江苏省城乡居民心血管病高危人群流行病学特征及聚集性分析
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摘要
目的了解江苏省城乡居民心血管病高危人群流行病学特征及聚集性,为全省心血管病防治策略提供科学依据。方法在全省选取6个县(区),于2015—2017年进行心血管病高危人群筛查,分析不同特征人群心血管病高危特征及聚集性。结果共筛查83 530人,检出心血管病高危对象21 362例,检出率为25.57%,其中男性、年龄较大者、农村、高中以下文化者、农民、家庭年收入<5万者检出率较高(P值均<0.001)。从不同类型看,血压高型检出率最高(19.24%),其他依次为患病风险≥20%型(5.77%)、血脂异常型(5.32%)和心血管病史型(3.29%);1、2、3、4种高危类型构成比分别为72.19%、24.31%、3.31%、0.19%,不同特征人群高危类型检出率和高危类型聚集性分布差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论江苏省心血管病高危人群检出率较高,且高危类型呈聚集性,应采取综合干预措施,以减少居民心血管病发病风险。
Objective To understand high risk epidemic characteristics and clustering of cardiovascular diseases among urban and rural residents;to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Jiangsu province.Methods A total of 6 counties(districts)were selected in Jiangsu province.The high risk population of cardiovascular diseases was screened by questionnaire from 2015 to 2017.High risk characteristics and clustering of cardiovascular disease were analyzed for groups with different characteristics.Results A total of 83 530 subjects were screened and 21 362 high-risk subjects of cardiovascular diseases were detected,resulting detection rate of 25.57%.Male,old subjects,rural residents,subjects with educational background of high school or lower,farmer,annual household income below 50,000 RMB had relative higher detection rates of cardiovascular diseases(all P<0.05).For different indices,the detection rate of high blood pressure was the highest(19.24%),followed by disease risk ≥20%(5.77%),dyslipidemia(5.32%)and cardiovascular history(3.29%).The composition rates of 1,2,3 and 4 high risk types were 72.19%,24.31%,3.31%,0.19%,respectively.There were significant differences for the detection rates and distribution patterns among groups of different characteristics(all P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of cardiovascular diseases in Jiangsu province is high,the high-risk types are clustered.Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among high-risk population.
Objective To understand high risk epidemic characteristics and clustering of cardiovascular diseases among urban and rural residents;to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Jiangsu province.Methods A total of 6 counties(districts)were selected in Jiangsu province.The high risk population of cardiovascular diseases was screened by questionnaire from 2015 to 2017.High risk characteristics and clustering of cardiovascular disease were analyzed for groups with different characteristics.Results A total of 83 530 subjects were screened and 21 362 high-risk subjects of cardiovascular diseases were detected,resulting detection rate of 25.57%.Male,old subjects,rural residents,subjects with educational background of high school or lower,farmer,annual household income below 50,000 RMB had relative higher detection rates of cardiovascular diseases(all P<0.05).For different indices,the detection rate of high blood pressure was the highest(19.24%),followed by disease risk ≥20%(5.77%),dyslipidemia(5.32%)and cardiovascular history(3.29%).The composition rates of 1,2,3 and 4 high risk types were 72.19%,24.31%,3.31%,0.19%,respectively.There were significant differences for the detection rates and distribution patterns among groups of different characteristics(all P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of cardiovascular diseases in Jiangsu province is high,the high-risk types are clustered.Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among high-risk population.
引文
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[13]张梅,黄正京,李镒冲,等.中国35岁及以上人群缺血性心血管病10年发病风险预测[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):689-693.
[14]张雷,崔红月,刘爱萍,等.北京市城乡结合部中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及聚集情况分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2010,18(3):238-240.
[15]马永辉,逄凯,于建星,等.吉林省中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(7):687-690.
[2]陈伟伟,王文,隋辉,等.《中国心血管病报告2016》要点解读[J].中华高血压杂志,2017,32(7):605-608.
[3]罗红毅,周金意,陶然,等.2010—2016年江苏省心血管病死亡流行趋势及寿命损失分析[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(5):488-492.
[4] WHO.Prevention of recurrent heart attacks and strokes in low and middle income populations:evidence-based recommendations for policy-makers and health professionals[R]. Geneva:WHO,2003.
[5]徐敏皋,孙国祥,周正元,等.常熟地区心血管病流行特点调查分析[J].上海预防医学,2003,15(12):624-625.
[6] W H O.Prevention of cardiovascular disease:pocket guidelines for assessment and management of cardiovascular risk:(WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk prediction charts for the African Region)[R].Geneva:WHO,2007.
[7] Lu JP,Xuan S,Downing NS,et al.Protocol for the China PEACE(Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events)Million Persons Project pilot[J].BMJ Open,2016,6(1):e010200.
[8]姚文明,巩曰云.心血管病主要危险因素体检人群的年龄性别分布特征[J].中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2010,13(8):1182-1183.
[9]吴升平,滑蓉蓉,王文志,等.北京市社区中老年心血管疾病患者相关疾病知识、信念、行为水平与经济收入的关系[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2009,17(5):444-447.
[10] Yan R,Li W,Yin L,et al.Cardiovascular Diseases and RiskFactor Burden in Urban and RuralCommunities in High-,Middle-,and Low-Income Regions of China:A Large CommunityBased Epidemiological Study[J].JAHA,2017,6(2):1-12.
[11]中国高血压防治指南修订会.中国高血压防治指南2010[J].中华高血压杂志,2011,19(8):701-742.
[12]杨金友,潘恩春,刘林飞,等.社区的高血压规范化管理研究进展[J].江苏预防医学,2009,20(3):84-86.
[13]张梅,黄正京,李镒冲,等.中国35岁及以上人群缺血性心血管病10年发病风险预测[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):689-693.
[14]张雷,崔红月,刘爱萍,等.北京市城乡结合部中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及聚集情况分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2010,18(3):238-240.
[15]马永辉,逄凯,于建星,等.吉林省中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(7):687-690.