对医学领域研究生选择科研方向的参考建议
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摘要
为了进一步显著提高医学领域研究生培养效率,系统分析了当前医学领域尤其是慢病防控领域研究思路中存在的问题和瓶颈,结合国内外相关领域研究进展以及自研形成的新医学理论和菌心说学说,为医学领域研究生提供科研思路和方向参考,建议研究生在选择科研方向时,务必注意以批判的眼光审视当前的医学问题(尤其是慢病防控和健康管理相关问题),鼓励大胆假设、小心求证,应独立思考、独立判断,避免人云亦云,从而提升自己的逻辑思维能力和学术判断水平,以便培养出一批独具慧眼、能够引领我国医学领域未来发展与健康管理事业的优秀接班人。
In order to significantly improve the education efficiency of postgraduate in medical field,in this paper,we proposed a systematic analysis on problems and bottlenecks of medical studies. Meanwhile,based on current rapid progresses on the relation between microbiota and the human beings as well as the research results of our laboratory,we presented the new " gut flora-centric theory" and the related research direction to the postgraduate students and suggesting them using a critical perspective in medical studies to improve their logical thinking abilities and the academic judgment. Therefore,it is possible to cultivate a large number of excellent medical postgraduate students qualified for our country to win the war fighting on chronic diseases and to start the new health care management in near future.
In order to significantly improve the education efficiency of postgraduate in medical field,in this paper,we proposed a systematic analysis on problems and bottlenecks of medical studies. Meanwhile,based on current rapid progresses on the relation between microbiota and the human beings as well as the research results of our laboratory,we presented the new " gut flora-centric theory" and the related research direction to the postgraduate students and suggesting them using a critical perspective in medical studies to improve their logical thinking abilities and the academic judgment. Therefore,it is possible to cultivate a large number of excellent medical postgraduate students qualified for our country to win the war fighting on chronic diseases and to start the new health care management in near future.
引文
[1]Ridaura VK,Faith JJ,Rey FE,et al. Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice[J]. Science,2013,341(6150):1241214.
[2] Kau AL,Ahern PP,Griffin NW,et al. Human nutrition,the gut microbiome and the immune system[J]. Nature,2011,474(7351):327-336.
[3] Meijnikman AS,Gerdes VE,Nieuwdorp M,et al. Evaluating causality of gut microbiota in obesity and diabetes in humans[J].Endocr Rev,2018,39(2):133-153.
[4]张成岗.《新医学.菌心说.云医院》[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,2016.
[5]张成岗.当前慢病防控困境迫切呼唤新医学和菌心说[J].科技导报,2015,33(22):106-111.
[6]张成岗.青蒿素研发及屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖的启示[J].科技导报,2015,33(20):86-89.
[7]Zhang C. The Gut Flora-Centric Theory based on the new medical hypothesis of“hunger sensation comes from gut flora”:A new model for understanding the etiology of chronic diseases in human beings[J].Austin Int Med,2018,3(3):1030-1036.
[8]巩文静,黄清健,高大文,等.柔性辟谷技术在青年人群体重控制中的应用[J].军事医学,2016,40(8):651-656.
[9]苏玉顺,徐艳艳,卢一鸣,等.柔性辟谷技术对慢性荨麻疹改善作用的初步研究[J].转化医学电子杂志,2017,4(12):20-25.
[10]黄清健,滕淑珍,高大文,等.灾害救援中柔性辟谷提高救援效率的应急方案[J].灾害医学与救援(电子版),2015,4(2):81-85.
[11]高大文,巩文静,李志慧,等.柔性辟谷技术对早期糖尿病患者高血糖改善作用的初步研究[J].中国食物与营养,2018,24(4):76-79,83.
[12] Gong W,Sun C,Teng S,et al. Evaluation of a novel fasting approach using plant polysaccharides per meal in human symbionts[J].Int Clin Med,2018,2(2):1-12.
[13]卢宁,巩文静,李志慧,等.柔性辟谷技术减重及改善血压血糖的初步研究[J].中国民康医学,2018,30(18):4-7.
[14]Desai M S,Seekatz A M,Koropatkin N M,et al. A dietary fiberdeprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility[J]. Cell,2016,167(5):1339-1353.e21.
[15]张成岗,巩文静,李志慧,等.菌心进化论:一种对于动物进化的新理解[J].生物信息学,2018.(in press)未出版不可引用。
[16]任青河,黄江南,黄荣杰,等.柔性辟谷技术改善高血压的初步研究[J].中国食物与营养,2017,23(8):70-75.
[17]张成岗.人体微生态尤其是肠道微生态为新药研发提供前所未有的机遇和挑战[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2016,30(7):703-713.
[18]曾本华,魏泓.无菌动物在人类健康和疾病研究中应用[J].实验动物与比较医学,2012,32(3):250-253.
[19]巩文静.柔性辟谷技术用于改善体重的临床观察研究[D].北京:中国人民解放军军事医学科学院,2017.
[20]张成岗,巩文静.基于饥饿源于菌群的新发现将引发慢病防控突破性进展[J].科技导报,2017,35(21):43-48.
[2] Kau AL,Ahern PP,Griffin NW,et al. Human nutrition,the gut microbiome and the immune system[J]. Nature,2011,474(7351):327-336.
[3] Meijnikman AS,Gerdes VE,Nieuwdorp M,et al. Evaluating causality of gut microbiota in obesity and diabetes in humans[J].Endocr Rev,2018,39(2):133-153.
[4]张成岗.《新医学.菌心说.云医院》[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,2016.
[5]张成岗.当前慢病防控困境迫切呼唤新医学和菌心说[J].科技导报,2015,33(22):106-111.
[6]张成岗.青蒿素研发及屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖的启示[J].科技导报,2015,33(20):86-89.
[7]Zhang C. The Gut Flora-Centric Theory based on the new medical hypothesis of“hunger sensation comes from gut flora”:A new model for understanding the etiology of chronic diseases in human beings[J].Austin Int Med,2018,3(3):1030-1036.
[8]巩文静,黄清健,高大文,等.柔性辟谷技术在青年人群体重控制中的应用[J].军事医学,2016,40(8):651-656.
[9]苏玉顺,徐艳艳,卢一鸣,等.柔性辟谷技术对慢性荨麻疹改善作用的初步研究[J].转化医学电子杂志,2017,4(12):20-25.
[10]黄清健,滕淑珍,高大文,等.灾害救援中柔性辟谷提高救援效率的应急方案[J].灾害医学与救援(电子版),2015,4(2):81-85.
[11]高大文,巩文静,李志慧,等.柔性辟谷技术对早期糖尿病患者高血糖改善作用的初步研究[J].中国食物与营养,2018,24(4):76-79,83.
[12] Gong W,Sun C,Teng S,et al. Evaluation of a novel fasting approach using plant polysaccharides per meal in human symbionts[J].Int Clin Med,2018,2(2):1-12.
[13]卢宁,巩文静,李志慧,等.柔性辟谷技术减重及改善血压血糖的初步研究[J].中国民康医学,2018,30(18):4-7.
[14]Desai M S,Seekatz A M,Koropatkin N M,et al. A dietary fiberdeprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility[J]. Cell,2016,167(5):1339-1353.e21.
[15]张成岗,巩文静,李志慧,等.菌心进化论:一种对于动物进化的新理解[J].生物信息学,2018.(in press)未出版不可引用。
[16]任青河,黄江南,黄荣杰,等.柔性辟谷技术改善高血压的初步研究[J].中国食物与营养,2017,23(8):70-75.
[17]张成岗.人体微生态尤其是肠道微生态为新药研发提供前所未有的机遇和挑战[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2016,30(7):703-713.
[18]曾本华,魏泓.无菌动物在人类健康和疾病研究中应用[J].实验动物与比较医学,2012,32(3):250-253.
[19]巩文静.柔性辟谷技术用于改善体重的临床观察研究[D].北京:中国人民解放军军事医学科学院,2017.
[20]张成岗,巩文静.基于饥饿源于菌群的新发现将引发慢病防控突破性进展[J].科技导报,2017,35(21):43-48.