聚合物纳米组装微泡沫钻井液体系及其性能评价
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摘要
在高温、高含盐井下作业环境下,微泡沫钻井液体系性能极不稳定,为此,从优化泡沫分子构成的思路出发,设计出的微泡沫分子结构由2部分组成:内部结构为气核,外部结构为由连续相表面活性剂、聚合物处理剂、纳米材料(SiO2)组成的薄膜体系,称此种设计为聚合物纳米组装核-壳结构。微泡沫钻井液体系配方:水+0.4%AOS+0.3%瓜尔胶+(0.12%～0.18%)纳米SiO2。通过电子显微镜对该微泡沫钻井液体系进行了微观形态评价,结果表明该微泡沫钻井液体系性能比较稳定;当温度处于140℃以上时,在该微泡沫钻井液体系中加入质量分数为4%～8%KCl溶液或0.4%～0.8%CaCl2溶液,该微泡沫钻井液体系仍具有良好的发泡能力,说明聚合物纳米组装核-壳结构下的微泡沫钻井液体系耐温耐盐性能良好。该设计对提高微泡沫钻井液体系性能具有重要意义。
The properties of microfoam drilling fluid are quite unstably in the downhole environment of high temperature and high salt content. To solve this problem, a new type of microfoam drilling fluid was designed in this paper based on the idea of optimizing the molecular compositions of foam. It structurally consists of two parts, i.e., internal structure and external structure. The internal structure is a gas nucleus and the external structure is a film system which is composed of continuous phase surfactant, polymer processing agent and nanomaterial(SiO2). Therefore, this design is named as the nucleus-shell structure of polymer nanometer assembly. The formula of microfoam drilling fluid is water + 0.4% AOS + 0.3% guar +(0.12%-0.18%) nano-SiO2. And its microscopic properties were evaluated by means of electron microscope. It is indicated the performance of this microfoam system is stable. When the temperature is above 140 ℃, its foaming capacity is still good if it is added with 4%-8% KCl solution and 0.4%-0.8% CaCl2 solution. It is demonstrated that the microfoam drilling fluid system with the nucleus-shell structure of polymer nanometer assembly is well resistant to high temperature and high salt content. To sum up, this design is of great significance to improving the performance of microfoam drilling fluid systems.
The properties of microfoam drilling fluid are quite unstably in the downhole environment of high temperature and high salt content. To solve this problem, a new type of microfoam drilling fluid was designed in this paper based on the idea of optimizing the molecular compositions of foam. It structurally consists of two parts, i.e., internal structure and external structure. The internal structure is a gas nucleus and the external structure is a film system which is composed of continuous phase surfactant, polymer processing agent and nanomaterial(SiO2). Therefore, this design is named as the nucleus-shell structure of polymer nanometer assembly. The formula of microfoam drilling fluid is water + 0.4% AOS + 0.3% guar +(0.12%-0.18%) nano-SiO2. And its microscopic properties were evaluated by means of electron microscope. It is indicated the performance of this microfoam system is stable. When the temperature is above 140 ℃, its foaming capacity is still good if it is added with 4%-8% KCl solution and 0.4%-0.8% CaCl2 solution. It is demonstrated that the microfoam drilling fluid system with the nucleus-shell structure of polymer nanometer assembly is well resistant to high temperature and high salt content. To sum up, this design is of great significance to improving the performance of microfoam drilling fluid systems.
引文
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[3]LIN Feng,LI Shuhong,LI Yingshun,LI Huanjun,ZHANG Lingjuan,ZHAI Jin,SONG Yanlin,LIU Biqian,JIANG Lei,ZHU Daoben.Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces:From Natural to Artificial[J].Advanced Materials,2002,14(24):1857-1860.
[4]KE Y C,WU T B,XIA Y F.The nucleation crystallization and dispersion behavior of PET-monodisperse SiO2composites[J].Polymer,2007,48(11):3324-3336.
[5]柯杨船.聚合物-无机纳米复合材料[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003.KE Yangchuan.Polymer inorganic nanocomposites[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2003.
[6]史胜龙,王业飞,周代余,昌伦杰,李忠鹏,丁名臣.微泡沫体系直径影响因素及微观稳定性[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(1):103-110.SHI Shenglong,WANG Yefei,ZHOU Daiyu,CHANGLunjie,LI Zhongpeng,DING Mingchen.Bubble size influence factors and microscopic stability of microfoam system[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(1):103-110.
[7]LI J,PAN R,GUO B Y,SHAN J.Thermal stability of brine foams for shale gas drilling[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2014,17:131-135.
[8]SHERIF T,AHMED R,SHAH S,AMANI M.Rheological correlations for oil-based drilling foams[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2016,35:1249-1260.
[9]OZBAYOGLU M,AKIN S,EREN T.Foam characterization using image processing techniques[R].SPE 93860,2005.
[10]王晓军.抗温抗盐无固相微泡沫钻井液研制与现场应用[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(2):58-64.WANG Xiaojun.The development and application of solid-free micro-foam drilling fluid with temperature resistance and salt tolerance[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(2):58-64.
[11]LI C,HUANG Y,SUN X,GAO R,ZENG F.Rheological properties study of foam fracturing fluid using CO2 and surfactant[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2017,170:1-11.
[12]MALHOTRA S,SHARMA M M.Impact of fluid elasticity on miscible viscous fingering[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2014,117:125-135.
[13]车现红,徐妙侠,王树坤,刘洋,张英山.一种可循环泡沫钻井液体系研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(5):141-145.CHE Xianhong,XU Miaoxia,WANG Shukun,LIUYang,ZHANG Yingshan.Research on a recyclable foam drilling fluid system[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Edition of Natural Science),2010,32(5):141-145.
[14]SHIVHARE S,KURD E.Physico-chemical characterization of norraqucous colloidal gas aphron-based drilling fluids[C].Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference,19-21 October2010,BMO Center Stampede Park·Calgary,Alberta,Canada,2010.