呼伦贝尔短尾羊与戈壁羊杂交效果分析
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摘要
为了改善戈壁羊体型小、尾型大的特性,引入呼伦贝尔短尾羊作为父本,采用引入杂交的育种方式,对其开展杂交选育研究。通过对早期生长发育对比分析发现,戈壁羊和F_1代、F_2代羔羊0～3月龄的早期生长发育规律一致,从2月龄以后,杂交F_2代羔羊的生长发育快于F_1代和戈壁羊羔羊;通过计算0～3月龄平均日增重,戈壁羊和F_1代、F_2代羔羊的平均日增重分别为121.189、138.978、170.133 g,说明F_2代羔羊的生长发育速度最快,戈壁羊羔羊最慢;最后通过对比3月龄的体尺和尾型发现,F_2代羔羊的体高、体长、胸围均显著大于戈壁羊羔羊,F_2代3月龄羔羊的尾长和尾宽分别为7.596 0 cm和7.268 1cm,且显著小于戈壁羊羔羊。研究结果说明用呼伦贝尔短尾羊杂交改良戈壁羊,可有效地增大戈壁羊的体型,减小尾型,杂交效果显著。
In order to improve the characteristics of small size and large tail size of Gobi sheep, a crossbreeding experiment was conducted using Hulun Buir short tailed sheep as male parent by introductive crossing breeding method. The comparative analysis of early growth and development showed that although the early growth and development rules of F_1 and F_2 hybrid lambs were consistent with those of Gobi lambs from 0 to 3 months old, and the growth and development of F_2 hybrid lambs were significantly faster than that of F_1 hybrid lambs and Gobi lambs after 2 months old. The average daily gain from 0 to 3 months old of Gobi lambs, F_1 hybrid lambs and F_2 hybrid lambs was 121.189 g,138.978 g and 170.133 g, respectively, which indicated that hybrid F_2 lambs grew fastest and Gobi lambs grew slowest. By comparing the body size and tail shape of 3 months old lambs, it was found that the height, body length and chest circumference of F_2 hybrid lambs were significantly higher than those of Gobi lambs; the tail length and tail width of F_2 hybrid lambs were 7.596 0 cm and 7.268 1 cm, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those of Gobi lambs. The obtained data suggested that the crossbreeding of Hulun Buir short tailed sheep could enlarge the body shape and decrease the tail shape of Gobi sheep effectively.
In order to improve the characteristics of small size and large tail size of Gobi sheep, a crossbreeding experiment was conducted using Hulun Buir short tailed sheep as male parent by introductive crossing breeding method. The comparative analysis of early growth and development showed that although the early growth and development rules of F_1 and F_2 hybrid lambs were consistent with those of Gobi lambs from 0 to 3 months old, and the growth and development of F_2 hybrid lambs were significantly faster than that of F_1 hybrid lambs and Gobi lambs after 2 months old. The average daily gain from 0 to 3 months old of Gobi lambs, F_1 hybrid lambs and F_2 hybrid lambs was 121.189 g,138.978 g and 170.133 g, respectively, which indicated that hybrid F_2 lambs grew fastest and Gobi lambs grew slowest. By comparing the body size and tail shape of 3 months old lambs, it was found that the height, body length and chest circumference of F_2 hybrid lambs were significantly higher than those of Gobi lambs; the tail length and tail width of F_2 hybrid lambs were 7.596 0 cm and 7.268 1 cm, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those of Gobi lambs. The obtained data suggested that the crossbreeding of Hulun Buir short tailed sheep could enlarge the body shape and decrease the tail shape of Gobi sheep effectively.
引文
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[7]乌云毕力克,高志英,艾尔肯江,等.引入德国美利奴羊与巴音布鲁克羊杂交F1代产肉性能的研究[J].当代畜牧,2012(8):40-41.
[2]何小龙,孙素珍,付绍印,等.绵羊短期催情补饲配种技术研究与应用效果分析[C]//2018年全国养羊生产与学术研讨会论文集.蚌埠:中国畜牧兽医学会养羊学分会,2018.
[3]何小龙,王位,王艳欣,等.蒙古羊尾椎数与尾型变异分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(15):102-105,110.
[4]王玉,李剑军,苏培军,等.草原畜牧业的优秀品种——呼伦贝尔短尾羊[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2007,28(6):92-93.
[5]孔海苏.引入无角陶赛特羊杂交改良效果评价[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2014,44(2):15-16.
[6]李昱辉,常伟,梁育林,等.高寒牧区引入南非肉用美利奴羊与甘肃高山细毛羊杂交效果的观察[J].中国草食动物科学,2013,33(4):80-81.
[7]乌云毕力克,高志英,艾尔肯江,等.引入德国美利奴羊与巴音布鲁克羊杂交F1代产肉性能的研究[J].当代畜牧,2012(8):40-41.