积极心理学视域下团体心理辅导技术对提升研究生心理韧性的效果
|
摘要
目的:理论分析并通过实证干预探讨积极心理学理念指导的团体心理辅导技术对提升研究生心理韧性水平的效果。方法:深入思考团体心理辅导技术在培养提升研究生心理韧性的意义与价值。同时,采用不相等实验组控制组前后测准实验设计,选取心理韧性得分低于60分的30名研究生为被试,其中15名为团体心理辅导干预组,另15名为对照组。结合积极心理学理念设计团体心理辅导方案,对干预组被试进行为期4周,每周2次,每次3小时的团体心理干预,对照组在研究期间不接受任何心理辅导。两组被试在研究前后采用心理韧性量表中文版进行测评。结果:积极心理学理念的团体心理辅导对提高研究生的"我有"、"我是"、"我能"存在积极意义,也具有独特优势。实证干预研究结果发现,接受积极团体心理辅导的研究生干预后的心理韧性得分明显高于干预前(t=-5.142～-1.968,P<0.05),对照组的前、后测得分不存在显著差异(P>0.05);干预组与对照组研究生的心理韧性得分在干预前后的变化值存在显著差异,干预组的变化值明显大于对照组(t=6.052,P<0.01)。结论:积极心理学理念指导的团体心理辅导技术对研究生心理韧性水平的提升具有积极效果。
Objective:To explore the effect of group psychological counseling on the improvement of postgraduate resilience through empirical intervention.Methods:We theoretical thought about the significance and value of group counseling in cultivating postgraduates' resilience.At the same time,with the design of unequal experimental group control group pre and post test,30 postgraduates were selected according to the score of resilience in Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)less than 60,of which 15 were psychological intervention group and the other 15 were the control group.Group counseling program was designed based on the positive psychology perspective,and the intervention group attended the group psychological intervention for 4 weeks,2 times per week,and 3 hours each time,while the control group did not accept any psychological counseling during the study.The two groups were evaluated by the Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC,Chinese version)before and after the study.Results:The group psychological guidance of positive psychological perspective had positive and unique advantages to improve the postgraduate's "I have", "I am",and "I can".The results of empirical intervention study found that the score of resilience of postgraduate students receiving positive group counseling was significantly higher than that before intervention(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the pre and post test scores in the control group(P>0.05).Meanwhile,there were significant differences in the scores of resilience before and after intervention between the intervention group and the control group.The change in the intervention group was significantly bigger than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Group psychological counseling guided by positive psychology has a positive effect on improving the resilience level of postgraduates.
Objective:To explore the effect of group psychological counseling on the improvement of postgraduate resilience through empirical intervention.Methods:We theoretical thought about the significance and value of group counseling in cultivating postgraduates' resilience.At the same time,with the design of unequal experimental group control group pre and post test,30 postgraduates were selected according to the score of resilience in Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)less than 60,of which 15 were psychological intervention group and the other 15 were the control group.Group counseling program was designed based on the positive psychology perspective,and the intervention group attended the group psychological intervention for 4 weeks,2 times per week,and 3 hours each time,while the control group did not accept any psychological counseling during the study.The two groups were evaluated by the Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC,Chinese version)before and after the study.Results:The group psychological guidance of positive psychological perspective had positive and unique advantages to improve the postgraduate's "I have", "I am",and "I can".The results of empirical intervention study found that the score of resilience of postgraduate students receiving positive group counseling was significantly higher than that before intervention(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the pre and post test scores in the control group(P>0.05).Meanwhile,there were significant differences in the scores of resilience before and after intervention between the intervention group and the control group.The change in the intervention group was significantly bigger than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Group psychological counseling guided by positive psychology has a positive effect on improving the resilience level of postgraduates.
引文
[1]马喜亭,李卫华.研究生心理健康状况与生活压力调查研究[J].中国特殊教育,2011(4):91-96
[2]江立成,杨峰.当前我国研究生心理健康问题分析及对策[J].中国高教研究,2005(7):31-34
[3]朱美燕.研究生心理健康教育现状调查分析与对策思考[J].黑龙江高教研究,2017(3):117-121
[4]张阔,张赛,董颖红.积极心理资本:测量及其与心理健康的关系[J].心理与行为研究,2010,8(1):58-64
[5]王雅倩,王丽,向光富.大学生大五人格与主观幸福感:心理弹性的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(1):112-116
[6]李义安,张金秀.高中生心理韧性与主观幸福感和心理健康的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(7):797-799
[7]刘勉,齐文风,赵静波.研究生心理韧性与心理健康的关系[J].职业与健康,2015,31(22):3114-3116
[8]席居哲,左志宏.心理韧性研究诸进路[J].心理科学进展,2012,20(9):1426-1447
[9]李海垒,张文新.心理韧性研究综述[J].山东师范大学学报,2006,51(3):149-152
[10]刘丹,石国兴,郑新红.论积极心理学视野下的心理韧性[J].心理学探新,2010,30(4):12-17
[11]Garmezy,N.Stress-resistant children:The search for protective factors.In:J.Stevens(Ed).Recent research in developmental psychopathology[M].Oxford,England:Pergamon Press,1985:213-233
[12]Rutter,M.Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms.In:Rolf,J.,Masten,A.S.,Cicchetti,D.,Nuechterlein,K.H.,et al.(Ed).Risk and protective factors in the development of psychopathology[M].Cambridge,New York.1990:181-214
[13]杜晓莉,陈晓楠,韩丹,等.陆军某部新兵自我效能感、心理弹性与心理应激水平关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2018,26(4):571-584
[14]桑利杰,陈光旭,朱建军.大学生社会支持与学习适应的关系:心理韧性的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(2):248-252
[15]张雷.研究生心理韧性及其培养策略探析[J].学位与研究生教育,2015(3):47-50
[16]Grotberg,E H.The international resilience project:findings from the research and the effectiveness of interventions[C].Paper Presented at the 54th Annual Convention,International Council of Psychologists,Banff,Canada,July,1996:24-28
[17]孙时进,高艳.团体心理辅导:理论与应用的多维度思考[J].思想理论教育,2006(3):60-62
[18]Yu X N,Zhang J X.Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)in Chinese people[J].Social Behavior and Personality.2007,35(1):19-30
[2]江立成,杨峰.当前我国研究生心理健康问题分析及对策[J].中国高教研究,2005(7):31-34
[3]朱美燕.研究生心理健康教育现状调查分析与对策思考[J].黑龙江高教研究,2017(3):117-121
[4]张阔,张赛,董颖红.积极心理资本:测量及其与心理健康的关系[J].心理与行为研究,2010,8(1):58-64
[5]王雅倩,王丽,向光富.大学生大五人格与主观幸福感:心理弹性的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(1):112-116
[6]李义安,张金秀.高中生心理韧性与主观幸福感和心理健康的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(7):797-799
[7]刘勉,齐文风,赵静波.研究生心理韧性与心理健康的关系[J].职业与健康,2015,31(22):3114-3116
[8]席居哲,左志宏.心理韧性研究诸进路[J].心理科学进展,2012,20(9):1426-1447
[9]李海垒,张文新.心理韧性研究综述[J].山东师范大学学报,2006,51(3):149-152
[10]刘丹,石国兴,郑新红.论积极心理学视野下的心理韧性[J].心理学探新,2010,30(4):12-17
[11]Garmezy,N.Stress-resistant children:The search for protective factors.In:J.Stevens(Ed).Recent research in developmental psychopathology[M].Oxford,England:Pergamon Press,1985:213-233
[12]Rutter,M.Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms.In:Rolf,J.,Masten,A.S.,Cicchetti,D.,Nuechterlein,K.H.,et al.(Ed).Risk and protective factors in the development of psychopathology[M].Cambridge,New York.1990:181-214
[13]杜晓莉,陈晓楠,韩丹,等.陆军某部新兵自我效能感、心理弹性与心理应激水平关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2018,26(4):571-584
[14]桑利杰,陈光旭,朱建军.大学生社会支持与学习适应的关系:心理韧性的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(2):248-252
[15]张雷.研究生心理韧性及其培养策略探析[J].学位与研究生教育,2015(3):47-50
[16]Grotberg,E H.The international resilience project:findings from the research and the effectiveness of interventions[C].Paper Presented at the 54th Annual Convention,International Council of Psychologists,Banff,Canada,July,1996:24-28
[17]孙时进,高艳.团体心理辅导:理论与应用的多维度思考[J].思想理论教育,2006(3):60-62
[18]Yu X N,Zhang J X.Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)in Chinese people[J].Social Behavior and Personality.2007,35(1):19-30