归属感对农村教师离职意向的影响研究——基于情绪耗竭的中介效应分析
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摘要
探索归属感与农村教师离职意向的关系及作用机制,对稳定农村教师队伍有着重要的现实意义。本研究以对云南某县8所农村学校278名教师调查所获得的数据为分析元,从情绪耗竭视角,探索归属感与农村教师离职意向的关系及其作用机制。结果发现:(1)在不考虑情绪耗竭时,归属感对农村教师离职意向有直接效应;(2)将情绪耗竭纳入模型后,归属感对农村教师离职意向的直接效应仍达到显著性水平,但其直接效应量有所降低;(3)在归属感影响农村教师离职意向的过程中,情绪耗竭能够充当部分中介作用。
Exploring the relationship between the sense of belonging and the turnover intention of rural teachers and the mechanism of action has important practical significance for developing of education teaching force of rural teachers. The data obtained from a survey of 278 teachers in 8 rural schools in a county in Yunnan Province was used as the analysis element.This paper explores the relationship between the sense of belonging and rural teachers' turnover intention and their mechanisms of action from the perspective of emotional exhaustion. The results showed that:( 1) The direct effect of the sense of belonging on rural teachers' turnover intentions reached a significant level without considering the emotional exhaustion.( 2)After the emotional exhaustion was included in the model,the direct effect of the sense of belonging on rural teachers' turnover intentions still reached a significant level,but the direct effect was reduced.( 3) In the process of the sense of belonging affecting rural teachers' turnover intentions,emotional exhaustion can act as a part of intermediary function.
Exploring the relationship between the sense of belonging and the turnover intention of rural teachers and the mechanism of action has important practical significance for developing of education teaching force of rural teachers. The data obtained from a survey of 278 teachers in 8 rural schools in a county in Yunnan Province was used as the analysis element.This paper explores the relationship between the sense of belonging and rural teachers' turnover intention and their mechanisms of action from the perspective of emotional exhaustion. The results showed that:( 1) The direct effect of the sense of belonging on rural teachers' turnover intentions reached a significant level without considering the emotional exhaustion.( 2)After the emotional exhaustion was included in the model,the direct effect of the sense of belonging on rural teachers' turnover intentions still reached a significant level,but the direct effect was reduced.( 3) In the process of the sense of belonging affecting rural teachers' turnover intentions,emotional exhaustion can act as a part of intermediary function.
引文
[1]谢凌凌,龚怡祖,张琼.关于农村教师离职问题的职业心理考察——基于教师自尊、职业承诺与组织公民行为间关系的分析[J].中国农村观察,2011(1):60-72.
[2]李维,许佳宾.县域义务教育教师主观地位认同与转岗意向关系:工作满意度的中介作用[J].现代教育管理,2018(2):83-88.
[3]席燕平.辱虐管理对员工离职意愿的影响研究——情绪耗竭与员工对主管信任的多重中介作用[J].技术经济与管理研究,2016(12):51-55.
[4] MOBLEY W. H.,GRIFFETH R. W.,HAND H. H.,et al.Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process[J]. Psychological Bulletin,1979(3):493-522.
[5] MOBLEY W. H. Intermediate Linkages in the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1977(2):237-240.
[6] MICHAELS C. E.,SPECTOR P. E. Causes of Employee Turnover:A Test of the Mobley,Griffeth, Hand, and Meglino Model[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology,1982(1):53-59.
[7][10][18][27]SKAALVIK E. M.,SKAALVIK S. Satisfaction and motivation to leave the teaching profession:Relations with school context,feeling of belonging,and emotional exhaustion[J]. Teaching and Teacher Education,2011(6):1029-1038.
[8] CHENG,S.,KLUGMAN,J. School Racial Composition and Biracial Adolescent[J]. The Sociological Quarterly,2010(1):150-178.
[9][14]潘松华,孙素云,张智松.高校图书馆青年馆员“组织归属感”实证研究——调查、分析与对策[J].图书情报工作,2010(19):101-105.
[11] SKAALVIK E. M.,SKAALVIK S. Teachers’feeling of belonging,exhaustion,and job satisfaction:the role of school goal structure and value consonance[J]. Anxiety,Stress and Coping,2011(4):369-385.
[12][19] MASLACH C.,JACKSON S. E. The measurement of experienced burnout[J]. Journal of Occupational Behavior,1981(2):99-113.
[13] SCHWARZER R.,SCHMITZ G. S.,TANG C. Teacher burnout in Hong Kong and Germany:a cross-cultural validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory[J]. Anxiety,Stress and Coping,2000(3):309-326.
[15]高进,杨建闯.局内的“局外人”:政府雇员组织归属感影响因素研究[J].中国行政管理,2018(1):92-97.
[16] HOBFOLL S. E. Conservation of resources. A new attempt at conceptualizing stress[J]. American psychologist,1989(3):513-524.
[17]张正平,郭乃绮,陈羿君.台湾偏远地区小学教师离职倾向与情绪耗竭之关联性研究[J].苏州大学学报(教育科学版),2016(1):113-123.
[20]魏淑华.教师职业认同研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008.
[21] HAIR J. F.,ANDERSON R. E.,THATAM R. L.,et al.Multivariate Data Analysis[M]. 7th Ed. London:Pearson Education Limited,2013:677-679.
[22][23][24] FORNELL C.,LARCKER D. F. Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable and Measurement Errors[J]. Journal of Marketing Research,1981(1):39-50.
[25] MACKINNON D. P.,LOCKWOOD C. M.,HOFFMAN,J. M.,et al. A Comparison of Methods to Test Mediation and Other Intervening Variable Effects[J]. Psychological Methods,2002(1):83-104.
[26] MACKINNON D. P.,FAIRCHILD A. J. Current directions in mediation analysis[J]. Current Directions in Psychological Science,2009(18):16-20.
[28]叶一舵,熊猛.团体归属感对城市农民工子女心理健康的影响及其内部机制[J].福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(4):150-160.
[29]孙晨哲,武培博.初中生学校归属感、自我价值感与心理弹性的相关研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011(11):1352-1355.
[2]李维,许佳宾.县域义务教育教师主观地位认同与转岗意向关系:工作满意度的中介作用[J].现代教育管理,2018(2):83-88.
[3]席燕平.辱虐管理对员工离职意愿的影响研究——情绪耗竭与员工对主管信任的多重中介作用[J].技术经济与管理研究,2016(12):51-55.
[4] MOBLEY W. H.,GRIFFETH R. W.,HAND H. H.,et al.Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process[J]. Psychological Bulletin,1979(3):493-522.
[5] MOBLEY W. H. Intermediate Linkages in the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1977(2):237-240.
[6] MICHAELS C. E.,SPECTOR P. E. Causes of Employee Turnover:A Test of the Mobley,Griffeth, Hand, and Meglino Model[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology,1982(1):53-59.
[7][10][18][27]SKAALVIK E. M.,SKAALVIK S. Satisfaction and motivation to leave the teaching profession:Relations with school context,feeling of belonging,and emotional exhaustion[J]. Teaching and Teacher Education,2011(6):1029-1038.
[8] CHENG,S.,KLUGMAN,J. School Racial Composition and Biracial Adolescent[J]. The Sociological Quarterly,2010(1):150-178.
[9][14]潘松华,孙素云,张智松.高校图书馆青年馆员“组织归属感”实证研究——调查、分析与对策[J].图书情报工作,2010(19):101-105.
[11] SKAALVIK E. M.,SKAALVIK S. Teachers’feeling of belonging,exhaustion,and job satisfaction:the role of school goal structure and value consonance[J]. Anxiety,Stress and Coping,2011(4):369-385.
[12][19] MASLACH C.,JACKSON S. E. The measurement of experienced burnout[J]. Journal of Occupational Behavior,1981(2):99-113.
[13] SCHWARZER R.,SCHMITZ G. S.,TANG C. Teacher burnout in Hong Kong and Germany:a cross-cultural validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory[J]. Anxiety,Stress and Coping,2000(3):309-326.
[15]高进,杨建闯.局内的“局外人”:政府雇员组织归属感影响因素研究[J].中国行政管理,2018(1):92-97.
[16] HOBFOLL S. E. Conservation of resources. A new attempt at conceptualizing stress[J]. American psychologist,1989(3):513-524.
[17]张正平,郭乃绮,陈羿君.台湾偏远地区小学教师离职倾向与情绪耗竭之关联性研究[J].苏州大学学报(教育科学版),2016(1):113-123.
[20]魏淑华.教师职业认同研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008.
[21] HAIR J. F.,ANDERSON R. E.,THATAM R. L.,et al.Multivariate Data Analysis[M]. 7th Ed. London:Pearson Education Limited,2013:677-679.
[22][23][24] FORNELL C.,LARCKER D. F. Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable and Measurement Errors[J]. Journal of Marketing Research,1981(1):39-50.
[25] MACKINNON D. P.,LOCKWOOD C. M.,HOFFMAN,J. M.,et al. A Comparison of Methods to Test Mediation and Other Intervening Variable Effects[J]. Psychological Methods,2002(1):83-104.
[26] MACKINNON D. P.,FAIRCHILD A. J. Current directions in mediation analysis[J]. Current Directions in Psychological Science,2009(18):16-20.
[28]叶一舵,熊猛.团体归属感对城市农民工子女心理健康的影响及其内部机制[J].福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(4):150-160.
[29]孙晨哲,武培博.初中生学校归属感、自我价值感与心理弹性的相关研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011(11):1352-1355.