考虑二次转供的配电网负荷转供方案多目标优选技术
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摘要
针对变电站发生全停事故后造成的配电网大面积停电的问题,提出一种考虑最短恢复时间以及二次转供的负荷优化恢复供电方法。该方案考虑停电负荷的最短恢复供电时间以提高配电系统的供电可靠性。同时,通过搜索"薄弱环节",即一次转供后可能发生过载的转供主变,在此基础上提出二次转供策略,计及线路及变电站容量约束,将"薄弱环节"上的正常供电负荷转供至其余变电站,从而降低"薄弱环节"的负载率以提高停电区域的供电恢复量。最终,综合考虑上述两个方面进行多目标优化,优选停电负荷的转供路径与恢复容量。通过对某实际配电系统的故障仿真分析表明,该方案可以有效提高负荷的转供成功率,同时减小负荷的恢复时间,从而减小负荷因变电站故障而造成的经济损失。
In this paper, an optimization method for load power supply recovery considering the shortest recovery time and the secondary transfer is proposed to solve the problem of large-scale power outage caused by complete shutdown of substations in distribution networks. This proposed approach considers the shortest recovery time of the outage load to enhance reliability of the distribution system. Meanwhile, the main transformers with high probability of overload are defined as "weak link" after the first stage optimization. On this basis, the second stage optimization strategy considering line and substation capacity constraints is proposed to transfer the normal load on the "weak links" to other substations, thus reducing the loading ratio of the "weak links" to improve load recovery ratio. Finally, a multi-objective optimization scheme to determine optimal transfer path and recovery capacity of the outage loads is constructed considering above two aspects. Case study of the simulated failures of the distribution network proves that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the success rate of load transfer and reduce the recovery time of the outage loads. Therefore, the comprehensive economic loss caused by substation failure can be reduced.
In this paper, an optimization method for load power supply recovery considering the shortest recovery time and the secondary transfer is proposed to solve the problem of large-scale power outage caused by complete shutdown of substations in distribution networks. This proposed approach considers the shortest recovery time of the outage load to enhance reliability of the distribution system. Meanwhile, the main transformers with high probability of overload are defined as "weak link" after the first stage optimization. On this basis, the second stage optimization strategy considering line and substation capacity constraints is proposed to transfer the normal load on the "weak links" to other substations, thus reducing the loading ratio of the "weak links" to improve load recovery ratio. Finally, a multi-objective optimization scheme to determine optimal transfer path and recovery capacity of the outage loads is constructed considering above two aspects. Case study of the simulated failures of the distribution network proves that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the success rate of load transfer and reduce the recovery time of the outage loads. Therefore, the comprehensive economic loss caused by substation failure can be reduced.
引文
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[14]朱英伟,李宇泽,侯建生,等.基于变电站全停场景的负荷转移能力评估方法研究及应用[J].电力大数据,2018,21(3):27-32.Zhu Yingwei,Li Yuze,Hou Jiansheng,et al.The method of load transfer capability evaluation with substation full stop[J].Power Systems and Big Data,2018,21(3):27-32(in Chinese).
[15]曲毅,魏震波,向月,等.智能电网配电自动化技术的发展[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(5):56-60.Qu Yi,Wei Zhenbo,Xiang Yue,et al.The development of power distribution automation technology in smart grid[J].Southern Power System Technology,2013,7(5):56-60(in Chinese).
[16]马静,马伟,王增平.基于联络关系的主变故障负荷转供方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(19):1-7.Ma Jing,Ma Wei,Wang Zengping.Power restoration scheme for main transformer fault based on the interconnection relationship[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(19):1-7(in Chinese).
[17]荆朝霞,王宏益,江昌旭.考虑负荷均衡的220 kV电网供电能力多目标优化[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1619-1626.Jing Zhaoxia,Wang Hongyi,Jiang Changxu.Multi-objective optimization of power supply capability of 220 kV power grid concerning load balance[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1619-1626(in Chinese).
[18]朱兰,周雪莹,唐陇军,等.计及可中断负荷的微电网多目标优化运行[J].电网技术,2017,41(,6):151-158.Zhu Lan,Zhou Xueying,Tang Longjun,et al.Multi-objective optimal operation for microgrid considering interruptible loads[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):151-158(in Chinese).
[19]康小平,王溢熹,陈德炜,等.配电网大面积停电时快速恢复路径选择算法研究[J].电力信息与通信技术,2018,16(4):64-69.Kang Xiaoping,Wang Yixi,Chen Deyi,et al.Research on fast recovery path selection algorithm of large blackout in distribution network[J].Electric Power Information and Communication Technology,2018,16(4):64-69(in Chinese).
[20]Rao R S,Ravindra K,Satish K,et al.Power loss minimization in distribution system using network reconfiguration in the presence of distributed generation[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2013,28(1):317-325.
[21]李扬,李亚辉,李国庆,等.考虑经济性和环境因素的含VSC-HVDC交直流系统多目标最优潮流[J].电网技术,2016,40(9):2661-2667.Li Yang,Li Yahui,Li Guoqing,et al.A multi-objective optimal flow approach considering economy and environmental factors for hybrid AC/DC grids incorporating VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(9):2661-2667(in Chinese).
[22]向月,刘俊勇,姚良忠,等.故障条件下含分布式电源配网的孤岛划分与重构优化策略研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1025-1032.Xiang Yue,Liu Junyong,Yao Liangzhong,et al.Optimization strategy for island partitioning and reconfiguration of faulted distribution network containing distributed generation[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1025-1032(in Chinese).
[2]于琳,孙莹,徐然,等.改进粒子群优化算法及其在电网无功分区中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(3):89-95.Yu Lin,Sun Ying,Xu Ran,et al.Improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and its application in reactive power partitioning of power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(3):89-95(in Chinese).
[3]王珂,李剑辉,李力,等.《省级电网防大面积停电调度运行控制标准》的制定及其在广东电网的应用[J].南方电网技术,2012,6(4):87-90.Wang Ke,Li Jianhui,Li Li,et al.The draft of“dispatching operation control standards for provincial power network against large area blackout”and its application in Guangdong power grid[J].Southern Power System Technology,2012,6(4):87-90(in Chinese).
[4]程林,刘满君,何剑.基于遗传算法的连锁故障快速模拟及应用[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(6):28-33.Cheng Lin,Liu Manjun,He Jian.Application and fast simulation of cascading outage based on genetic algorithms[J].Automation of Electric Systems,2015,39(6):28-33(in Chinese).
[5]李俊.深圳电网4·10大停电事件的处理及启示[J].南方电网技术,2014,8(1):65-69.Li Jun.The processing and inspiration of Shenzhen Power Grid 4·10blackout event[J].Southern Power System Technology,2014,8(1):65-69(in Chinese).
[6]易俊,卜广全,郭强,等.巴西“3·21”大停电事故分析及对中国电网的启示[J].电力系统自动化,2019,43(2):1-9.Yi Jun,Bu Guangquan,Guo Qiang,et al.Analysis on blackout in Brazilian Power Grid on March 21,2018 and its enlightenment to power grid in China[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(2):1-9(in Chinese).
[7]段青,赵阅群,颜磊,等.以提高供电可靠性为目标的主动配电网负荷转供优化方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3155-3162.Duan Qing,Zhao Yuequn,Yan Lei,et al.Load transfer optimization methods for distribution network including distribution generation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3155-3162(in Chinese).
[8]张曦,刘友波,吕林,等.计及高压配电网负荷转供的城市220 kV片区电网供电能力分析[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):277-285.Zhang Xi,Liu Youbo,LüLin,et al.Total supply capability analysis of urban 220kV area power system considering load transfer capability of HV distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):277-285(in Chinese).
[9]王磊,刘洪,曾平良,等.计及高压配电线路转供约束的配电系统综合供电能力计算[J].电网技术,2013,37(12):3584-3589.Wang Lei,Liu Hong,Zeng Pingliang,et al.Calculation of distribution system’s comprehensive power supply capability considering load transfer constraint of high-voltage distribution lines[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(12):3584-3589(in Chinese).
[10]廖怀庆,刘东,黄玉辉,等.基于公共信息模型拓扑收缩的配电网转供能力分析[J].电网技术,2012,36(6):51-55.Liao Huaiqing,Liu Dong,Huang Yuhui,et al.Analysis on transfer capability of distribution network based on CIM topological contraction[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(6):51-55(in Chinese).
[11]Luo Fengzhang,Wang Chenshan,Xiao Jun,et al.Rapid evaluation method for power supply capability of urban distribution system based on N-1 contingency analysis of main-transformers[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2010,32(10):1063-1068.
[12]Xiao Jun,Li Fangxing,Gu Wenzhuo,et al.Total supply capability and its extended indices for distribution systems:definition,model calculation and applications[J].IET Generation,Transmissions&Distributions,2011,5(8):869-876.
[13]王成山,罗凤章,肖峻,等.基于主变互联关系的配电系统供电能力计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(13):86-91.Wang Chengshan,Luo Fengzhang,Xiao Jun,et al.An evaluation method for power supply capability of distribution system based on analyzing interconnections of main transformers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(13):86-91(in Chinese).
[14]朱英伟,李宇泽,侯建生,等.基于变电站全停场景的负荷转移能力评估方法研究及应用[J].电力大数据,2018,21(3):27-32.Zhu Yingwei,Li Yuze,Hou Jiansheng,et al.The method of load transfer capability evaluation with substation full stop[J].Power Systems and Big Data,2018,21(3):27-32(in Chinese).
[15]曲毅,魏震波,向月,等.智能电网配电自动化技术的发展[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(5):56-60.Qu Yi,Wei Zhenbo,Xiang Yue,et al.The development of power distribution automation technology in smart grid[J].Southern Power System Technology,2013,7(5):56-60(in Chinese).
[16]马静,马伟,王增平.基于联络关系的主变故障负荷转供方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(19):1-7.Ma Jing,Ma Wei,Wang Zengping.Power restoration scheme for main transformer fault based on the interconnection relationship[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(19):1-7(in Chinese).
[17]荆朝霞,王宏益,江昌旭.考虑负荷均衡的220 kV电网供电能力多目标优化[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1619-1626.Jing Zhaoxia,Wang Hongyi,Jiang Changxu.Multi-objective optimization of power supply capability of 220 kV power grid concerning load balance[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1619-1626(in Chinese).
[18]朱兰,周雪莹,唐陇军,等.计及可中断负荷的微电网多目标优化运行[J].电网技术,2017,41(,6):151-158.Zhu Lan,Zhou Xueying,Tang Longjun,et al.Multi-objective optimal operation for microgrid considering interruptible loads[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):151-158(in Chinese).
[19]康小平,王溢熹,陈德炜,等.配电网大面积停电时快速恢复路径选择算法研究[J].电力信息与通信技术,2018,16(4):64-69.Kang Xiaoping,Wang Yixi,Chen Deyi,et al.Research on fast recovery path selection algorithm of large blackout in distribution network[J].Electric Power Information and Communication Technology,2018,16(4):64-69(in Chinese).
[20]Rao R S,Ravindra K,Satish K,et al.Power loss minimization in distribution system using network reconfiguration in the presence of distributed generation[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2013,28(1):317-325.
[21]李扬,李亚辉,李国庆,等.考虑经济性和环境因素的含VSC-HVDC交直流系统多目标最优潮流[J].电网技术,2016,40(9):2661-2667.Li Yang,Li Yahui,Li Guoqing,et al.A multi-objective optimal flow approach considering economy and environmental factors for hybrid AC/DC grids incorporating VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(9):2661-2667(in Chinese).
[22]向月,刘俊勇,姚良忠,等.故障条件下含分布式电源配网的孤岛划分与重构优化策略研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1025-1032.Xiang Yue,Liu Junyong,Yao Liangzhong,et al.Optimization strategy for island partitioning and reconfiguration of faulted distribution network containing distributed generation[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1025-1032(in Chinese).