微波预处理对白云鄂博矿矿物加工效率的影响
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摘要
利用微波的选择性加热特点,在白云鄂博矿矿物加工的若干个节点嵌入微波预处理以期提升矿物加工的效益。系统测试了微波预处理白云鄂博矿对磨矿过程能耗以及磨矿产品特征和可浮性的影响,发现"破碎-微波预处理-磨矿"方案要优于"微波预处理-破碎-磨矿"方案。微波预处理提高了白云鄂博矿的可磨性,减少了能源消耗。借助XRD的检测手段,确定了微波预处理白云鄂博原矿时既能产生裂隙又不使氟碳铈矿物矿相发生变化的作用时间最长为300 s;同时,浮选稀土结果也显示微波预处理时间少于300 s时白云鄂博稀土矿物可浮性没有明显变化,可推断矿相没有改变。微波预处理白云鄂博提高了水力破碎的产率,间接证实了微波作用使不同矿物间产生裂隙的假设。实验发现微波干燥提高矿物的干燥效率,能耗是常规干燥的四分之一,并随着矿物的质量的增加微波干燥的高效愈加明显;而且微波干燥后的浮选稀土的指标高于常规方法干燥的矿物。
Microwave treatment was used in mineral processing of Bayan Obo ores to increase processing efficiency.Effects of microwave treatment on energy consumption of grinding process,characteristics of grinding products and floatability were tested. It was found that the process of crushing-microwave treatment-grinding was better than that of microwave treatment-crushing-grinding. Microwave treatment increased the grindatbility of Bayan Obo ores and decreased energy consumption of grinding process. XRD analysis showed that microwave treatment in grinding process for 300 seconds genenated fractures in ores and kept mineral structure of bastnaesite unchanged. Flotation results confinmed that microwave treatment for less than300 seconds kept floatability of Bayan Obo ores unchanged. Microwave treatment enhanced productivity of high pressure water jet comminution. Microwave drying improved the drying efficience and floatability of minerals.
Microwave treatment was used in mineral processing of Bayan Obo ores to increase processing efficiency.Effects of microwave treatment on energy consumption of grinding process,characteristics of grinding products and floatability were tested. It was found that the process of crushing-microwave treatment-grinding was better than that of microwave treatment-crushing-grinding. Microwave treatment increased the grindatbility of Bayan Obo ores and decreased energy consumption of grinding process. XRD analysis showed that microwave treatment in grinding process for 300 seconds genenated fractures in ores and kept mineral structure of bastnaesite unchanged. Flotation results confinmed that microwave treatment for less than300 seconds kept floatability of Bayan Obo ores unchanged. Microwave treatment enhanced productivity of high pressure water jet comminution. Microwave drying improved the drying efficience and floatability of minerals.
引文
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[22]李解,李成元,李保卫,等.微波加热低品位稀土精矿酸浸实验研究[J].稀有金属,2014,28(5):839-845.Li J,Li Y C,Li B W,Acid leaching of low grade rare earth concentrate by microwave heating[J]. Rare Metal,2014,28(5):839-845.
[2]程建忠,车丽萍.中国稀土资源开采现状及发展趋势[J].稀土,2010,31(2):10-15.Chen J Z,Che L P. Resource and environment protected exploitation model for ion-type rare earth deposit in Southern of China[J]. Chinese Rare Earths,2010,31(2):10-15.
[3]李春龙.稀土在钢中应用与研究新进展[J].稀土,2013,34(3):10-15.Li C L. New development of research on rare earth application in steels[J]. Chinese Rare Earths,2013,34(3):10-15.
[4]杨合,荣宜,薛向欣,等.包头稀土尾矿中回收铁的直接还原研究[J].中国稀土学报,2012,55(5):31-34.Yang H,Rong Y,Xue X X,et al.Research on direct reduction of Baotou rare earth tailings to recover iron[J].Journal of The Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2012,55(5):31-34.
[5]黄万抚,文金磊,陈园园.我国稀土矿选矿药剂和工艺的研究现状及展望白云鄂博尾矿某些稀有元素的提取研究[J].有色金属科学与工程.2012,75(6):20-26.Huang W F,Wen J L,Chen Y Y. Research status and prospect of rare earth ore dressing reagents and technology in China and the extraction of some rare elements in Baiyunebo tailings[J]. Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering,2012,75(6):20-26.
[6]施尤伊S A.微波在矿业中的应用[J].矿业工程,2003,12(6):14-18.Shi Y Y S A.Application of microwave in mining industry[J]. Mineral Engineering,2003,13(6):14-18.
[7]刘全军,熊燕琴.微波在铁矿石选择性磨细中的应用机理研究[J].云南冶金,1997,6(3):25-28.Liu Q J,Xiong Y Q. Study on the application of microwave in selective grinding of iron ore[J]. Yunnan Metallurgy,1997,6(3):25-28.
[8]岳铁兵.微波助磨作用浅析[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2003(增刊):89-90.Yue T B. Analysis of microwave assisted grinding[J].China Non-metallic Mining Industry Herald,2003(Suppl.):89-90.
[9] S A塞伊.微波在矿业中的应用[J].国外金属矿选矿,2002,9:14-18.S A Sai Yi. pplication of microwave in mining industry[J]. Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2002,9:14-18.
[10] Foo Keng Yuen,Hameed B H.Revent developments in the preparation and regeneration of activated carbons by microwaves[J]. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,2009,149:19-27.
[11]杨中止,丁保华.微波技术的研究进展[J].中国陶瓷,2008,(10):3-5.Yang Z Z,Ding B H. Research progress of microwave technology[J]. Chinese Ceramics,2008,(10):3-5.
[12]吴贺君.我国微波技术应用的发展现状及市场前景[J].长春师范学院学报:自然科学版,2012,31(6):45-46,44.Wu H J. Research on automated table pre-processing techniques[J]. Journal of Changchun Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2012,31(6):45-46,44.
[13] Suhm. Rapid wave microwave technology for drying sensitive products[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2000,5:69-71.
[14] Bradshaws M. Application of microwave heating mineral processing[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,1999,95(9):394-396.
[15]熊建辉,段旭琴,孙亚君,等.微波技术在煤炭脱硫方面的研究进展[J].选煤技术,2013,5:15-19.Xiong J H,Duan X Q,Sun Y J,et al.Research progress of microwave technology in the coal desulfurization[J].Coal Preparation Technology,2013,5:15-19.
[16]宗宝,赵志明,邓爱军.微波技术在煤炭加工利用过程中的应用[J].现代国企研究,2015,15:30-33.Zong B,Zhao Z M,Deng A J. Application of microwave technology in coal processing and utilization[J]. Modern State-owned Enterprise Research,2015,15:30-33.
[17] Vladimir R. The effect of microwave pretreatment on impact breakage of copperore[J].Minerals Engineering,2011,24:1609-1618.
[18] Vorster W,Rowson N A,Kingman S W.The effect of microwave radiation upon the processing of Neves Corvo copper ore[J].Mineral Processing,2001,63:29-44.
[19] Kingmana S W,Jackson K,Bradshaw S M,et al. An investigation into the influence of microwave treatment on mineral ore comminution[J]. Powder Technology,2004,146:176-184.
[20] Schmuhl R,Smit J T,Marsh J H. The influence of microwave pretreatment of the leach behaviour of disseminated sulphide ore[J]. Hydrometallurgy,2011,108:157-164.
[21]朱向楠,何亚群,微波预处理对炼焦中煤解离及浮选行为的影响研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学,2014.Zhu X N,He Y Q,Study on pretreatment influence of microwave the liberation and flotation characteristic of coking middlings[D]. Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology,2014.
[22]李解,李成元,李保卫,等.微波加热低品位稀土精矿酸浸实验研究[J].稀有金属,2014,28(5):839-845.Li J,Li Y C,Li B W,Acid leaching of low grade rare earth concentrate by microwave heating[J]. Rare Metal,2014,28(5):839-845.