城市轨道交通快慢车停站方案优化研究
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摘要
快慢车模式作为一种有效匹配乘客多样化出行需求的手段,能提升企业服务水平,降低运营成本,其核心问题是确定合理的列车停站方案。首先,针对快慢车越行特点进行分析,得出快慢车越行会导致乘客的出行时间和列车周转时间增加,并导致线路的通过能力降低的结论,因此提出快车在慢车站不停站越行慢车的观点,以降低越行造成的不利影响。然后,对城市轨道交通快慢车模式下乘客出行时间的变化和企业运营成本的变化进行全面的分析,构建快慢车停站优化模型,并用遗传算法进行求解。结果表明,高峰小时内乘客能节省旅行时间3 976 815s,企业能节省1列车底的购置费及12 000元的停站成本。
Express/local trains can meet passengers' various travel needs effectively, reduce transport operation costs, and promote the service level of urban rail transit. For a train system to be effective, it is crucial that reasonable stop schemes be created. First, the study examines, in detail, the feature of overtaking between express trains and all-stop trains. The overtaking of local trains by express trains not only results in increased passenger travel time and train turnaround time, but also reduces carrying capacity. This study puts forward a scheme wherein express trains overtake all-stop trains at slow stations, without stopping, to reduce the adverse impact of overtaking. We then analyze passenger travel time and the operation costs of express and local trains, we establish an optimization model for the stop scheme of express and local trains, and use a genetic algorithm to solve it. Our results indicate that this scheme saves passengers 3,976,815 seconds of travel time, and train operators one set of train stock and a 12,000-yuan stop cost during the peak travel hour.
Express/local trains can meet passengers' various travel needs effectively, reduce transport operation costs, and promote the service level of urban rail transit. For a train system to be effective, it is crucial that reasonable stop schemes be created. First, the study examines, in detail, the feature of overtaking between express trains and all-stop trains. The overtaking of local trains by express trains not only results in increased passenger travel time and train turnaround time, but also reduces carrying capacity. This study puts forward a scheme wherein express trains overtake all-stop trains at slow stations, without stopping, to reduce the adverse impact of overtaking. We then analyze passenger travel time and the operation costs of express and local trains, we establish an optimization model for the stop scheme of express and local trains, and use a genetic algorithm to solve it. Our results indicate that this scheme saves passengers 3,976,815 seconds of travel time, and train operators one set of train stock and a 12,000-yuan stop cost during the peak travel hour.
引文
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[9]张鹏,金龙,张天伟.以节省乘客旅行时间为目标的城市轨道交通快慢车停站方案[J].铁道运输与经济,2016(10):90-94.
[10]刘茜.开行快慢车条件下城市轨道交通列车运行组织研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[11]韩瑞锋.遗传算法原理与应用实例[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2010.
[2]CHANG Y H,YEH CH,SHEN C C.A multiobjective model for passenger train services planning:application to Taiwan's high-speed rail line[J]Transportation Research Part B:Methodological2000,34(2):91-106.
[3]CAO Z,YUAN Z,LI D.Estimation method for a skip-stop operation strategy for urban rail transit in China[J].Journal of Modern Transportation,2014,22(3):174-182.
[4]丁小兵,徐行方.基于在途时间的快慢车停站方案优化算法[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(6):55-66.
[5]谭小土.城市轨道交通快慢车运行组织研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[6]高德辉,胡春斌,宗晶.区域快速轨道交通快慢车运营方案的研究[J].铁道运输与经济,2014,36(2):73-78.
[7]张琛,韩宝明,张琦.轨道交通机场线快慢车停站方案优化方法[J].都市轨道交通,2015,28(5):67-70.
[8]张化难.城市轨道交通快慢车运行模式研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[9]张鹏,金龙,张天伟.以节省乘客旅行时间为目标的城市轨道交通快慢车停站方案[J].铁道运输与经济,2016(10):90-94.
[10]刘茜.开行快慢车条件下城市轨道交通列车运行组织研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[11]韩瑞锋.遗传算法原理与应用实例[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2010.