基于RGB特征的污秽复合绝缘子放电过程分析
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摘要
绝缘子放电的可见光数字图像中包含丰富的色度信息,利用数字图像处理技术处理了在人工雾室中复合绝缘子污闪试验拍摄的放电图像。先将绝缘子放电图像分离为三基色分量图,然后将红(R)绿(G)和蓝(B)分量图转换为灰度图,提取各分量的灰度值并计算各分量占比。分析结果表明:沿着电弧发展路径上,R、G、B三分量的灰度值先增大后减小,能够反映绝缘子放电集中在绝缘子中间位置。随绝缘子放电过程进行,三个色度分量灰度值较大且出现集中时间段,期间还包含相对平稳且较小时间段,这反映了绝缘子表面局部起弧息弧的过程;电压继续升高,R、G、B分量灰度值较之前大了一个数量级,这表明了绝缘子表面电弧越来越粗,电弧放电量达到最大;在绝缘子临闪时,各分量灰度值迅速增大;三个分量的占比变化曲线,可以反映放电加剧变化情况,可用于放电严重程度的判断。上述绝缘子放电电弧图像R、G、B分量灰度值变化规律可以定量反映绝缘子放电剧烈程度与放电过程,为复合绝缘子污闪预警提供了可靠依据。
The visible light digital image of insulator discharge contains a lot of colorimetric information.The digital image processing technology is used to deal with the discharge arc image of composite insulator. Firstly,the insulator discharge image is transformed into three primary color components,Then the red( R) green( G) and blue( B) component diagram is converted to grayscale map and the gray value of each component is extracted and the proportion of color gray value of each component is calculated.The results show that the gray value of R,G and B increases and then decreases along the arc development path,which can reflect the insulator discharge concentrated in the insulator intermediate position.With the insulator discharge process,the three color components of the gray value of the larger and concentrated time period,the period also contains relatively smooth and gray value of the smaller time period,which reflects the development process of local arc on insulator surface. With the increase of voltage,the gray value of R,G,B component is one order of magnitude larger than before,which indicates that the surface of the insulator arc increasingly thick,the discharge magnitude of arc reaches the maximum;the gray value of each component increases rapidly before discharge; the variation curve of the proportion of three components,that can reflect the change of discharge and can be used to judge degree of surface discharge. The law of the gray value of the R,G and B components of the insulator discharge arc can quantitatively reflect the intensity of the discharge and discharge process of insulators,which provides reliable basis for composite insulator pollution flashover forecasting.
The visible light digital image of insulator discharge contains a lot of colorimetric information.The digital image processing technology is used to deal with the discharge arc image of composite insulator. Firstly,the insulator discharge image is transformed into three primary color components,Then the red( R) green( G) and blue( B) component diagram is converted to grayscale map and the gray value of each component is extracted and the proportion of color gray value of each component is calculated.The results show that the gray value of R,G and B increases and then decreases along the arc development path,which can reflect the insulator discharge concentrated in the insulator intermediate position.With the insulator discharge process,the three color components of the gray value of the larger and concentrated time period,the period also contains relatively smooth and gray value of the smaller time period,which reflects the development process of local arc on insulator surface. With the increase of voltage,the gray value of R,G,B component is one order of magnitude larger than before,which indicates that the surface of the insulator arc increasingly thick,the discharge magnitude of arc reaches the maximum;the gray value of each component increases rapidly before discharge; the variation curve of the proportion of three components,that can reflect the change of discharge and can be used to judge degree of surface discharge. The law of the gray value of the R,G and B components of the insulator discharge arc can quantitatively reflect the intensity of the discharge and discharge process of insulators,which provides reliable basis for composite insulator pollution flashover forecasting.
引文
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[7]陈锐民,吴骜,谭丹,等.沿面放电的可见光图像RGB颜色分析及应用[J].高压电器,2016(10):38-42,48.CHEN Ruimin,WU Ao,TAN Dan,et al.Visible light image RGB color analysis of surface discharge and its application[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016(10):38-42,48.
[8]ZHOU Wenjun,LI Han,YI Xiao,et al.A criterion for UV detection of AC corona inception in a rod-plane our gap[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrial Insulation,2011(01):232-237.
[9]肖猛,文曹.一种新型绝缘子带电检测方法-紫外成像法[J].高电压技术,2006(6):42-44.XIAO Meng,WEN Cao.New method to detect insulation on line-ultraviolet image method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006(6):42-44.
[10]李和明,王胜辉,律方成,等.基于放电紫外成像参量的绝缘子污秽状态评估[J].电工技术学报,2010(12):22-29.LI Heming,WANG Shenghui,LV Fangcheng,et al.Contamination condition evaluation of insulators based on discharge ultraviolet imaging parameters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010(12):22-29.
[11]KIM Y,SHONG K.The characteristics of UV strength according to corona discharge from polymer insulators using a UV sensor and optic lens[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(3):1579-1584.
[12]王胜辉,律方成,刘云鹏.复合绝缘子电晕放电紫外图像参数的变化特性及放电量估计[J].中国电机工程学报,2013(34):233-240,33.WANG Shenghui,LV Fangcheng,LIU Yunpeng.Variation characteristic of composite insulator corona discharge ultraviolet image parameter and estimation of discharge magnitude[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013(34):233-240,33.
[13]杨晓琳,李燕青,刘云鹏,等.基于数学形态学的电力设备紫外图像放电区域提取[J].电网技术,2008,32(7):96-99.YANG Xiaolin,LI Yanqing,LIU Yunpeng,et al.Ultraviolet image extraction of power equipment discharge region based on mathematical morphology[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(7):96-99.
[14]耿江海,霍亚男,黄震宇,等.基于数学形态学的绝缘子闪络图像处理方法研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2014(4):21-25.GENG Jianghai,HUO Yanan,HUANG Zhenyu,et al.Research on the image processing method of insulator flashover based on mathematical morphology[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2014(4):21-25.
[15]律方成,戴日俊,王胜辉,等.基于紫外成像图像信息的绝缘子表面放电量化方法[J].电工技术学报,2012(2):261-268.LV Fangcheng,DAI Rijun,WANG Shenghui,et al.Study of insulator surface discharge quantification method based on ultraviolet imaging image information[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012(2):261-268.
[16]陈磊,周仿荣,马仪,等.悬式复合绝缘子电晕放电紫外图像光斑面积[J].高压电器,2013(8):60-67.CHEN Lei,ZHOU Fangrong,MA Yi,et al.Ultraviolet image facular area vary characteristic and apparent discharge estimation of suspension composite insulator corona[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013(8):60-67.
[17]GB/T 4585-2004/IEC 60507:1991交流系统用高压绝缘子的人工污秽试验[S].2004.
[18]IEC 60507:1991 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on AC systems[S].1991.
[19]贾永红.数字图像处理[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003.
[2]苗鹏超,徐志钮.输电线路绝缘子泄漏电流特征量提取综述[J].高压电器,2014(8):127-138.MIAO Pengchao,XU Zhiniu.The summary of leakage current characteristics amount extraction of transmission line insulator[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2014(8):127-138.
[3]熊俊,李成榕,赵林杰,等.恒压洁净雾环境中复合绝缘子表面泄漏电流特征参量分析[J].电网技术,2007,31(15):70-74.XIONG Jun,LI Chengrong,ZHAO Linjie,et al.A study on leakage current properties of composite insulators in constant voltage clean fog environment[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(15):70-74.
[4]司马文霞,徐康,杨庆,等.气压和污秽不均匀度对染污绝缘子泄漏电流的影响[J].高电压技术,2012(3):663-670.SI MA Wenxia,XU Kang,YANG Qing,et al.Influence of air pressure and Non-uniform pollution on the leakage current insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012(3):663-670.
[5]蒋兴良,赵世华,毕茂强,等.污秽绝缘子闪络特性与泄漏电流特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013(31):220-226.JIANG Xingliang,ZHAO Shihua,BI Maoqiang,et al.Research on flashover performance and leakage current performance of polluted insulators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013(31):220-226.
[6]方春华,周毅,王建国,等.基于图像处理技术的绝缘子放电电弧面积提取[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(2):35-39.FANG Chunhua,ZHOU Yi,WANG Jianguo,et al.Extraction of insulator discharge arc area based on the theory of image processing techniques[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(2):35-39.
[7]陈锐民,吴骜,谭丹,等.沿面放电的可见光图像RGB颜色分析及应用[J].高压电器,2016(10):38-42,48.CHEN Ruimin,WU Ao,TAN Dan,et al.Visible light image RGB color analysis of surface discharge and its application[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016(10):38-42,48.
[8]ZHOU Wenjun,LI Han,YI Xiao,et al.A criterion for UV detection of AC corona inception in a rod-plane our gap[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrial Insulation,2011(01):232-237.
[9]肖猛,文曹.一种新型绝缘子带电检测方法-紫外成像法[J].高电压技术,2006(6):42-44.XIAO Meng,WEN Cao.New method to detect insulation on line-ultraviolet image method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006(6):42-44.
[10]李和明,王胜辉,律方成,等.基于放电紫外成像参量的绝缘子污秽状态评估[J].电工技术学报,2010(12):22-29.LI Heming,WANG Shenghui,LV Fangcheng,et al.Contamination condition evaluation of insulators based on discharge ultraviolet imaging parameters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010(12):22-29.
[11]KIM Y,SHONG K.The characteristics of UV strength according to corona discharge from polymer insulators using a UV sensor and optic lens[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(3):1579-1584.
[12]王胜辉,律方成,刘云鹏.复合绝缘子电晕放电紫外图像参数的变化特性及放电量估计[J].中国电机工程学报,2013(34):233-240,33.WANG Shenghui,LV Fangcheng,LIU Yunpeng.Variation characteristic of composite insulator corona discharge ultraviolet image parameter and estimation of discharge magnitude[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013(34):233-240,33.
[13]杨晓琳,李燕青,刘云鹏,等.基于数学形态学的电力设备紫外图像放电区域提取[J].电网技术,2008,32(7):96-99.YANG Xiaolin,LI Yanqing,LIU Yunpeng,et al.Ultraviolet image extraction of power equipment discharge region based on mathematical morphology[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(7):96-99.
[14]耿江海,霍亚男,黄震宇,等.基于数学形态学的绝缘子闪络图像处理方法研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2014(4):21-25.GENG Jianghai,HUO Yanan,HUANG Zhenyu,et al.Research on the image processing method of insulator flashover based on mathematical morphology[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2014(4):21-25.
[15]律方成,戴日俊,王胜辉,等.基于紫外成像图像信息的绝缘子表面放电量化方法[J].电工技术学报,2012(2):261-268.LV Fangcheng,DAI Rijun,WANG Shenghui,et al.Study of insulator surface discharge quantification method based on ultraviolet imaging image information[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012(2):261-268.
[16]陈磊,周仿荣,马仪,等.悬式复合绝缘子电晕放电紫外图像光斑面积[J].高压电器,2013(8):60-67.CHEN Lei,ZHOU Fangrong,MA Yi,et al.Ultraviolet image facular area vary characteristic and apparent discharge estimation of suspension composite insulator corona[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013(8):60-67.
[17]GB/T 4585-2004/IEC 60507:1991交流系统用高压绝缘子的人工污秽试验[S].2004.
[18]IEC 60507:1991 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on AC systems[S].1991.
[19]贾永红.数字图像处理[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003.