基于数值模拟的双感应测井裂缝参数定量评价方法
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摘要
为厘清裂缝性地层双感应测井响应特征,建立裂缝参数评价方法,本文建立了含基岩、裂缝、井眼、双感应测井仪器的裂缝性地层双感应测井正演模型,以Gianzero几何因子理论为基础,结合阿特拉斯公司1503双感应测井仪器开展了高阻背景下低阻裂缝测井响应数值模拟.首先计算了1503双感应测井仪器几何因子,然后根据该几何因子求解不同裂缝开度、裂缝充填流体电导率、基岩电导率条件下双感应测井响应特征,分析了裂缝开度、裂缝充填流体电导率、基岩电导率对双感应测井响应的影响,归纳了裂缝性地层双感应测井响应规律.采用深感应视电阻率及深、中感应视电阻率比值作为横纵坐标,结合裂缝充填流体电阻率绘制了一套双感应裂缝开度评价图版.通过对图版数据进行拟合,建立了裂缝开度评价模型.在采用岩心、成像资料对评价模型刻度以减小几何因子理论计算非均质裂缝产生的误差后该模型可用于求取裂缝参数.最后将该方法应用于镇泾油田致密砂岩裂缝性储层进行裂缝参数定量评价,评价结果与成像测井评价结果吻合较好.
The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the dual induction logging response of fractured reservoir and build the fracture parameter evaluation method. Forward model for fractured reservoir with conductive fracture,borehole,logging instrument and surrounding rock has been established,and according to Gianzero geometry theory, numerical simulation of low-resistivity fracture logging response on the background of high-resistivity has been carried out in combination with 1503 dual induction log instrument.Firstly,the instrument geometry factors of 1503 dual induction log are calculated to solve dual induction logging response under different conditions of fracture widths,conductivity and surrounding rock conductivity,response of which on dual induction logging response is analyzed then. The law of dual induction logging response in fractured reservoir is summarized and fractured parameter evaluation charts for dual induction are built according to vertical and horizontal coordinates derived from the ratio of ILD to ILM and ILD. Fracture parameters evaluation models are built according to these charts. Core data and imaging log data is used to calibrate these models to reduce the error of geometry theory.Finally,these fracture evaluation models are used to calculate fracture parameters of fractured tight sand reservoir in Zhen Jing oil field,and the evaluation results show that it is in good agreement with the imaging logging evaluation results.
The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the dual induction logging response of fractured reservoir and build the fracture parameter evaluation method. Forward model for fractured reservoir with conductive fracture,borehole,logging instrument and surrounding rock has been established,and according to Gianzero geometry theory, numerical simulation of low-resistivity fracture logging response on the background of high-resistivity has been carried out in combination with 1503 dual induction log instrument.Firstly,the instrument geometry factors of 1503 dual induction log are calculated to solve dual induction logging response under different conditions of fracture widths,conductivity and surrounding rock conductivity,response of which on dual induction logging response is analyzed then. The law of dual induction logging response in fractured reservoir is summarized and fractured parameter evaluation charts for dual induction are built according to vertical and horizontal coordinates derived from the ratio of ILD to ILM and ILD. Fracture parameters evaluation models are built according to these charts. Core data and imaging log data is used to calibrate these models to reduce the error of geometry theory.Finally,these fracture evaluation models are used to calculate fracture parameters of fractured tight sand reservoir in Zhen Jing oil field,and the evaluation results show that it is in good agreement with the imaging logging evaluation results.
引文
Dai J X,Ni Y Y,Wu X Q.2012.Tight gas in China and its significance in exploration and exploitation[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development(in Chinese),39(3):257-264.
Doll H G.1949.Introduction to induction logging and application to logging of wells drilled with oil base mud[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1(6):148-162.
Elliot M,Everett M,Heidari Z.2014.Modeling the effects of anomalous electromagnetic diffusion on induction logs:The next step in mapping natural fracture corridors[C].//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Amsterdam,The Netherlands:Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Gao J,Ke S Z,Wei B J,et al.2010.Introduction to numerical simulation of electrical logging and its development trend[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),34(1):1-5.
Gao J,Ke S Z,Wei B J,et al.2010.Introduction to numerical simulation of electrical logging and its development trend[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),34(1):1-5.
Gao J,Liu C Q,Wan J B.2012.Effect factors on critical angle of dual laterolog responses in fractured reservoir[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),36(5):456-459.
Georgi D,Schon J H,Rabinovich M.2008.Biaxial anisotropy:Its occurrence and measurement with multicomponent induction tools[C].//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Denver,Colorado,USA:Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Gianzero S,Anderson B I.1981.A new look at skin effect[C].//SPWLA 22nd Annual Logging Symposium.Mexico City,Mexico:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
He Y X.2001.Status and trend of drilling mud materials at home and abroad[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling)(in Chinese),(5):47-49.
Huang L L,Gao C F,Bu Z H,et al.2004.Determining equivalent fracture width with dual laterolog-on an error in sibbit formula[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute(in Chinese),24(4):42-44.
Li S J,Xiao C W,Wang H M,et al.1996.Mathematical model of dual laterolog response to fracture and quantitative interpretation of fracture porosity[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),39(6):845-852.
Li S J,Wang H M,Xiao C W,et al.1997.Quantitative interpretation of fracture porosity in carbonates[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),21(3):205-214,221.
Moran J H.1982.Induction logging-geometrical factors with skin effect[J].The Log Analyst,23(6):4-10.
Nan Z Y,Li J,Jia L H,et al.2014.Simulation and quantitative evaluation of dual-laterolog response of fracture in low-resistivity carbonate reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),29(5):2224-2230,doi:10.6038/pg20140535.
Nan Z Y,Li J,Zhou W N.2016.Study on the effect of fractures on Conventional Induction Log Based on Physical and Numerical Simulation[J].Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica,doi 10.1007/s40328-016-0166-4.
Sibbit A M,Faivre Q.1985.The dual laterolog response in fractured rocks[C].//SPWLA 26th Annual Logging Symposium.Dallas,Texas:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Tian Z L,Sun Y R,Zhou S Z.1984.The Induction Logging Theory and Its Application(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.
Wang J,Chen H,Wang X M,et al.2015.Research on selection method of background field for finite element simulation of induction logging[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(6):2177-2187,doi:10.6038/cjg20150630.
Wang T,Tang X M,Yu L M,et al.2005.Characterizing fractures with multicomponent induction measurements[J].Petrophysics,46(1):42-51.
Wu J,Cheng J H,Chen R.2003.Study on processing of induction logging signal and its application[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute(Natural Science Edition)(in Chinese),18(2):71-75.
Wu J,Pang J F,Xu J S.2001.The induction logging geometrical factor theory and its application[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),25(6):417-422.
Wu P,Barber T,Wang G L,et al.2013.Fracture characterization using triaxial induction tools[C].//SPWLA 54th Annual Logging Symposium.New Orleans,Louisiana:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Zhang Z Y,Yu L M,Berthold K,et al.2004.Determination of relative angles and anisotropic resistivity using multicomponent induction logging data[J].Geophysics,69(4):898-908.
戴金星,倪云燕,吴小奇.2012.中国致密砂岩气及在勘探开发上的重要意义[J].石油勘探与开发,39(3):257-264.
高杰,柯式镇,魏宝君,等.2010.电法测井数值模拟现状及发展趋势分析[J].测井技术,34(1):1-5.
高杰,刘传奇,万金彬.2012.裂缝性储层双侧向测井响应临界角影响因素分析[J].测井技术,36(5):456-459.
何远信.2001.国内外泥浆材料的现状及发展趋势[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),(5):47-49.
黄烈林,高纯福,布志虹,等.2004.双侧向测井确定裂缝等效宽度---兼论Sibbit公式中的一个错误[J].江汉石油学院学报,24(4):42-44.
李善军,肖承文,汪涵明,等.1996.裂缝的双侧向测井响应的数学模型及裂缝孔隙度的定量解释[J].地球物理学报,39(6):845-852.
李善军,汪涵明,肖承文,等.1997.碳酸盐岩地层中裂缝孔隙度的定量解释[J].测井技术,21(3):205-214,221.
南泽宇,李军,贾丽华等.2014.低阻碳酸盐岩储层双侧向裂缝响应模拟及定量评价[J].地球物理学进展,29(5):2224-2230,doi:10.6038/pg20140535.
田子立,孙以睿,周书藻.1984.感应测井理论及其应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
王健,陈浩,王秀明等.2015.有限元感应测井模拟的背景场选择方法研究[J].地球物理学报,58(6):2177-2187,doi:10.6038/cjg20150630.
仵杰,程建华,陈睿.2003.感应测井信号处理及应用研究[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),18(2):71-75.
仵杰,庞巨丰,徐景硕.2001.感应测井几何因子理论及其应用研究[J].测井技术,25(6):417-422.
Doll H G.1949.Introduction to induction logging and application to logging of wells drilled with oil base mud[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1(6):148-162.
Elliot M,Everett M,Heidari Z.2014.Modeling the effects of anomalous electromagnetic diffusion on induction logs:The next step in mapping natural fracture corridors[C].//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Amsterdam,The Netherlands:Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Gao J,Ke S Z,Wei B J,et al.2010.Introduction to numerical simulation of electrical logging and its development trend[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),34(1):1-5.
Gao J,Ke S Z,Wei B J,et al.2010.Introduction to numerical simulation of electrical logging and its development trend[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),34(1):1-5.
Gao J,Liu C Q,Wan J B.2012.Effect factors on critical angle of dual laterolog responses in fractured reservoir[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),36(5):456-459.
Georgi D,Schon J H,Rabinovich M.2008.Biaxial anisotropy:Its occurrence and measurement with multicomponent induction tools[C].//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Denver,Colorado,USA:Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Gianzero S,Anderson B I.1981.A new look at skin effect[C].//SPWLA 22nd Annual Logging Symposium.Mexico City,Mexico:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
He Y X.2001.Status and trend of drilling mud materials at home and abroad[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling)(in Chinese),(5):47-49.
Huang L L,Gao C F,Bu Z H,et al.2004.Determining equivalent fracture width with dual laterolog-on an error in sibbit formula[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute(in Chinese),24(4):42-44.
Li S J,Xiao C W,Wang H M,et al.1996.Mathematical model of dual laterolog response to fracture and quantitative interpretation of fracture porosity[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),39(6):845-852.
Li S J,Wang H M,Xiao C W,et al.1997.Quantitative interpretation of fracture porosity in carbonates[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),21(3):205-214,221.
Moran J H.1982.Induction logging-geometrical factors with skin effect[J].The Log Analyst,23(6):4-10.
Nan Z Y,Li J,Jia L H,et al.2014.Simulation and quantitative evaluation of dual-laterolog response of fracture in low-resistivity carbonate reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),29(5):2224-2230,doi:10.6038/pg20140535.
Nan Z Y,Li J,Zhou W N.2016.Study on the effect of fractures on Conventional Induction Log Based on Physical and Numerical Simulation[J].Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica,doi 10.1007/s40328-016-0166-4.
Sibbit A M,Faivre Q.1985.The dual laterolog response in fractured rocks[C].//SPWLA 26th Annual Logging Symposium.Dallas,Texas:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Tian Z L,Sun Y R,Zhou S Z.1984.The Induction Logging Theory and Its Application(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.
Wang J,Chen H,Wang X M,et al.2015.Research on selection method of background field for finite element simulation of induction logging[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(6):2177-2187,doi:10.6038/cjg20150630.
Wang T,Tang X M,Yu L M,et al.2005.Characterizing fractures with multicomponent induction measurements[J].Petrophysics,46(1):42-51.
Wu J,Cheng J H,Chen R.2003.Study on processing of induction logging signal and its application[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute(Natural Science Edition)(in Chinese),18(2):71-75.
Wu J,Pang J F,Xu J S.2001.The induction logging geometrical factor theory and its application[J].Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),25(6):417-422.
Wu P,Barber T,Wang G L,et al.2013.Fracture characterization using triaxial induction tools[C].//SPWLA 54th Annual Logging Symposium.New Orleans,Louisiana:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Zhang Z Y,Yu L M,Berthold K,et al.2004.Determination of relative angles and anisotropic resistivity using multicomponent induction logging data[J].Geophysics,69(4):898-908.
戴金星,倪云燕,吴小奇.2012.中国致密砂岩气及在勘探开发上的重要意义[J].石油勘探与开发,39(3):257-264.
高杰,柯式镇,魏宝君,等.2010.电法测井数值模拟现状及发展趋势分析[J].测井技术,34(1):1-5.
高杰,刘传奇,万金彬.2012.裂缝性储层双侧向测井响应临界角影响因素分析[J].测井技术,36(5):456-459.
何远信.2001.国内外泥浆材料的现状及发展趋势[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),(5):47-49.
黄烈林,高纯福,布志虹,等.2004.双侧向测井确定裂缝等效宽度---兼论Sibbit公式中的一个错误[J].江汉石油学院学报,24(4):42-44.
李善军,肖承文,汪涵明,等.1996.裂缝的双侧向测井响应的数学模型及裂缝孔隙度的定量解释[J].地球物理学报,39(6):845-852.
李善军,汪涵明,肖承文,等.1997.碳酸盐岩地层中裂缝孔隙度的定量解释[J].测井技术,21(3):205-214,221.
南泽宇,李军,贾丽华等.2014.低阻碳酸盐岩储层双侧向裂缝响应模拟及定量评价[J].地球物理学进展,29(5):2224-2230,doi:10.6038/pg20140535.
田子立,孙以睿,周书藻.1984.感应测井理论及其应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
王健,陈浩,王秀明等.2015.有限元感应测井模拟的背景场选择方法研究[J].地球物理学报,58(6):2177-2187,doi:10.6038/cjg20150630.
仵杰,程建华,陈睿.2003.感应测井信号处理及应用研究[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),18(2):71-75.
仵杰,庞巨丰,徐景硕.2001.感应测井几何因子理论及其应用研究[J].测井技术,25(6):417-422.