生草覆盖对土壤理化性状及大桃产量和品质的影响[J].土壤评价与培肥,2010,(S0):165-169.
[17]和润喜,邵扶民,石卓功.生草覆盖对苹果产量及果实品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008,(5):100-103.
[18]Haynes RJ,Gob KM.Some effects of orchard soil manage-ment on swardcomposition,levels of available nutrients in thesoil,and leaf nutrient content of mature‘Golden Delicious'apple trees[J].Scientia Horticulturae,1980,13:15-21.
[2]李三玉,梁森苗,汪国云,等.浙江效益农业百科全书—杨梅[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2004.
[3]梁森苗.杨梅(东魁和荸荠种)高效栽培新技术[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,2001.
[4]浙江省农业厅,浙江省杨梅产业协会.2011年浙江杨梅产销形势分析[EB/OL].http://ymh.zjnm.cn/programs/ymzt/ymgk_cxxs.html.2011-06-13.
[5]王业共,邱家洪,吴美化,等.脐橙园生草栽培试验初报[J].中国南方果树,2011,40(2):34-35.
[6]刘万达.果园发展的新趋势—果园生草[J].中国林副特产,2009,(5):52-53.
[7]刘蝴蝶,郝淑英,曹琴,等.生草覆盖对果园土壤养分、果实产量及品质的影响[J].土壤通报,2003,(3):184-186.
[8]徐雄,张健.生草和生物覆盖对果园土壤肥力的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2004,22(1):88-91.
[9]邓丰产.果园生草的生态效应及在果树上的应用[J].北方园艺,2009,(1)133-136.
[10]惠竹梅,李华,刘延琳,等.果园生草对土壤性状的作用研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(5):284-286.
[11]曹保芹,牛润民,樊庆军,等.果园生草对果树生态环境及果品品质和产量的影响[J].山西果树,2008,(5):10-11.
[12]任群,肖家欣,陈世林,等.生草栽培对柑橘叶片矿质营养含量及果实品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(24):407-409.
[13]杨青松,李小刚,蔺经,等.生草对梨园土壤有效养分、水分、温度及果实品质、产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2007,(5):109-111.
[14]张厚华,曹永,孙芳,等.生草栽培对土壤养分及酥梨果品质量的影响[J].山西果树,2011,(2):44.
[15]李先明,秦仲其,刘先琴,等.生草对梨园微域生态环境及果实品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2010,(1):92-95.
[16]谷艳荣,张海玲,胡燕红.果园自然生草覆盖对土壤理化性状及大桃产量和品质的影响[J].土壤评价与培肥,2010,(S0):165-169.
[17]和润喜,邵扶民,石卓功.生草覆盖对苹果产量及果实品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008,(5):100-103.
[18]Haynes RJ,Gob KM.Some effects of orchard soil manage-ment on swardcomposition,levels of available nutrients in thesoil,and leaf nutrient content of mature‘Golden Delicious'apple trees[J].Scientia Horticulturae,1980,13:15-21.