微孔生态透水砖的制备和物理性能研究
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摘要
针对普通大孔隙透水铺装材料易堵塞、耐磨性差、透水效果不理想等现象,研发出一种微孔生态透水砖,不仅具有透水速率快、耐磨性高、保水性能好、孔隙不易堵塞等优点,还可以过滤道面杂质、降低地表温度。通过自制透水仪测试各类透水铺装材料的透水系数,结果表明,微孔生态透水砖透水系数能达到2. 51×10~(-2)cm/s,磨坑长度仅为30 mm;在模拟表面阻塞试验中,微孔生态透水砖的透水系数略微降低,但在2. 1×10~(-2)cm/s以上,仍满足A级透水等级要求;采用的AT380红外工业测温仪测取试件表面温度,在保水情况下微孔生态透水砖的升温速率和温度小于其他类型的透水砖及不透水砖,降温效果明显。微孔生态透水砖能有效克服因孔隙堵塞导致使用年限不够、透水效果不理想的问题,满足海绵城市建设对道路透水铺装的要求。
Aiming at the phenomenon of easy blockage,poor wear resistance and poor water permeability,a kind of microporous ecological water permeable brick has been developed,which not only has the advantages of fast water permeability,high wear resistance,good water-retaining performance and difficult pore blockage,but also can filter the channel surface impurities and reduce the surface temperature.The experimental results show that the permeability coefficient of microporous ecological permeable brick can reach 2.51×10~(-2) cm/s,and the length of grinding pit is only 30 mm.In the simulated surface blocking test,the permeability coefficient of microporous ecological permeable brick decreased slightly,but was over 2.1×10~(-2) cm/s,which still met the requirements of grade A.The AT380 infrared industrial thermometer is used to measure the surface temperature of thespecimen,under the condition of water conservation,the heating rate and temperature of microporous ecological permeable brick are lower than that of other permeable and impermeable bricks,and the cooling effect is obvious.The microporous ecological permeable brick has effectively overcome the problems of insufficient service life and unsatisfactory permeable effect caused by pore blockage,and meets the requirements of sponge city construction on road permeable pavement.
Aiming at the phenomenon of easy blockage,poor wear resistance and poor water permeability,a kind of microporous ecological water permeable brick has been developed,which not only has the advantages of fast water permeability,high wear resistance,good water-retaining performance and difficult pore blockage,but also can filter the channel surface impurities and reduce the surface temperature.The experimental results show that the permeability coefficient of microporous ecological permeable brick can reach 2.51×10~(-2) cm/s,and the length of grinding pit is only 30 mm.In the simulated surface blocking test,the permeability coefficient of microporous ecological permeable brick decreased slightly,but was over 2.1×10~(-2) cm/s,which still met the requirements of grade A.The AT380 infrared industrial thermometer is used to measure the surface temperature of thespecimen,under the condition of water conservation,the heating rate and temperature of microporous ecological permeable brick are lower than that of other permeable and impermeable bricks,and the cooling effect is obvious.The microporous ecological permeable brick has effectively overcome the problems of insufficient service life and unsatisfactory permeable effect caused by pore blockage,and meets the requirements of sponge city construction on road permeable pavement.
引文
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[15]凌莉,赵新华,卢玉迪.透水路面结构对雨水持蓄及污染控制的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016(12):6956-6962.LING Li,ZHAO Xinhua,LU Yudi.Influence of permeable pavement structures on rainwater retention and pollution prevention[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016(12):6956-6962.
[2]张娜.透水混凝土堵塞机理试验研究[D].济南:山东大学,2014.ZHANG Na.Experimental study on clogging mechanism of pervious concrete[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2014
[3]许道坤,吕伟娅.低冲击开发模式应用-透水路面发展综述[J].新型建筑材料,2012(3):31-34.XU Daokun,LV Weiya.Low impact development model application-pervious pavement development review[J].New Building Materials,2012(3):31-34.
[4]张逆.透水路面渗水系数测试方法比较研究[J].公路交通技术,2016,32(1):6-9,16.ZHANG Ni.Comparison and study on test methods for water permeability coefficients of permeable pavement[J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2016,32(1):6-9,16.
[5]ABBOTT C L,COMINO-MATEOS L.In-situ hydraulic performance of a permeable pavement sustainable urban drainage system[J].Water&Environment Journal,2003,17(3):187-190.
[6]汪俊松,孟庆林,张玉,等.透水砖吸水及保水性能研究[J].建筑科学,2017,33(10):45-52.WANG Junsong,MENG Qinglin,ZHANG Yu,et al.Study on water absorption and water retention performance of permeable bricks[J].Building Science,2017,33(10):45-52.
[7]崔新壮,张炯,黄丹,等.暴雨作用下透水混凝土路面快速堵塞试验模拟[J].中国公路学报,2016(10):1-19.CUI Xinzhuang,ZHANG Jiong,HUANG Dan,et al.Experimental simulation of rapid clogging of pervious concrete pavement under effects of rainstorm[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2016(10):1-19.
[8]SIRIWARDENE N R,DELETIC A,FLETCHER TD.Clogging of stormwater gravel infiltration systems and filters:insights from a laboratory study[J].Water Research,2007,41(7):1433-1440.
[9]International Standards Organization.ISO.E.15148(2002)hygrothermal performance of building materials and products-determination of water absorption coefficient by partial immersion[S].Geneva:ISO Copyright Office,2002.
[10]张书函,陈建刚,赵飞,等.透水砖铺装地面的技术指标和设计方法分析[J].中国给水排水,2011,27(22):15-17.ZHANG Shuhan,CHEN Jiangang,ZHAO Fei,et al.Analysis on technical indexes and design methods of permeable brick pavement[J].China Water&Waste Water,2011,27(22):15-17.
[11]王萍萍,徐向舟.砂基透水砖的制备及性能优化研究[J].新型建筑材料,2013(8):44-47.WANG Pingping,XU Xiangzhou.Research on preparation and performance optimization of sand-based permeable bricks[J].New Building Materials,2013(8):44-47.
[12]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.无机地面材料耐磨性能试验方法:GB/T12988-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.Testmethod for abrasion resistance of inorganic pacing materials:GB/T 12988-2009[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.
[13]侯立柱,冯绍元,韩志文,等.透水砖铺装地面垫层结构对城市雨水入渗过程的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2006,11(4):83-88.HOU Lizhu,FENG Shaoyuan,HAN Zhiwen,et al.Experimental study on impacts of infiltration treated with porous pavement[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2006,11(4):83-88.
[14]幺海博.透水铺装控流截污试验及其设计应用研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学,2013.YAO Haibo.Experimentalstudy on runoff reduction and pollution control and application design of permeable pavement[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,2013.
[15]凌莉,赵新华,卢玉迪.透水路面结构对雨水持蓄及污染控制的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016(12):6956-6962.LING Li,ZHAO Xinhua,LU Yudi.Influence of permeable pavement structures on rainwater retention and pollution prevention[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016(12):6956-6962.