蒸发波导环境测量方法对比分析
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摘要
蒸发波导现象显著影响海上电磁波传播,快速获取大范围精确的修正折射率参数成为了蒸发波导研究热点。文中分析了现有的蒸发波导预测模型,对其中的经典模型进行了仿真,对比不同模型的仿真结果,总结了模型方法预测波导高度及修正折射率廓线的不足。然后从硬件角度出发对比现有蒸发波导测量系统原理、测量精度及适用条件,分析测量系统引入的误差源进而给出了不同测量系统的改进方向,总结出修正折射率廓线测量系统应具备的测量精度及数据条件。最后通过方法间对比及蒸发波导实测数据的应用过程分析,对不同方法未来的研究方向和发展趋势进行了展望。
The evaporation duct has a significant effect on the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the sea.The rapid acquisition of large scale accurate refractive index parameters has become a research hotspot of evaporation duct. This paper firstly analyzes the existing prediction model of evaporation duct and simulates the classical model. Then the prediction model of evaporation duct height is established and the lack of correct refractive index profile is summarized by comparing the simulation results of different models. In order to sum up the measurement accuracy and data conditions that the measuring system should have, and analyze the error source introduced by the measurement system aiming at the improvement direction of different measurement systems, this paper compares the original principle, measurement accuracy and applicable conditions of the existing evaporation duct measurement system from the perspective of hardware. Finally, the future research direction and development trend of different methods are summarized through the comparison of the methods and the analysis on the application process of the measured data used in evaporation duct environmental parameter calculation.
The evaporation duct has a significant effect on the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the sea.The rapid acquisition of large scale accurate refractive index parameters has become a research hotspot of evaporation duct. This paper firstly analyzes the existing prediction model of evaporation duct and simulates the classical model. Then the prediction model of evaporation duct height is established and the lack of correct refractive index profile is summarized by comparing the simulation results of different models. In order to sum up the measurement accuracy and data conditions that the measuring system should have, and analyze the error source introduced by the measurement system aiming at the improvement direction of different measurement systems, this paper compares the original principle, measurement accuracy and applicable conditions of the existing evaporation duct measurement system from the perspective of hardware. Finally, the future research direction and development trend of different methods are summarized through the comparison of the methods and the analysis on the application process of the measured data used in evaporation duct environmental parameter calculation.
引文
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[23]张瑜,师帅涛.精确测量大气折射率的微波折射率仪[J].海军工程大学学报,2009,21(4):26-29.Zhang Yu,Shi Shuaitao.Microwave refractive index meter for accurate measurement of atmospheric refractive index[J].Journal of Naval Engineering University,2009,21(4):26-29.(in Chinese)
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[25]Sun Y,Mao J.The design of signal acquisition and processing of Rotational Raman temperature measuring lidar system[C]//Control and Decision Conference.IEEE,2016:4330-4333.
[26]范建业,高山红,康士峰,等.基于气象梯度仪的蒸发波导探测[J].无线电工程,2012,42(11):32-33.Fan Jianye,Gao Shanhong,Kang Shifeng,et al.Evaporation waveguide detection based on meteorological gradiometer[J].Radio Engineering,2012,42(11):32-33.(in Chinese)
[27]马征征,王晓宾.悬空波导的激光雷达探测能力个例研究[J].电波科学学报,2014,29(5):928-931.Ma Zhengzheng,Wang Xiaobin.A case study on the lidar detection capability of a suspended waveguide[J].Journal of Radio Wave Science,2014,29(5):928-931.(in Chinese)
[28]王波,吴振森,赵振维,等.基于蚁群算法的雷达海杂波反演蒸发波导研究[J].电波科学学报,2009,24(4):598-603.Wang Bo,Wu Zhensen,Zhao Zhenwei,et al.Research on radar sea clutter inversion evaporative waveguide based on ant colony algorithm[J].Journal of Radio Wave Science,2009,24(4):598-603.(in Chinese)
[29]左雷,王春雨,金丹,等.基于雷达海杂波与蒸发波导模型参数化的反演方法研究[J].舰船电子工程,2017,37(3):78-82.Zuo Lei,Wang Chunyu,Jin Dan,et al.Research on the inversion method based on the parameterization of radar sea clutter and evaporation waveguide model[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2017,37(3):78-82.(in Chinese)
[30]焦林,李云波,张永刚.中国近海蒸发波导区划研究[J].海洋技术学报,2017,36(3):7-12.Jiao Lin,Li Yunbo,Zhang Yonggang.Study on the zoning of China's offshore evaporative waveguide[J].Journal of Ocean Technology,2017,36(3):7-12.(in Chinese)
[31]张鹏,张守宝,等.区域海面蒸发波导预报与监测试验对比分析[J].电波科学学报,2017,3(2):215-220.Zhang Peng,Zhang Shoubao,et al.Comparative analysis of prediction and monitoring experiments of regional surface evaporation waveguide[J].Journal of Radio Wave Science,2017,3(2):215-220.(in Chinese)
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[34]崔萌达,察豪,田斌.雷达威力预报技术中海表温度测量及修正方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(5):116-121.Cui Mengda,Cha Hao,Tian Bin.Measurement and correction of SST in radar power prediction technology[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(5):116-121.(in Chinese)
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[2]斯塔尔.边界层气象学导论[M].青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1991.Stahl.Introduction to boundary layer meteorology[M].Qingdao:Qingdao Ocean University Press,1991.(in Chinese)
[3]Paulus R.Practical application of an evaporation duct model[J].Radio Science,1985,20(4):887-896.
[4]Jeske H.State and limits of prediction methods of radar wave propagation conditions over sea[M].Modern Topics in Microwave Propagation and Air-Sea Interaction.Springer Netherlands,1973:130-148.
[5]李诗明,陈陟,乔然,等.海上蒸发波导模式研究进展及面临的问题[J].海洋预报,2005,22(z1):128-139.Li Shiming,Chen She,Qiao Ran,et al.Research progress and problems of ocean evapotranspiration waveguide model[J].Ocean Prediction,2005,22(z1):128-139.(in Chinese)
[6]郭相明,康士峰,张玉生,等.蒸发波导模型特征及其适用性研究[J].海洋预报,2013,30(5):75-83.Guo Xiangming,Kang Shifeng,Zhang Yusheng,et al.Characteristics and applicability of evaporation waveguide model[J].Ocean Prediction,2013,30(5):75-83.(in Chinese)
[7]杨少波,李醒飞,吴建宾,等.基于NPS蒸发波导预测模型的适应性研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2016,30(12):1899-1906.Yang Shaobo,Li Xingfei,Wu Jianbin,et al.Research on adaptability of prediction model of evaporation waveguide based on NPS[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2016,30(12):1899-1906.(in Chinese)
[8]Fairall C,Bradley E,Rogers D,et al.Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for tropical ocean-global atmosphere coupled-ocean atmosphere response experiment[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans,1996,101(C2):3747-3764.
[9]Beljaars A,Holtslag A.Flux Parameterization over Land Surfaces for Atmospheric Models[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1987,30(3):327-341.
[10]刘立行,李煜斌,等.基于非迭代海-气通量算法的蒸发波导预测模型研究[J].应用海洋学学报,2017(4):474-486.Liu Lixing,Li Yubin,et al.Study on evaporative waveguide prediction model based on non-iterative sea-air flux algorithm[J].Journal of Applied Oceanography,2017(4):474-486.(in Chinese)
[11]Fairall C,Bradley E,Hare J,et al.Bulk Parameterization of Air Sea Fluxes:Updates and Verification for the COARE Algorithm[J].Journal of Climate,2003,16(4):571-591.
[12]Musson-Genon L,Gauthier S,Bruth E.A simple method to determine evaporation duct height in the sea surface boundary layer[J].Radio Science,2016,27(5):635-644.
[13]Babin S,Young G,Carton J.A new model of the oceanic evaporation duct.[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1997,36(3):193-204.
[14]Babin S,Dockery G.LKB-based evaporation duct model comparison with buoy data[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,2010,41(4):434-446.
[15]刘成国,黄际英,江长荫,等.用伪折射率和相似理论计算海上蒸发波导剖面[J].电子学报,2001,29(7):970-972.Liu Chengguo,Huang Jiying,Jiang Changyin,et al.Calculation of Marine evaporative waveguide profile using pseudo refractive index and similarity theory[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2001,29(7):970-972.(in Chinese)
[16]田斌,察豪,李杰,等.蒸发波导伪折射率模型特性[J].火力与指挥控制,2010,35(12):73-75.Tian Bin,Cha Hao,Li Jie,et al.Characteristics of pseudo-refractive index model of evaporative waveguide[J].Fire and Command and Control,2010,35(12):73-75.(in Chinese)
[17]Panofsky H.Determination of stress from wind and temperature measurements[J].Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,1963,89(379):85-94.
[18]Businger J.Flux profile relationships in the atmospheric surface layer[J].J Atmos Sci,1971,28(28):181-189.
[19]Grachev A,Fairall C,Bradley E.Convective Profile Constants Revisited[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2000,94(3):495-515.
[20]王悦,王春雨.基于大气折射指数的多点数据采集系统设计[J].电子科技,2013,26(10):76-78.Wang Yue,Wang Chunyu.Design of multi-point data acquisition system based on atmospheric refraction index[J].Electronic Science and Technology,2013,26(10):76-78.(in Chinese)
[21]翁锦辉,罗建平,王凡,等.气象探空数据动态比对中误差计算方法研究[J].气象研究与应用,2010,31(3):75-77.Weng Jinhui,Luo Jianping,Wang Fan,et al.Research on the calculation method of median error in dynamic comparison of meteorological sounding data[J].Journal of Meteorological Research and Application,2010,31(3):75-77.(in Chinese)
[22]马颖,姚雯,黄炳勋.59型与L波段探空仪温度和位势高度记录对比[J].应用气象学报,2010,21(2):214-220.Ma Ying,Yao Wen,Huang Bingxun.Comparison of temperature and geopotential height records of type 59 and l-band sonde[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Meteorology,2010,21(2):214-220.(in Chinese)
[23]张瑜,师帅涛.精确测量大气折射率的微波折射率仪[J].海军工程大学学报,2009,21(4):26-29.Zhang Yu,Shi Shuaitao.Microwave refractive index meter for accurate measurement of atmospheric refractive index[J].Journal of Naval Engineering University,2009,21(4):26-29.(in Chinese)
[24]张爱丽,王艳军,张瑜.蒸发波导测量仪器的精度分析与检验[J].西安电子科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,39(4):191-196.Zhang Aili,Wang Yanjun,Zhang Yu.Precision analysis and test of evaporative waveguide measurement instruments[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,39(4):191-196.(in Chinese)
[25]Sun Y,Mao J.The design of signal acquisition and processing of Rotational Raman temperature measuring lidar system[C]//Control and Decision Conference.IEEE,2016:4330-4333.
[26]范建业,高山红,康士峰,等.基于气象梯度仪的蒸发波导探测[J].无线电工程,2012,42(11):32-33.Fan Jianye,Gao Shanhong,Kang Shifeng,et al.Evaporation waveguide detection based on meteorological gradiometer[J].Radio Engineering,2012,42(11):32-33.(in Chinese)
[27]马征征,王晓宾.悬空波导的激光雷达探测能力个例研究[J].电波科学学报,2014,29(5):928-931.Ma Zhengzheng,Wang Xiaobin.A case study on the lidar detection capability of a suspended waveguide[J].Journal of Radio Wave Science,2014,29(5):928-931.(in Chinese)
[28]王波,吴振森,赵振维,等.基于蚁群算法的雷达海杂波反演蒸发波导研究[J].电波科学学报,2009,24(4):598-603.Wang Bo,Wu Zhensen,Zhao Zhenwei,et al.Research on radar sea clutter inversion evaporative waveguide based on ant colony algorithm[J].Journal of Radio Wave Science,2009,24(4):598-603.(in Chinese)
[29]左雷,王春雨,金丹,等.基于雷达海杂波与蒸发波导模型参数化的反演方法研究[J].舰船电子工程,2017,37(3):78-82.Zuo Lei,Wang Chunyu,Jin Dan,et al.Research on the inversion method based on the parameterization of radar sea clutter and evaporation waveguide model[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2017,37(3):78-82.(in Chinese)
[30]焦林,李云波,张永刚.中国近海蒸发波导区划研究[J].海洋技术学报,2017,36(3):7-12.Jiao Lin,Li Yunbo,Zhang Yonggang.Study on the zoning of China's offshore evaporative waveguide[J].Journal of Ocean Technology,2017,36(3):7-12.(in Chinese)
[31]张鹏,张守宝,等.区域海面蒸发波导预报与监测试验对比分析[J].电波科学学报,2017,3(2):215-220.Zhang Peng,Zhang Shoubao,et al.Comparative analysis of prediction and monitoring experiments of regional surface evaporation waveguide[J].Journal of Radio Wave Science,2017,3(2):215-220.(in Chinese)
[32]田斌,葛义军,等.西印度洋峡湾海区蒸发波导对电磁波传播影响研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2017,49(4):104-110.Tian Bin,Ge Yijun,et al.Study on the influence of evaporation waveguide on electromagnetic wave propagation in the western Indian Ocean fjord[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2017,49(4):104-110.(in Chinese)
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