储能提升特高压交直流输电能力与提供跨区备用研究
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摘要
探索应用储能为弱受端电网提供故障后大功率支撑以提升特高压交直流输电线稳态输送能力,同时兼作送端电网调峰的跨区备用源以增加新能源发电空间,以有效促进新能源跨区外送降低弃风弃光率。基于特高压交直流馈入受端电网的功率缺额与频率变化间的对应关系,提出在电网频率最低点满足要求的前提下,电网受电能力提升程度与储能容量配置间的数学模型;依据送端电网典型日各时段负荷特性建立可释放的新能源发电空间与所需储能备用调峰容量间的数学模型。结合考虑事故功率支撑与跨区调峰备用的容量需求特性及优先级别,探索两种功能联合应用下的容量需求方案和技术经济可行性。以交直流馈入的弱受端河南电网及新能源富集的送端新疆电网为例,验证了该新能源消外送纳能力提升方案的有效性。
This paper concerns the use of energy storage for enhancing transmission capacities and trans-regional reserves of a UHV AC/DC power grid. First, based on the correspondence of power shortage to frequency variation in the receiving system of UHV AC/DC power grid, this paper proposes a model on capability improvement of the receiver and capacity allocation of storage while maintaining the stability of the minimal frequency scenarios. Second, through the analysis of the load characteristics of different intervals during typical days, a model between increasing renewable generation and required capacity of storage for peak shaving is also proposed. Third, considering both the fault support and trans-regional peak shaving reserve as well as their priorities, the capacity configuration and the associated economic feasibility are studied. Finally, verification of the method is done by a simulation which sets Henan Grid as the weak receiving end while Xinjiang Grid as the sending end abundant in renewable energy.
This paper concerns the use of energy storage for enhancing transmission capacities and trans-regional reserves of a UHV AC/DC power grid. First, based on the correspondence of power shortage to frequency variation in the receiving system of UHV AC/DC power grid, this paper proposes a model on capability improvement of the receiver and capacity allocation of storage while maintaining the stability of the minimal frequency scenarios. Second, through the analysis of the load characteristics of different intervals during typical days, a model between increasing renewable generation and required capacity of storage for peak shaving is also proposed. Third, considering both the fault support and trans-regional peak shaving reserve as well as their priorities, the capacity configuration and the associated economic feasibility are studied. Finally, verification of the method is done by a simulation which sets Henan Grid as the weak receiving end while Xinjiang Grid as the sending end abundant in renewable energy.
引文
[1]刘振亚,张启平,董存,等.通过特高压直流实现大型能源基地风、光、火电力大规模高效率安全外送研究[J].中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(16):2513-2522.LIU Zhenya, ZHANG Qiping, DONG Cun, et al. Efficient andsecurity transmission of wind, photovoltaic and thermal power oflarge-scale energy resource bases through UHVDC projects[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(16):2513-2522.
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[4]王晶.甘肃新能源消纳现状及分析[J].电力需求侧管理, 2016,18(6):49-51.WANG Jing. Analysis of Gansu new energy accommodation[J].Power DSM, 2016, 18(6):49-51.
[5]王莹,刘兵,刘天斌,等.特高压直流闭锁后省间紧急功率支援的协调优化调度策略[J].中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(11):2695-2702.WANG Ying, LIU Bing, LIU Tianbin, et al. Coordinated optimaldispatching of emergency power support among provinces afterUHVDC trans-mission system block fault[J]. Proceeding of theCSEE, 2015, 35(11):2695-2702.
[6]李虎成,袁宇波,卞正达,等.面向特高压交直流大受端电网的频率紧急控制特性分析[J].电力工程技术, 2017, 36(2):27-31.LI Hucheng, YUAN Yubo, BIAN Zhengda, et al. The frequencyemergency control characteristic analysis for UHV AC/DC largereceiving end power grid[J]. Electric Power EngineeringTechnology, 207, 36(2):27-31.
[7]胡娟,杨水丽,侯朝勇,等.规模化储能技术典型示范应用的现状分析与启示[J].电网技术, 2015, 39(4):879-885.HU Juan, YANG Shuili, HOU Chaoyong, et al. Present conditionanalysis on typical demonstration application of largescale energystorage technology and its enlightenment[J]. Power SystemTechnology, 2015, 39(4):879-885.
[8]张恒旭,庄侃沁,祝瑞金,等.大受端电网频率稳定性研究[J].华东电力, 2009, 37(10):1644-1649.ZHANG Hengxu, ZHUANG Kaiqin, ZHU Ruijin, et al. Frequencystability assessment for large receiving end power systems[J]. EastChina Electric Power, 2009, 37(10):1644-1649.
[9]徐政.联于弱交流系统的直流输电特性研究之一—直流输电的输送能力[J].电网技术, 1997, 21(1):12-16.XU Zheng. Characteristics of HVDC connected to weak AC systemspart 1:HVDC transmission capability[J]. Power System Technology,1997, 21(1):12-16.
[10]周勤勇,刘玉田,汤涌.受端电网最大直流受入规模分析方法[J].高电压技术, 2015, 41(3):770-777.ZHOU Qinyong, LIU Yutian, TANG Yong. Analysis method for themaximum HVDCs’ capacity to receiving-end power grid[J]. HighVoltage Engineering, 2015, 41(3):770-777.
[11]徐式蕴,吴萍,赵兵,等.提升风火打捆哈郑特高压直流风电消纳能力的安全稳定控制措施研究[J].电工技术学报, 2015, 30(13):92-99.XU Shiyun, WU Ping, ZHAO Bing, et al. Wind power consumingability of the wind-thermal power combining HaZheng UHVDCsystem[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015,30(13):92-99.
[12]许涛,励刚,于钊,等.多直流馈入受端电网频率紧急协调控制系统设计与应用[J].电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(8):98-104.XU Tao, LI Gang, YU Zhao, et al. Design and application ofemergency coordination control system for multiinfeed HVDCreceiving end system coping with frequency stability problem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 2017, 41(8):98-104.
[13]李碧君,李兆伟,吴雪莲,等.多直流馈入受端电网两段式频率安全紧急控制策略研究[J].中国电力, 2017, 50(2):169-174.LI Bijun, LI Zhaowei, WU Xuelian, et al. Study on the two-stagefrequency security emergency control strategy for multi-infeedHVDC receiving systems[J]. Electric Power, 2015, 2017, 50(2):169-174.
[14]贾萌萌,丁剑,张建成,等.弱受端小电网安控切负荷措施与低频减载措施的配合方案[J].电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(1):74-81.JIA Mengmeng, DING Jian, ZHANG Jiancheng, et al. Coordinationbetween load shedding for safety and stability control andUnder-frequency load shedding in a small weak receiving powersystem[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38(1):74-81.
[15] DOE Global Energy Storage Database Projects[EB/OL].2016-10-31[2016].http://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects.
[16]中关村储能产业技术联盟.储能产业研究白皮书2016[EB/OL].2017-2-9.[2016].http://www.cbea.com/u/cms/www/201607/05104116j3gt.pdf.
[17] BEARDSALL J C, GOULD C A, AL-TAI M. Energy storagesystems:A review of the technology and its application in powersystems[C]//Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, 2015.
[18]高飞,杨凯,惠东,等.储能用磷酸铁锂电池循环寿命的能量分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(5):41-45.GAO Fei, YANG Kai, HUI Dong, et al. Cycle-life energy analysis ofLiFePO4 batteries for energy storage[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2013, 33(5):41-45.
[19]杨水丽,李建林,惠东,等.用于跟踪风电场计划出力的电池储能系统容量优化配置[J].电网技术, 2014, 38(6):1485-1491.YANG Shuili, LI Jianlin, HUI Dong, et al. Optimal capacityconfiguration of battery energy storage system to track plannedoutput of wind farm[J]. Power System Technology, 2014, 38(6):1485-1491.
[20]白宏坤,周脉玉,尹硕,等.基于大比例新能源输电的受端电网调峰费用测算及补偿机制[J].中国电力, 2016, 49(8):121-125.BAI Hongkun, ZHOU Maiyu, YIN Shuo, et al. Estimation ofreceiving-end grid power peaking cost and compensationmechanism based on large-proportion renewable energytransmission[J]. Electric Power, 2016, 49(8):121-125.
[21]周少鹏.锂电池:报废高峰来临布局长远未当时[J].股市动态分析周刊, 2018(10):38-39.
[2]王建明,孙华东,张健,等.锦屏-苏南特高压直流投运后电网的稳定特性及协调控制策略[J].电网技术, 2012, 36(12):66-70.WANG Jianming, SUN Huadong, ZHANG Jian, et al. Stabilitycharacteristics and coordinated control strategy of interconnectedgrid integrated with UHVDC transmission line from Jinping toSunan[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(12):66-70.
[3]钟胜,郭相国,田昕,等.哈密至郑州特高压直流对受端电网影响分析[J].中国电力, 2012, 45(11):47-51.ZHONG Sheng, GUO Xiangguo, TIAN Xin, et al. Influences of theUHVDC project from Hami to ZhengZhou on central China powergrid[J]. Electric Power, 2012, 45(11):47-51.
[4]王晶.甘肃新能源消纳现状及分析[J].电力需求侧管理, 2016,18(6):49-51.WANG Jing. Analysis of Gansu new energy accommodation[J].Power DSM, 2016, 18(6):49-51.
[5]王莹,刘兵,刘天斌,等.特高压直流闭锁后省间紧急功率支援的协调优化调度策略[J].中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(11):2695-2702.WANG Ying, LIU Bing, LIU Tianbin, et al. Coordinated optimaldispatching of emergency power support among provinces afterUHVDC trans-mission system block fault[J]. Proceeding of theCSEE, 2015, 35(11):2695-2702.
[6]李虎成,袁宇波,卞正达,等.面向特高压交直流大受端电网的频率紧急控制特性分析[J].电力工程技术, 2017, 36(2):27-31.LI Hucheng, YUAN Yubo, BIAN Zhengda, et al. The frequencyemergency control characteristic analysis for UHV AC/DC largereceiving end power grid[J]. Electric Power EngineeringTechnology, 207, 36(2):27-31.
[7]胡娟,杨水丽,侯朝勇,等.规模化储能技术典型示范应用的现状分析与启示[J].电网技术, 2015, 39(4):879-885.HU Juan, YANG Shuili, HOU Chaoyong, et al. Present conditionanalysis on typical demonstration application of largescale energystorage technology and its enlightenment[J]. Power SystemTechnology, 2015, 39(4):879-885.
[8]张恒旭,庄侃沁,祝瑞金,等.大受端电网频率稳定性研究[J].华东电力, 2009, 37(10):1644-1649.ZHANG Hengxu, ZHUANG Kaiqin, ZHU Ruijin, et al. Frequencystability assessment for large receiving end power systems[J]. EastChina Electric Power, 2009, 37(10):1644-1649.
[9]徐政.联于弱交流系统的直流输电特性研究之一—直流输电的输送能力[J].电网技术, 1997, 21(1):12-16.XU Zheng. Characteristics of HVDC connected to weak AC systemspart 1:HVDC transmission capability[J]. Power System Technology,1997, 21(1):12-16.
[10]周勤勇,刘玉田,汤涌.受端电网最大直流受入规模分析方法[J].高电压技术, 2015, 41(3):770-777.ZHOU Qinyong, LIU Yutian, TANG Yong. Analysis method for themaximum HVDCs’ capacity to receiving-end power grid[J]. HighVoltage Engineering, 2015, 41(3):770-777.
[11]徐式蕴,吴萍,赵兵,等.提升风火打捆哈郑特高压直流风电消纳能力的安全稳定控制措施研究[J].电工技术学报, 2015, 30(13):92-99.XU Shiyun, WU Ping, ZHAO Bing, et al. Wind power consumingability of the wind-thermal power combining HaZheng UHVDCsystem[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015,30(13):92-99.
[12]许涛,励刚,于钊,等.多直流馈入受端电网频率紧急协调控制系统设计与应用[J].电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(8):98-104.XU Tao, LI Gang, YU Zhao, et al. Design and application ofemergency coordination control system for multiinfeed HVDCreceiving end system coping with frequency stability problem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 2017, 41(8):98-104.
[13]李碧君,李兆伟,吴雪莲,等.多直流馈入受端电网两段式频率安全紧急控制策略研究[J].中国电力, 2017, 50(2):169-174.LI Bijun, LI Zhaowei, WU Xuelian, et al. Study on the two-stagefrequency security emergency control strategy for multi-infeedHVDC receiving systems[J]. Electric Power, 2015, 2017, 50(2):169-174.
[14]贾萌萌,丁剑,张建成,等.弱受端小电网安控切负荷措施与低频减载措施的配合方案[J].电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(1):74-81.JIA Mengmeng, DING Jian, ZHANG Jiancheng, et al. Coordinationbetween load shedding for safety and stability control andUnder-frequency load shedding in a small weak receiving powersystem[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38(1):74-81.
[15] DOE Global Energy Storage Database Projects[EB/OL].2016-10-31[2016].http://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects.
[16]中关村储能产业技术联盟.储能产业研究白皮书2016[EB/OL].2017-2-9.[2016].http://www.cbea.com/u/cms/www/201607/05104116j3gt.pdf.
[17] BEARDSALL J C, GOULD C A, AL-TAI M. Energy storagesystems:A review of the technology and its application in powersystems[C]//Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, 2015.
[18]高飞,杨凯,惠东,等.储能用磷酸铁锂电池循环寿命的能量分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(5):41-45.GAO Fei, YANG Kai, HUI Dong, et al. Cycle-life energy analysis ofLiFePO4 batteries for energy storage[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2013, 33(5):41-45.
[19]杨水丽,李建林,惠东,等.用于跟踪风电场计划出力的电池储能系统容量优化配置[J].电网技术, 2014, 38(6):1485-1491.YANG Shuili, LI Jianlin, HUI Dong, et al. Optimal capacityconfiguration of battery energy storage system to track plannedoutput of wind farm[J]. Power System Technology, 2014, 38(6):1485-1491.
[20]白宏坤,周脉玉,尹硕,等.基于大比例新能源输电的受端电网调峰费用测算及补偿机制[J].中国电力, 2016, 49(8):121-125.BAI Hongkun, ZHOU Maiyu, YIN Shuo, et al. Estimation ofreceiving-end grid power peaking cost and compensationmechanism based on large-proportion renewable energytransmission[J]. Electric Power, 2016, 49(8):121-125.
[21]周少鹏.锂电池:报废高峰来临布局长远未当时[J].股市动态分析周刊, 2018(10):38-39.