煤矿粉尘职业危害监测技术及其发展趋势
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摘要
为有效预防煤矿粉尘职业危害,以煤矿粉尘特别是呼吸性粉尘浓度检测技术为研究对象,探讨了呼吸性粉尘颗粒物国内外分离技术和标准、分析了目前环境总粉尘浓度连续监测技术和个体呼吸性粉尘浓度监测技术,针对国内外环境呼吸性粉尘浓度连续监测技术方面尚处空白的现状,提出了开展环境呼吸性粉尘在线连续监测及个体监测技术研究的基本思路,阐述了煤矿粉尘职业危害监测预警技术的发展趋势,以及构建煤矿粉尘职业危害监测预警平台的架构模式。研究结果表明:满足"BMRC"分离曲线的分离器是实现呼吸性粉尘颗粒物浓度检测的前提,激光散射法、微量振荡天平法等是主要手段,只有建立起基于网络化大数据支撑的新型职业危害预警指标体系和预警模型,才能真正实现煤矿粉尘职业危害有效预测,提高监管水平。
In order to effectively prevent the dust occupational hazards of the coal mine,based on the respirable dust density detection technology of the mine dust specially as the study object,the paper discussed the domestic and overseas separation technology and standard of the respirable dust particles and analyzed the total dust density continuous monitoring technology at the present environment and the personal respirable dust density monitoring technology. According to a blank status of the environment respirable dust continuous monitoring technology at home and abroad,the paper provided a base idea to conduct the on-line continued monitoring of the environment respirable dust and to study the individual monitoring technology. The paper stated the development tendency of the dust occupational hazard monitoring and early warning technology and to establish the framework mode of the dust occupational hazard monitoring and the early warning platform in coal mine. The study result showed that the separator to meet the "BMRC"separation curve would be the premise to realize the detection of the respirable dust particle density. The laser scattering method,the micro quality oscillating balance method and others would be the major means. Only the early warning index system of the new occupational hazard and the early warning model of the new occupational hazards established,the effective prediction of the coal mine dust occupational hazards could be really realized and the monitoring level could be improved.
In order to effectively prevent the dust occupational hazards of the coal mine,based on the respirable dust density detection technology of the mine dust specially as the study object,the paper discussed the domestic and overseas separation technology and standard of the respirable dust particles and analyzed the total dust density continuous monitoring technology at the present environment and the personal respirable dust density monitoring technology. According to a blank status of the environment respirable dust continuous monitoring technology at home and abroad,the paper provided a base idea to conduct the on-line continued monitoring of the environment respirable dust and to study the individual monitoring technology. The paper stated the development tendency of the dust occupational hazard monitoring and early warning technology and to establish the framework mode of the dust occupational hazard monitoring and the early warning platform in coal mine. The study result showed that the separator to meet the "BMRC"separation curve would be the premise to realize the detection of the respirable dust particle density. The laser scattering method,the micro quality oscillating balance method and others would be the major means. Only the early warning index system of the new occupational hazard and the early warning model of the new occupational hazards established,the effective prediction of the coal mine dust occupational hazards could be really realized and the monitoring level could be improved.
引文
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[15]马威,刘勇,陈芳.难湿润煤层快速综掘工作面粉尘防治技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1);70-73.MA Wei,LIU Yong,CHEN Fang.Fine dust prevention and control technology of rapid fully-mechanized working face in wetting difficultly seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(1):70-73.
[16]赵政.基于光散射法的粉尘浓度检测技术研究[J].电子设计工程,2015(24):116-118.ZHAO Zheng.Study on dust concentration detection technologybased on light scattering method[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2015(24):116-118.
[17]张所容,陈建阁.金属粉尘浓度检测技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2017,43(3):57-60.ZHANG Suorong,CHEN Jiange.Study on detection technology of metal dust concentration[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2017,43(3):57-60.
[18]CHENG Jianwei,ZHANG Xixi,APURNA Ghosh.Explosion risk assessment model for underground mine atmosphere[J].Journal of Fire Sciences,2017,35(1):21-35.
[19]LEE D,GUTOWSKI IA,BAILEY AE,et al.Investigating the microstructure of a yield-stress fluid by light scattering[J].Physical Review E,2011,83(3):514-518.
[20]Ratchambigai S,Subba Rao S,Bhaskar Raju G.Beneficiation of an Indian non-coking coal by column flotation[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2016,3(2):206-214.
[21]何琳,常颖聪.国内外科学数据出版研究进展[J].图书情报工作,2013,58(5):104-110.HE Lin,CHANG Yingcong.Research progress of scientific data publishing at home and abroad[J].Library and Information Work,2013,58(5):104-110.
[2]马胜利,晋继伟,王晔.综采工作面呼吸性粉尘分布规律研究[J].煤炭技术,2017,10(4):149-152.MA Shengli,JIN Jiwei,WANG Ye.Study on distribution law of respiratory dust in fully-mechanizedworking face[J].Coal Technology,2017,10(4):149-152.
[3]张丹丹,刘贝贝.我国矿山职业病的统计与展望分析[J].能源与环保,2017,39(9):173-178.ZHANG Dandn,LIU Beibei.Statistics and prospect of occupational diseases of mine in China[J].China Energy and Environmental Protection,2017,39(9):173-178.
[4]秦跃平,张苗苗,崔丽洁,等.综掘工作面粉尘运移的数值模拟及压风分流降尘方式研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(7):790-794.QIN Yueping,ZHANG Miaomiao,CUI Lijie,et al.Numerical simulation of dust migration and study on dust removal modes with the forced ventilation shunt in a fully mechanized workface[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(7):790-794.
[5]庞杰文,谢建林,卢国菊,等.长抽短压通风下综掘工作面粉尘分布特征研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(10):76-81.PANG Jiewen,XIE Jianlin,LU Guoju,et al.Technology of mine safety and information automatic[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(10):76-81.
[6]原永涛,魏玉珍,张滨渭,等.多级冲击采样器用于发电厂烟道飞灰采样的探讨[J].热力发电,2012,39(5):77-81.YUAN Yongtao,WEI Yuzhen,ZHANG Binwei,et al.Discussion on multi-stage impact sampler for flue[J].Thermal Power Generation,2012,39(5):77-81.
[7]秦鹏,孔雷,杨子祥.综掘面煤尘防治综合技术研究[J].煤矿现代化,2017(4):18-20.QIN Peng,KONG Lei,YANG Zixiang.The comprehensive technology research on coal dust control in fully-mechanized coal mining face[J].Coal Mine Modernization,2017(4):18-20.
[8]苏伟,武晶晶,于建奇,等.旋风分离器的气相流场的性能分析及数值模拟[J].信息技术,2017,10(3):161-163.SU Wei,WU Jingjing,YU Jianqi,et al.Performance analysis and numerical simulation of gas flow field in cyclone[J].Information Technology,2017,10(3):161-163.
[9]惠立锋.基于RSM的呼吸性粉尘旋风分离器分离效能数值模拟研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1692-1697.HUI Lifeng.Numerical analysis on the respirable dust separation efficiency of cyclone separator using response surface methodology[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1692-1697.
[10]陈建阁,吴付祥,王杰.电荷感应法粉尘浓度检测技术[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):713-718.CHEN Jiange,WU Fuxiang,WANG Jie.Dust concentration detection technology of charge induction method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):713-718.
[11]蒋仲安,陈举师,王晶晶,等.胶带输送巷道粉尘运动规律的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):659-663.JIANG Zhongan,CHEN Jushi,WANG Jingjing,et al.Numerical simulation of dust movement in tape conveying roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(4):659-663.
[12]杨俊哲.神东矿区综合防尘技术及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(11):54-59.YANG Junzhe.Comprehensive dust prevention technology and application in Shendong Mining Area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(11):54-59.
[13]DEGAN G A,PINZARI D L M.Monitoring airborne dust in an Italian basalt quarry:comparison between sampling methods[C]//Air Pollution XXI.Siena,Italy:WIT Press,2013:75-84.
[14]刘小虎.粉尘浓度测量技术研究[D].西安:西安工业大学,2013:2-7.
[15]马威,刘勇,陈芳.难湿润煤层快速综掘工作面粉尘防治技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1);70-73.MA Wei,LIU Yong,CHEN Fang.Fine dust prevention and control technology of rapid fully-mechanized working face in wetting difficultly seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(1):70-73.
[16]赵政.基于光散射法的粉尘浓度检测技术研究[J].电子设计工程,2015(24):116-118.ZHAO Zheng.Study on dust concentration detection technologybased on light scattering method[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2015(24):116-118.
[17]张所容,陈建阁.金属粉尘浓度检测技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2017,43(3):57-60.ZHANG Suorong,CHEN Jiange.Study on detection technology of metal dust concentration[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2017,43(3):57-60.
[18]CHENG Jianwei,ZHANG Xixi,APURNA Ghosh.Explosion risk assessment model for underground mine atmosphere[J].Journal of Fire Sciences,2017,35(1):21-35.
[19]LEE D,GUTOWSKI IA,BAILEY AE,et al.Investigating the microstructure of a yield-stress fluid by light scattering[J].Physical Review E,2011,83(3):514-518.
[20]Ratchambigai S,Subba Rao S,Bhaskar Raju G.Beneficiation of an Indian non-coking coal by column flotation[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2016,3(2):206-214.
[21]何琳,常颖聪.国内外科学数据出版研究进展[J].图书情报工作,2013,58(5):104-110.HE Lin,CHANG Yingcong.Research progress of scientific data publishing at home and abroad[J].Library and Information Work,2013,58(5):104-110.