ZK61镁合金锻造组织动态力学行为各向异性研究
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摘要
利用分离式Hopkinson Bar技术,对ZK61镁合金锻造变形组织不同取向的圆柱试样进行动态压缩试验,结合宏观力学响应及微观分析方法,研究了ZK61镁合金不同取向试样的动态力学性能各向异性及变形机制.结果表明:在高应变率条件下,ZK61镁合金锻造变形组织TD及ND方向动态力学性能各向异性不明显,而RD方向与TD及ND方向相比,具有显著的动态力学行为各向异性特点;随着应变率的增加,不同取向试样中孪晶数量变化不同,且ND方向孪晶数量增加最为迅速,RD方向孪晶增加最为缓慢,而TD方向的孪晶迅速增加后明显减少;3个取向的动态力学行为各向异性主要由不同取向的塑性变形机制不同所致.
Using split Hopkinson Bar technology, for the cylindrical specimens made by the different orientation of forged ZK61 magnesium alloy, dynamic compression test have been conducted and the dynamic mechanical behavioral anisotropy and deformation mechanism have been investigated by combining the mechanical response with micro-analysis method. The results show that the transverse direction(TD) and the normal direction(ND) of the forged ZK61 magnesium alloy has few anisotropic characteristic of the dynamic mechanical behavior, while the rolling direction(RD) have conspicuous anisotropic characteristic of the dynamic mechanical behavior comparing with TD and ND. With the increase of strain rate, the change of the number of twins in different orientation specimens is different. The increase of numbers of the twins in ND specimen is the fastest and the slowest in RD specimen, while twins in TD specimen increases rapidly at first and then decreases significantly. The different plastic deformation mechanisms in the different orientations specimens results in the anisotropy of the dynamic mechanical behavior in the ZK61 magnesium alloy specimens.
Using split Hopkinson Bar technology, for the cylindrical specimens made by the different orientation of forged ZK61 magnesium alloy, dynamic compression test have been conducted and the dynamic mechanical behavioral anisotropy and deformation mechanism have been investigated by combining the mechanical response with micro-analysis method. The results show that the transverse direction(TD) and the normal direction(ND) of the forged ZK61 magnesium alloy has few anisotropic characteristic of the dynamic mechanical behavior, while the rolling direction(RD) have conspicuous anisotropic characteristic of the dynamic mechanical behavior comparing with TD and ND. With the increase of strain rate, the change of the number of twins in different orientation specimens is different. The increase of numbers of the twins in ND specimen is the fastest and the slowest in RD specimen, while twins in TD specimen increases rapidly at first and then decreases significantly. The different plastic deformation mechanisms in the different orientations specimens results in the anisotropy of the dynamic mechanical behavior in the ZK61 magnesium alloy specimens.
引文
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[24]Dudamell N V,Ulacia I,Gálvez F,et al.Twinning and grain subdivision during dynamic deformation of a Mg AZ31 sheet alloy at room temperature[J].Acta Materialia,2011,59(18):6 949-6 962.DOI:10.1016/j.actamat.2011.07.047.
[25]胡轶嵩,杨平,赵祖德,等.利用取向成像研究镁合金的孪生过程[J].中国有色金属学报,2004,14(1):105-111.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0609.2004.01.022.Hu Y S,Yang P,Zhao Z D,et al.Investigation of twinning process in magnesium alloy by means of orientation mapping[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2004,14(1):105-111.
[26]吴园园,谭成文,杨勇彪,等.高应变率下AZ31B镁合金力学行为各向异性[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(3):404-408.Wu Y Y,Tan C W,Yang Y B,et al.Research on the Anisotropy of Hot Rolled AZ31B alloy at high strain rate[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(3):404-408.
[2]Mordike B L,Ebert T.Magnesium:Properties-applications-potential[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2001,302(1):37-45.
[3]Aghion E,Bronfin B.Magnesium alloys development towards the 21st century[C]//Materials Science Forum.2000:19-30.
[4]Schumann S,Friedrich H.Current and future use of magnesium in the automobile industry[J].Materials Science Forum,2003,51:419-422.
[5]Furuya H,Kogiso N,Matunaga S,et al.Applications of magnesium alloys for aerospace structure systems[J].Materials Science Forum,2000,350-351:341-348.DOI:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.350-351.
[6]余琨,黎文献,王日初,等.变形镁合金的研究、开发及应用[J].中国有色金属学报,2003,13(2):277-288.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0609.2003.02.001.Yu K,Li W X,Wang R C,et al.Research,development and application of wrought magnesium alloy[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2003,13(2):277-288.
[7]徐媛,向文丽,刘晋豪,等.TC6钛合金力学行为及其失效研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,37(3):405-409.Xu Y,Xiang W L,Liu J H,et al.Research on mechanical behavior and failure of TC6 titanium alloy[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2015,37(3):405-409.
[8]孙坤,徐媛,刘晋豪.TC6钛合金4种典型组织的动态力学行为研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(2):185-190.Sun K,Xu Y,Liu J H.Study on dynamic mechanical behavior of four kinds of typical microstructure of TC6titanium alloy[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2012,34(2):185-190.
[9]徐媛,孙坤,钟卫,等.α相与β相比例对TC6钛合金力学性能的影响[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2012(3):320-323.Xu Y,Sun K,Zhong W,et al.The effects of proportion ofαphase andβphase on mechanical properties of TC6titanium alloy[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2012(3):320-323.
[10]黄晨光,董永香,段祝平,等.钨合金的冲击动力学性质及细微观结构的影响[J].力学进展,2003,33(4):433-445.Huang C G,Dong Y X,Duan Z P,et al.Dynamic behaviors of tungsten alloy and its dependence on micro-and mesoscopic structures[J].Advances in Mechanics,2003,33(4):433-445.
[11]万刚.镁合金变形组织、织构的演变规律及其力学行为研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2012.Wan G.Research on the development of microstructure,texture and mechanical behavior of magnesium alloys during the deformation[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012.
[12]曲家惠.镁合金塑性变形的组织和织构的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2008.Qu J H.Study on microstructures and textures of magnesium alloy deformed plastically[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2008.
[13]吴章斌,桂良进,范子杰.AZ31B镁合金挤压板材力学性能的各向异性[J].材料研究学报,2012,26(2):218-224.Wu Z B,Gui L J,Fan Z J.The mechanical properties of extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2012,26(2):218-224.
[14]陈文振.ZK61镁合金薄板轧制与组织、织构及性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.Chen W Z.Research on microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of ZK61 Mg thin sheets produced by rolling[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[15]孙营,池成忠,李黎忱,等.各向异性ZK60镁合金板材拉深成形过程中凸耳行为研究[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(1):85-91.Sun Y,Chi C Z,Li L C,et al.Effect of anisotropic of ZK60 magnesium alloy sheet on its earing behavior during deep drawing process[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2017,24(1):85-91.
[16]胡水平,王哲.织构和晶粒尺寸对AZ31镁合金薄板成形性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2012(9):2 424-2 429.Hu S P,Wang Z.Effects of texture and grain size on press formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2012(9):2 424-2 429.
[17]张代东,张虎,于学花,等.稀土铈对AZ61A镁合金组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2011,36(12):49-54.Zhang D D,Zhang H,Yu X H,et al.Effect of Ce on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61Amagnesium alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2011,36(12):49-54.
[18]李杰华,介万奇,杨光昱,等.合金化元素Zn对GW系镁合金组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属学报,2007,43(10):1 077-1 081.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0412-1961.2007.10.013.Li J H,Jie W Q,Yang G Y,et al.Infulences of alloying element Zn on the microstructures and mechanical properties of GW series magnesium alloys[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2007,43(10):1 077-1 081.
[19]陈振华,刘俊伟,陈鼎,等.镁合金超塑性的变形机理研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国有色金属学报,2008,18(2):193-202.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0609.2008.02.001.Chen Z H,Liu J W,Chen D,et al.Deformation mechanisms,current status and development direction of superplastic magnesium alloys[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2008,18(2):193-202.
[20]Rittel D,Wang Z G,Merzer M.Adiabatic shear failure and dynamic stored energy of cold work[J].Physical Review Letters,2006,96(7):075502.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.075502.
[21]程传坤,杨勇彪,张治民,等.变形态AZ80+T5镁合金动态力学行为各向异性研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2016,39(1):27-31.Cheng C K Yang Y B,ZHANG Z M,et al.Anisotropic dynamic mechanical behaviors of wrought AZ80+T5magnesium alloy[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2016,39(1):27-31.
[22]于勇.AZ31B镁合金板材拉伸力学性能的各向异性研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2009.Yu Y.Anisotropy of tensile mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2009.
[23]Xiang-Dong W U,Wan M,Zhou X B.The yield loci of anisotropic sheet metals[J].Material Science&Technology,2004,12(4):391-397.
[24]Dudamell N V,Ulacia I,Gálvez F,et al.Twinning and grain subdivision during dynamic deformation of a Mg AZ31 sheet alloy at room temperature[J].Acta Materialia,2011,59(18):6 949-6 962.DOI:10.1016/j.actamat.2011.07.047.
[25]胡轶嵩,杨平,赵祖德,等.利用取向成像研究镁合金的孪生过程[J].中国有色金属学报,2004,14(1):105-111.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0609.2004.01.022.Hu Y S,Yang P,Zhao Z D,et al.Investigation of twinning process in magnesium alloy by means of orientation mapping[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2004,14(1):105-111.
[26]吴园园,谭成文,杨勇彪,等.高应变率下AZ31B镁合金力学行为各向异性[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(3):404-408.Wu Y Y,Tan C W,Yang Y B,et al.Research on the Anisotropy of Hot Rolled AZ31B alloy at high strain rate[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(3):404-408.