人工林水肥耦合研究现状及展望
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摘要
水分和肥料是植物生长的必需因子,水肥管理是人工林培育的核心问题,水肥耦合能够促进植物生长发育、提高资源利用效率。进行人工林水肥耦合研究,可为制定水分和养分调控措施提供理论与实践依据,探索结合区域生境特征的节水、节肥模型,构建结构稳定和功能高效的生态系统。文中综述人工林水肥耦合效应的研究现状,分析水肥耦合对植株功能性状的影响,探讨土壤肥力与植物养分利用对水肥耦合的响应,以及人工林产品的产量和品质与水肥耦合的关系。我国水肥耦合的相关研究还需要不断推进和深入,为集成基于水肥耦合的人工林可持续经营技术体系,未来需要加强以下3个方面的研究:一是结合植物水肥需求规律深入研究,二是深化水肥耦合对人工林产品质量提升的影响研究,三是揭示水肥耦合对人工林生长衰退的影响机理与驱动机制。
Water and fertilizer are the essential factors for the growth of plants. Their management is the core issue of the cultivation of planted forest. The coupling of water and fertilizer can promote the plant growth and improve the resource utilization efficiency. The research on water-fertilizer coupling for planted forest can provide a theoretical and practical basis for formulating water and nutrient regulation measures,so it is important to explore the water-saving and fertilizer-saving models combined with regional habitat characteristics,and construct an ecological system with stable structure and efficient functions. This paper reviews the research on the effect of water-fertilizer coupling in planted forest,analyzes the significant effect of water-fertilizer coupling on the functional traits of plants,and discusses the response of soil fertility and plant nutrient utilization to water-fertilizer coupling and the relationship among yield and quality of products and water-fertilizer coupling in planted forest. The relevant researches on water-fertilizer coupling in China need to be continuously promoted and deepened. In order to integrate the sustainable forest management technology system of planted forest based on the coupling of water and fertilizer,the future research in this field should be focused on the following three aspects: 1) the in-depth study of the law of water and fertilizer needs of plants; 2) the study of the effect of water-fertilizer coupling on the improvement of planted forest product quality; 3) the influence mechanism and driving mechanism of water-fertilizer coupling on the growth decline of planted forest.
Water and fertilizer are the essential factors for the growth of plants. Their management is the core issue of the cultivation of planted forest. The coupling of water and fertilizer can promote the plant growth and improve the resource utilization efficiency. The research on water-fertilizer coupling for planted forest can provide a theoretical and practical basis for formulating water and nutrient regulation measures,so it is important to explore the water-saving and fertilizer-saving models combined with regional habitat characteristics,and construct an ecological system with stable structure and efficient functions. This paper reviews the research on the effect of water-fertilizer coupling in planted forest,analyzes the significant effect of water-fertilizer coupling on the functional traits of plants,and discusses the response of soil fertility and plant nutrient utilization to water-fertilizer coupling and the relationship among yield and quality of products and water-fertilizer coupling in planted forest. The relevant researches on water-fertilizer coupling in China need to be continuously promoted and deepened. In order to integrate the sustainable forest management technology system of planted forest based on the coupling of water and fertilizer,the future research in this field should be focused on the following three aspects: 1) the in-depth study of the law of water and fertilizer needs of plants; 2) the study of the effect of water-fertilizer coupling on the improvement of planted forest product quality; 3) the influence mechanism and driving mechanism of water-fertilizer coupling on the growth decline of planted forest.
引文
[1]王铁良,周罕琳,李波,等.水肥耦合对树莓光合特性和果实品质的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(6):286-290.
[2]GUTTIERI M J,MCLEAN R,STARK J C,et al.Managing irrigation and nitrogen fertility of hard spring wheats for optimum bread and noodle quality[J].Crop Science,2005,45 (5):2049-2059.
[3]VAN D D R,THOMAS B R,KAMELCHUK D P.Effects of N, NP, and NPKS fertilizers applied to four-year-old hybrid poplar plantation[J].New Forests,2008,35(3):221-233.
[4]WANG Z H,BIAN Q Y,ZHANG J Z,et al.Optimized water and fertilizer management of mature jujube in Xinjiang arid area using drip irrigation[J].Water,2018,10(10):1-13.
[5]华元刚,罗微,林钊沐,等.水肥耦合对橡胶树根系垂直分布的影响[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(8):1342-1347.
[6]李廷亮,谢英荷,任苗苗,等.施肥和覆膜垄沟种植对旱地小麦产量及水氮利用的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(1):212-220.
[7]周罕觅,张富仓,ROGER K,等.水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(12):173-183.
[8]王晓娟,贾志宽,梁连友,等.旱地施有机肥对土壤水分和玉米经济效益的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(6):144-149.
[9]AL-KAISI M M, YIN X H. Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate, and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency[J].Agronomy Journal,2003,95(6):1475-1482.
[10]PIRMORADIAN N,SEPASKHAH A R,MAFTOUN M.Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on nitrogen-use efficiency and grain protein of rice[J].Agronomie,2004,24(3):143-153.
[11]刘淑明,孙佳乾,邓振义,等.干旱胁迫对花椒不同品种根系生长及水分利用的影响[J].林业科学,2013,49(2):30-35.
[12]邢英英,张富仓,张燕,等.膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(21):70-80.
[13]马建蕊.盐池县膜下滴灌玉米作物-水模型及作物-水肥耦合模型试验研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2018.
[14]BRONSON K F,BOOKER J D,BORDOVSKY J P,et al.Site-specific irrigation and nitrogen management for cotton production in the southern high plains[J].Agronomy Journal,2006,98(1):212-219.
[15]董雯怡,赵燕,张志毅,等.水肥耦合效应对毛白杨苗木生物量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(9):2194-2200.
[16]王海燕,唐海龙,龚伟,等.水肥耦合对汉源花椒幼苗生长、养分吸收和肥料利用的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):33-40.
[17]LIU X,LI M,ZHANG Z X.Integrated optimization of water and fertilizer coupling system under uncertainty[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2018,126:268-277.
[18]WESTOBY M,REICH P B,Wright I J.Understanding ecological variation across species:area-based vs. massbased expression of leaf traits[J].New Phytologist,2013,199:322-323.
[19]吴正花,喻理飞,严令斌,等.三叶木通叶片解剖结果和光合特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(6):1156-1163.
[20]BUDAK H,KANTAR M,KURTOGLU K Y.Drought tolerance in modern and wild wheat[J].The Scientific World Journal,2013,23:1-16.
[21]王景燕,龚伟,包秀兰,等.水肥耦合对汉源花椒幼苗叶片光合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(5):1321-1330.
[22]侯裕生,王振华,李文昊,等.水肥耦合对南疆沙区滴灌红枣光合特性及叶绿素相对含量的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(9): 914-919,924.
[23]舒正悦,王景燕,龚伟,等.淹水对水肥耦合管理竹叶花椒幼苗渗透性物质含量的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(5):1139- 1145.
[24]石培君,刘洪光,何新林,等.水肥耦合对滴灌矮化密植大枣生理变化及产量影响[J].核农学报,2018,32(1):177-187.
[25]WANG G,LIU F,XUE S.Nitrogen addition enhanced water uptake by affecting fine root morphology and coarse root anatomy of Chinese pine seedlings[J].Plant and Soil,2017,418(1/2):177-189.
[26]刘卉,郭晓敏,涂淑萍,等.水肥耦合对油茶林地土壤全氮和产量的影响研究[J].土壤通报,2014,45(4):897-902.
[27]钟爽,臧小平,曾会才,等.水肥耦合对香蕉园土壤线虫群落结构及多样性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(23):130-139.
[28]刘峰,仲俊桥,于景麟,等.水肥耦合对杨树根区水、氮运移及吸收的影响研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2019,32(1):42-47.DOI:10.13348/j.cnki. sjlyyj.2018.0102.y.
[29]邱权,李吉跃,王军辉,等.水肥耦合效应对楸树苗木叶片δ13C的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(11):2290-2298.
[30]BHAT R,SUJATHA S.Soil fertility and nutrient uptake by arecanut (Areca catechu L.) as affected by level and frequency of fertigation in a laterite soil[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(3):445-456.
[31]O’NEILL M K,ALLEN S C,HEYDUCK R F,et al.Hybrid poplar (Populus) adaptation to a semi-arid region:results from Northwest New Mexico (2002-2011)[J].Agroforestry Systems,2014,88(3):387-396.
[32]王梓,马履一,贾忠奎,等.1年生欧美107杨地上生物量水肥耦合效应[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(3):49-51.
[33]张锐,张琦,陈加利,等.水肥耦合对核桃光合特性与品质的影响[J].果树学报,2015,32(6):1170-1178.
[34]李双双,王德炉,赵迪.水肥耦合对蓝莓果实产量及品质的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(6):131-139.
[35]扁青永,王振华,胡家帅,等.水肥供应对南疆沙区红枣生理、生长及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(4):165-171.
[36]LV X T,GREGOIRE T F,ELEAN K,et al.Contrasting responses in leaf nutrient-use strategies of two dominant grass species along a 30-yr temperate steppe grazing exclusion chronosequence[J].Plant and Soil,2014,387:69-79.
[37]冯变变,刘小芳,赵勇钢,等.陕西省作物生产蓝绿水足迹核算及影响因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):200-206.
[38]SHANGGUAN Z P, ZHENG S X. Ecological properties of soil water and effects on forest vegetation in the Loess Plateau[J].International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology,2006,13(4):307-314.
[39]韦景树,李宗善,冯晓玙,等.黄土高原人工刺槐林生长衰退的生理生态机制[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(7):2433-2444.
[40]任丽媛,李宗善,王晓春.基于根部年轮与导管特征的黄土高原苜蓿生长衰退原因分析[J].生态学报,2019,39(3):1-11.
[2]GUTTIERI M J,MCLEAN R,STARK J C,et al.Managing irrigation and nitrogen fertility of hard spring wheats for optimum bread and noodle quality[J].Crop Science,2005,45 (5):2049-2059.
[3]VAN D D R,THOMAS B R,KAMELCHUK D P.Effects of N, NP, and NPKS fertilizers applied to four-year-old hybrid poplar plantation[J].New Forests,2008,35(3):221-233.
[4]WANG Z H,BIAN Q Y,ZHANG J Z,et al.Optimized water and fertilizer management of mature jujube in Xinjiang arid area using drip irrigation[J].Water,2018,10(10):1-13.
[5]华元刚,罗微,林钊沐,等.水肥耦合对橡胶树根系垂直分布的影响[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(8):1342-1347.
[6]李廷亮,谢英荷,任苗苗,等.施肥和覆膜垄沟种植对旱地小麦产量及水氮利用的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(1):212-220.
[7]周罕觅,张富仓,ROGER K,等.水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(12):173-183.
[8]王晓娟,贾志宽,梁连友,等.旱地施有机肥对土壤水分和玉米经济效益的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(6):144-149.
[9]AL-KAISI M M, YIN X H. Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate, and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency[J].Agronomy Journal,2003,95(6):1475-1482.
[10]PIRMORADIAN N,SEPASKHAH A R,MAFTOUN M.Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on nitrogen-use efficiency and grain protein of rice[J].Agronomie,2004,24(3):143-153.
[11]刘淑明,孙佳乾,邓振义,等.干旱胁迫对花椒不同品种根系生长及水分利用的影响[J].林业科学,2013,49(2):30-35.
[12]邢英英,张富仓,张燕,等.膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(21):70-80.
[13]马建蕊.盐池县膜下滴灌玉米作物-水模型及作物-水肥耦合模型试验研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2018.
[14]BRONSON K F,BOOKER J D,BORDOVSKY J P,et al.Site-specific irrigation and nitrogen management for cotton production in the southern high plains[J].Agronomy Journal,2006,98(1):212-219.
[15]董雯怡,赵燕,张志毅,等.水肥耦合效应对毛白杨苗木生物量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(9):2194-2200.
[16]王海燕,唐海龙,龚伟,等.水肥耦合对汉源花椒幼苗生长、养分吸收和肥料利用的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):33-40.
[17]LIU X,LI M,ZHANG Z X.Integrated optimization of water and fertilizer coupling system under uncertainty[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2018,126:268-277.
[18]WESTOBY M,REICH P B,Wright I J.Understanding ecological variation across species:area-based vs. massbased expression of leaf traits[J].New Phytologist,2013,199:322-323.
[19]吴正花,喻理飞,严令斌,等.三叶木通叶片解剖结果和光合特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(6):1156-1163.
[20]BUDAK H,KANTAR M,KURTOGLU K Y.Drought tolerance in modern and wild wheat[J].The Scientific World Journal,2013,23:1-16.
[21]王景燕,龚伟,包秀兰,等.水肥耦合对汉源花椒幼苗叶片光合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(5):1321-1330.
[22]侯裕生,王振华,李文昊,等.水肥耦合对南疆沙区滴灌红枣光合特性及叶绿素相对含量的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(9): 914-919,924.
[23]舒正悦,王景燕,龚伟,等.淹水对水肥耦合管理竹叶花椒幼苗渗透性物质含量的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(5):1139- 1145.
[24]石培君,刘洪光,何新林,等.水肥耦合对滴灌矮化密植大枣生理变化及产量影响[J].核农学报,2018,32(1):177-187.
[25]WANG G,LIU F,XUE S.Nitrogen addition enhanced water uptake by affecting fine root morphology and coarse root anatomy of Chinese pine seedlings[J].Plant and Soil,2017,418(1/2):177-189.
[26]刘卉,郭晓敏,涂淑萍,等.水肥耦合对油茶林地土壤全氮和产量的影响研究[J].土壤通报,2014,45(4):897-902.
[27]钟爽,臧小平,曾会才,等.水肥耦合对香蕉园土壤线虫群落结构及多样性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(23):130-139.
[28]刘峰,仲俊桥,于景麟,等.水肥耦合对杨树根区水、氮运移及吸收的影响研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2019,32(1):42-47.DOI:10.13348/j.cnki. sjlyyj.2018.0102.y.
[29]邱权,李吉跃,王军辉,等.水肥耦合效应对楸树苗木叶片δ13C的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(11):2290-2298.
[30]BHAT R,SUJATHA S.Soil fertility and nutrient uptake by arecanut (Areca catechu L.) as affected by level and frequency of fertigation in a laterite soil[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(3):445-456.
[31]O’NEILL M K,ALLEN S C,HEYDUCK R F,et al.Hybrid poplar (Populus) adaptation to a semi-arid region:results from Northwest New Mexico (2002-2011)[J].Agroforestry Systems,2014,88(3):387-396.
[32]王梓,马履一,贾忠奎,等.1年生欧美107杨地上生物量水肥耦合效应[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(3):49-51.
[33]张锐,张琦,陈加利,等.水肥耦合对核桃光合特性与品质的影响[J].果树学报,2015,32(6):1170-1178.
[34]李双双,王德炉,赵迪.水肥耦合对蓝莓果实产量及品质的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(6):131-139.
[35]扁青永,王振华,胡家帅,等.水肥供应对南疆沙区红枣生理、生长及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(4):165-171.
[36]LV X T,GREGOIRE T F,ELEAN K,et al.Contrasting responses in leaf nutrient-use strategies of two dominant grass species along a 30-yr temperate steppe grazing exclusion chronosequence[J].Plant and Soil,2014,387:69-79.
[37]冯变变,刘小芳,赵勇钢,等.陕西省作物生产蓝绿水足迹核算及影响因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):200-206.
[38]SHANGGUAN Z P, ZHENG S X. Ecological properties of soil water and effects on forest vegetation in the Loess Plateau[J].International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology,2006,13(4):307-314.
[39]韦景树,李宗善,冯晓玙,等.黄土高原人工刺槐林生长衰退的生理生态机制[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(7):2433-2444.
[40]任丽媛,李宗善,王晓春.基于根部年轮与导管特征的黄土高原苜蓿生长衰退原因分析[J].生态学报,2019,39(3):1-11.