以悲伤阶段论解读梅尧臣悼亡诗的独特风格
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摘要
中国古代悼亡诗,大多创作于作者丧妻之痛最为酷烈的时段,专注于表达对亡妻种种美好的刻骨情感。而梅尧臣的悼亡诗却呈现了悲伤"爆发——沉淀——平复"的完整历程,其中涉及到的创伤的平复、续弦再娶,在中国历代悼亡诗词中极为罕见。以心理学悲伤阶段论观之,梅尧臣在悼亡诗中所呈现的悲伤历程,符合丧亲者的普遍心理过程,他真实坦率地抒发与亡妻相关的一切感情,没有因为哀悼者的特殊心理而回避创伤的平复。这既是梅尧臣悼亡诗的独特风格,也是其价值所在。
Chinese ancient elegies has formed a tradition to mainly express the poets' most painful stage of grief. The emotion is focused on their late wives. However,Mei Yaochen's mourning poems cover the complete stages of grief: outbreak,precipitation and acceptance. Among all Chinese ancient elegies,the stage of grief acceptance and the second wife can only been found in Mei Yaochen 's poems. The grief stages presented in Mei Yaochen's poems are the same as all the bereaved. Mei Yaochen frankly expressed his true feelings and everything related to his late wife. He did not avoid the stage of grief acceptance because of mourners' special psychology.This is the characteristic of Mei Yaochen's mourning poems,as well as the embodiment of theirspecial value.
Chinese ancient elegies has formed a tradition to mainly express the poets' most painful stage of grief. The emotion is focused on their late wives. However,Mei Yaochen's mourning poems cover the complete stages of grief: outbreak,precipitation and acceptance. Among all Chinese ancient elegies,the stage of grief acceptance and the second wife can only been found in Mei Yaochen 's poems. The grief stages presented in Mei Yaochen's poems are the same as all the bereaved. Mei Yaochen frankly expressed his true feelings and everything related to his late wife. He did not avoid the stage of grief acceptance because of mourners' special psychology.This is the characteristic of Mei Yaochen's mourning poems,as well as the embodiment of theirspecial value.
引文
[1](宋)梅尧臣撰,朱东润编年校注.梅尧臣集编年校注(上、中、下)[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2006.
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[11]胡旭.悼亡诗史[M].上海:东方出版中心,2010.
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[2]朱东润.梅尧臣传[M].北京:中华书局,1979.
[3]周义敢,周雷.梅尧臣资料汇编[C].北京:中华书局,2007.
[4]朱东润.梅尧臣诗选[C].北京:人民文学出版社,1997.
[5]潘岳撰,董志广校注.潘岳集校注[M].天津:天津古籍出版社,2005.
[6]孔凡礼.苏轼年谱[M].北京:中华书局,1988.
[7](宋)陆游.陆游集[C].北京:中华书局,1976.
[8](清)顾炎武著,华忱之校.顾亭林诗文集[M].北京:中华书局,1983.
[9]王立.永恒的眷恋---悼祭文学的主题史研究[M].上海:学林出版社,1999.
[10]尚永亮,高晖.十年生死两茫茫---悼亡诗百首译析[M].西安:陕西人民教育出版社,1989.
[11]胡旭.悼亡诗史[M].上海:东方出版中心,2010.
[12][美]库伯勒·罗斯,凯思乐.当绿叶缓缓落下:与生死学大师的最后对话[M].张美惠译.成都:四川大学出版社,2008.