基于粒子群算法的逆变器侧电流反馈的LCL滤波器优化设计
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摘要
LCL型输出滤波器因其良好的高频谐波衰减特性在并网逆变器中得到广泛应用。但LCL型滤波器的阻抗特性存在谐振峰,容易导致并网逆变器出现控制不稳定。为了有效抑制谐振,引入逆变器侧电流反馈作为有源阻尼,得到反馈控制下LCL滤波并联逆变器的数学模型。由于滤波器参数和控制参数相互耦合,在满足控制性能的同时优化滤波性能变得尤为复杂。本文提出一种基于粒子群算法对滤波器参数和控制参数进行优化的整体设计方法,以主要谐波段输出特性最佳为优化目标,兼顾滤波性能和控制性能。仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。
LCL output filter has been widely used in the grid-connected inverter owing to its good high-frequency harmonic attenuation performance. How ever,the impedance characteristic of the LCL filter has a resonance peak,which tends to cause unstable control of the grid-connected inverter. In order to effectively suppress the resonance,the inverter-side current feedback is introduced as the active damping and the mathematical model of the LCL-filtered inverter under feedback control is obtained. Since the filter parameters and control parameters are coupled to each other,the design for optimizing the filter performance while meeting the demand of control performance becomes particularly complicated. This paper puts forw ard an overall design method of optimizing the filter parameters and control parameters based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The output characteristics of the main harmonics are taken as the optimization goal in the optimal design,with consideration of the filtering performance and control performance. The simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
LCL output filter has been widely used in the grid-connected inverter owing to its good high-frequency harmonic attenuation performance. How ever,the impedance characteristic of the LCL filter has a resonance peak,which tends to cause unstable control of the grid-connected inverter. In order to effectively suppress the resonance,the inverter-side current feedback is introduced as the active damping and the mathematical model of the LCL-filtered inverter under feedback control is obtained. Since the filter parameters and control parameters are coupled to each other,the design for optimizing the filter performance while meeting the demand of control performance becomes particularly complicated. This paper puts forw ard an overall design method of optimizing the filter parameters and control parameters based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The output characteristics of the main harmonics are taken as the optimization goal in the optimal design,with consideration of the filtering performance and control performance. The simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1]王学华,阮新波,刘尚伟.抑制电网背景谐波影响的并网逆变器控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(6):7-14.WANG Xuehua,RUAN Xinbo,LIU Shangw ei. Control strategy for grid-connected inverter to suppress current distortion effected by background harmonics in grid voltage[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(6):7-14.
[2]许德志,汪飞,阮毅,等.并网接口滤波器拓扑结构推演与分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):15-25.XU Dezhi,WANG Fei,RUAN Yi,et al. Topology deduction and analysis of grid-interfacing filters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(4):15-25.
[3]许津铭,季林,葛小伟,等.计及逆变器侧电流反馈影响的LCL滤波器参数优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(17):4656-4665.XU Jinming,JI Lin,GE Xiaow ei,et al. A LCL-filter optimization design with consideration of inverter-side current feedback control impacts[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(17):4656-4665.
[4]郑昕昕,肖岚,王长宝,等.三相变流器LCL滤波器参数优化新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(12):55-63.ZHENG Xinxin,XIAO Lan,WANG Changbao,et al. A new parameter optimization method of LCL filters in three-phase converters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(12):55-63.
[5]许津铭,谢少军,张斌锋.分布式发电系统中LCL滤波并网逆变器电流控制研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(16):4153-4166.XU Jinming,XIE Shaojun,ZHANG Binfeng. Overview of current control techniques for grid-connected inverters with LCL filters in distributed power generation systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(16):4153-4166.
[6]刘飞,查晓明,段善旭.三相并网逆变器LCL滤波器的参数设计与研究[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(3):110-116.LIU Fei,ZHA Xiaoming,DUAN Shanxu. Design and research on parameter of LCL filter in three-phase grid-connected inverter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(3):110-116.
[7]刘虔,彭力,唐诗颖,等.一种基于图解的LCL滤波器设计和优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):36-43,16.LIU Qian,PENG Li,TANG Shiying,et al. A design and optimization method of LCL filters based on the graphic-analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(36):36-43,16.
[8]黄亚峰,李龙,严干贵,等.大容量光伏逆变器LCL滤波器参数优化设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(21):104-109.HUANG Yafeng,LI Long,YAN Gangui,et al. Parameter optimization design for LCL filter of large capacity PV inverter[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(21):104-109.
[9]林永朋,陶顺,肖湘宁,等.考虑电网等效电感影响的LCL型逆变器谐振抑制方法[J].现代电力,2015,32(2):56-63.LIN Yongpeng,TAO Shun,XIAO Xiangning,et al. A control method of suppressing response for inverter using LCL filter with consideration of grid equivalent inductance effect[J]. Modern Electric Power,2015,32(2):56-63.
[10]徐志英,许爱国,谢少军,等.采用LCL滤波器的并网逆变器双闭环入网电流控制技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(27):36-41.XU Zhiying,XU Aiguo,XIE Shaojun,et al. Dual-loop grid current control technique for grid-connected inverter using an LCL filter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(27):36-41.
[11]武健,马骁,侯睿,等.基于遗传算法的有源滤波器LCL输出滤波器优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(5):159-164.WU Jian,MA Xiao,HOU Rui,et al. Optimization of APF LCL output filter based on genetic algorithm[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(5):159-164.
[12] KENNEDY J. Particle swarm optimization[M]. Boston:Springer,2011:760-766.
[13]许津铭,谢少军,肖华锋. LCL滤波器有源阻尼控制机制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(9):27-33.XU Jinming,XIE Shaojun,XIAO Huafeng. Research on control mechanism of active damping for LCL filters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(9):27-33.
[14]鲍陈磊,阮新波,王学华,等.基于PI调节器和电容电流反馈有源阻尼的LCL型并网逆变器闭环参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(25):133-142,19.BAO Chenlei,RUAN Xinbo,WANG Xuehua,et al. Design of grid-connected inverters with LCL filter based on PI regulator and capacitor current feedback active damping[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(25):133-142,19.
[15] SHI Y,EBERHART R. A modified particle swarm optimizer[C]//1998 IEEE World Congress on Evolutionary Computation Proceedings,Computational Intelligence,May 4-9,1998,Anchorage,AK,USA. New York:IEEE,1998:69-73.
[2]许德志,汪飞,阮毅,等.并网接口滤波器拓扑结构推演与分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):15-25.XU Dezhi,WANG Fei,RUAN Yi,et al. Topology deduction and analysis of grid-interfacing filters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(4):15-25.
[3]许津铭,季林,葛小伟,等.计及逆变器侧电流反馈影响的LCL滤波器参数优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(17):4656-4665.XU Jinming,JI Lin,GE Xiaow ei,et al. A LCL-filter optimization design with consideration of inverter-side current feedback control impacts[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(17):4656-4665.
[4]郑昕昕,肖岚,王长宝,等.三相变流器LCL滤波器参数优化新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(12):55-63.ZHENG Xinxin,XIAO Lan,WANG Changbao,et al. A new parameter optimization method of LCL filters in three-phase converters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(12):55-63.
[5]许津铭,谢少军,张斌锋.分布式发电系统中LCL滤波并网逆变器电流控制研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(16):4153-4166.XU Jinming,XIE Shaojun,ZHANG Binfeng. Overview of current control techniques for grid-connected inverters with LCL filters in distributed power generation systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(16):4153-4166.
[6]刘飞,查晓明,段善旭.三相并网逆变器LCL滤波器的参数设计与研究[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(3):110-116.LIU Fei,ZHA Xiaoming,DUAN Shanxu. Design and research on parameter of LCL filter in three-phase grid-connected inverter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(3):110-116.
[7]刘虔,彭力,唐诗颖,等.一种基于图解的LCL滤波器设计和优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):36-43,16.LIU Qian,PENG Li,TANG Shiying,et al. A design and optimization method of LCL filters based on the graphic-analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(36):36-43,16.
[8]黄亚峰,李龙,严干贵,等.大容量光伏逆变器LCL滤波器参数优化设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(21):104-109.HUANG Yafeng,LI Long,YAN Gangui,et al. Parameter optimization design for LCL filter of large capacity PV inverter[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(21):104-109.
[9]林永朋,陶顺,肖湘宁,等.考虑电网等效电感影响的LCL型逆变器谐振抑制方法[J].现代电力,2015,32(2):56-63.LIN Yongpeng,TAO Shun,XIAO Xiangning,et al. A control method of suppressing response for inverter using LCL filter with consideration of grid equivalent inductance effect[J]. Modern Electric Power,2015,32(2):56-63.
[10]徐志英,许爱国,谢少军,等.采用LCL滤波器的并网逆变器双闭环入网电流控制技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(27):36-41.XU Zhiying,XU Aiguo,XIE Shaojun,et al. Dual-loop grid current control technique for grid-connected inverter using an LCL filter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(27):36-41.
[11]武健,马骁,侯睿,等.基于遗传算法的有源滤波器LCL输出滤波器优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(5):159-164.WU Jian,MA Xiao,HOU Rui,et al. Optimization of APF LCL output filter based on genetic algorithm[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(5):159-164.
[12] KENNEDY J. Particle swarm optimization[M]. Boston:Springer,2011:760-766.
[13]许津铭,谢少军,肖华锋. LCL滤波器有源阻尼控制机制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(9):27-33.XU Jinming,XIE Shaojun,XIAO Huafeng. Research on control mechanism of active damping for LCL filters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(9):27-33.
[14]鲍陈磊,阮新波,王学华,等.基于PI调节器和电容电流反馈有源阻尼的LCL型并网逆变器闭环参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(25):133-142,19.BAO Chenlei,RUAN Xinbo,WANG Xuehua,et al. Design of grid-connected inverters with LCL filter based on PI regulator and capacitor current feedback active damping[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(25):133-142,19.
[15] SHI Y,EBERHART R. A modified particle swarm optimizer[C]//1998 IEEE World Congress on Evolutionary Computation Proceedings,Computational Intelligence,May 4-9,1998,Anchorage,AK,USA. New York:IEEE,1998:69-73.