一种缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层胶结指数m计算新方法
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摘要
碳酸盐岩储集空间类型多样、孔隙结构复杂,具有很强的非均质性,使得传统的阿尔奇公式应用效果不佳,主要原因之一在于胶结指数m的无法准确确定.基于多孔介质理论,在深入分析不同孔隙空间对储层导电贡献外,进一步考虑了孔隙形态对导电性能的影响,尤其是裂缝倾角,进而给出了全新的计算胶结指数m的方法,并深入剖析组成碳酸盐岩复杂孔隙空间的各部分对胶结指数m的影响.认为对于物性较差的缝洞型储层,裂缝倾角对胶结指数m的影响很大,当裂缝角度较小时,裂缝会使胶结指数m变小,而当裂缝角度较大时,裂缝反而会使胶结指数m变大;当储层物性很好时,裂缝倾角的影响则可以忽略.实际应用表明,利用基于裂缝倾角的多孔介质模型得到的胶结指数m所计算的含水饱和度精度相比传统方法有较大提高,且该方法适用于任何类型的储层,具有很好的应用性.
Carbonate reservoirs have various types and complex pore structures.Due to their strong heterogeneity,the application effect of Archie formula in carbonate reservoirs is not good.One of the main reasons is that the cementation exponent mcannot be accurately determined.To solve this problem,based on porous media theory,this paper considers the contribution of different pore spaces to the conductivity of reservoirs as well as the influence of space forms,especially the crack dip,on the reservoir′s conductivity.Then a new method for calculating the cementation exponent mis established,and the influence of various parts of the complex porespace of carbonate reservoirs on the cementation exponent mis analyzed.Results suggest that the crack dip has a great influence on the cementation exponent mfor the carbonate reservoirs with poor physical property.When this angle is low,the crack can make the cementation exponent smaller,and when the crack dip angle is high,the crack will make the cementation exponent bigger.But when the physical property is good,the influence of the crack dip can be neglected.Actual application shows that the calculation of water saturation by using the porous medium model based on crack dip is more accurate compared with the traditional methods,and this method is applicable to any type of reservoirs.
Carbonate reservoirs have various types and complex pore structures.Due to their strong heterogeneity,the application effect of Archie formula in carbonate reservoirs is not good.One of the main reasons is that the cementation exponent mcannot be accurately determined.To solve this problem,based on porous media theory,this paper considers the contribution of different pore spaces to the conductivity of reservoirs as well as the influence of space forms,especially the crack dip,on the reservoir′s conductivity.Then a new method for calculating the cementation exponent mis established,and the influence of various parts of the complex porespace of carbonate reservoirs on the cementation exponent mis analyzed.Results suggest that the crack dip has a great influence on the cementation exponent mfor the carbonate reservoirs with poor physical property.When this angle is low,the crack can make the cementation exponent smaller,and when the crack dip angle is high,the crack will make the cementation exponent bigger.But when the physical property is good,the influence of the crack dip can be neglected.Actual application shows that the calculation of water saturation by using the porous medium model based on crack dip is more accurate compared with the traditional methods,and this method is applicable to any type of reservoirs.
引文
Aguilera C G,Aguilera R.2009.Effect of fracture dip on petrophysical evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs.Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,48(7):25-29.
Aguilera R.2010.Effect of fracture dip and fracture tortuosity on petrophysical evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs.Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,49(9):69-76.
Aguilera R F,Aguilera R P.2004.A triple porosity model for petrophysical analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs.Petrophysics,45(2):157-166.
Al-Ghamdi A,Chen B,Behmanesh H,et al.2010.An improved triple porosity model for evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs.∥Trinidad and Tobago Energy Resources Conference.Trinidad:SPE.
Archie G E.1942.The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics.Transactions of the AIME,146(1):54-62.
Han S,Pan B Z.2010.Determination methods and influencing factors of the bond index m of the complex reservoir.Petroleum Geophysics(in Chinese),8(1):43-47.
Lai F Q,Sun J M,Wang M.2010.Improve the saturation calculation using porosity model varied with fracture dip in fractured reservoir.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition)(in Chinese),40(3):713-720.
Li N.2013.Introduction to Logging Interpretation of China Marine Carbonate Rocks(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press.
Li S J,Wang H M,Xiao C W,et al.1997.Quantitative interpretation of fracture porosity in carbonates.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),21(3):205-214.
Pan B Z,Zhang L H,Shan G Y,et al.2006.Progress in porosity model for fractured and vuggy reservoirs.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),21(4):1232-1237.
Qi L X,Fan Z J,Li Z J,et al.2010.Tri-porosity logging model of carbonate reservoir in Tahe Oilfield and its application.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),49(5):489-494.
Rasmus J.1983.Variable cementation exponent,M,for fractured carbonates.The Log Analyst,24(6):13-23.
Serra O.1989.Schlumberger Formation MicroScanner Image Interpretation.Houston:Schlumberger Educational Services.
Sima L Q.2005.The Logging Evaluation Method and Application of Carbonate Reservoir.Sichuan:Southwest Petroleum University.
Tian H,Li C,Jia P.2017.Research of water saturation interpretation models for carbonate reservoir.Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),32(1):279-286,doi:10.6038/pg20170139.
Ying H L,Ouyang M,Liu R L,et al.2010.A verfication of the cementation exponent calculated by triple porosity model in volcanic reservoir.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),34(6):559-563.
Zeng W C,Liu X F.2013.Interpretation of non-Archie phenomenon for carbonate reservoir.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),37(4):341-351.
Zhang L H,Pan B Z,Shan G Y.2008.Tri-porosity model and its application in igneous reservoir.Well Logging Technology,32(1):37-40
Zhao L X,Chen M J.2015.A discussion on the relationships between five properties in reservoir evaluation.Natural Gas Industry(in Chinese),35(1):53-60.
Zhao W Z,Shen A J,Hu S Y,et al.2012.Geological conditions and distributional features of large-scale carbonate reservoirs onshore China.Petroleum Exploration and Development(in Chinese),39(1):1-12.
韩双,潘保芝.2010.孔隙储层胶结指数m的确定方法及影响因素.油气地球物理,8(1):43-47.
赖富强,孙建孟,王敏.2010.应用随裂缝倾角变化的孔隙模型改进储层饱和度计算.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),40(3):713-720.
李宁.2013.中国海相碳酸盐岩测井解释概论.北京:科学出版社.
李善军,汪涵明,肖承文等.1997.碳酸盐岩地层中裂缝孔隙度的定量解释.测井技术,21(3):205-214.
潘保芝,张丽华,单刚义等.2006.裂缝和孔洞型储层孔隙模型的理论进展.地球物理学进展,21(4):1232-1237.
漆立新,樊政军,李宗杰等.2010.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层三孔隙度测井模型的建立及其应用.石油物探,49(5):489-494.
田瀚,李昌,贾鹏.2017.碳酸盐岩储层含水饱和度解释模型研究.地球物理学进展,32(1):279-286,doi:10.6038/pg20170139.
应海玲,欧阳敏,刘瑞林等.2010.三孔隙度模型计算胶结指数在火山岩储层中的验证.测井技术,34(6):559-563.
曾文冲,刘学锋.2013.碳酸盐岩非阿尔奇特性的诠释.测井技术,37(4):341-351.
张丽华,潘保芝,单刚义.2008.应用三重孔隙模型评价火成岩储层.测井技术,32(1):37-40.
赵良孝,陈明江.2015.论储层评价中的五性关系.天然气工业,35(1):53-60.
赵文智,沈安江,胡素云等.2012.中国碳酸盐岩储集层大型化发育的地质条件与分布特征.石油勘探与开发,39(1):1-12.
Aguilera R.2010.Effect of fracture dip and fracture tortuosity on petrophysical evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs.Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,49(9):69-76.
Aguilera R F,Aguilera R P.2004.A triple porosity model for petrophysical analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs.Petrophysics,45(2):157-166.
Al-Ghamdi A,Chen B,Behmanesh H,et al.2010.An improved triple porosity model for evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs.∥Trinidad and Tobago Energy Resources Conference.Trinidad:SPE.
Archie G E.1942.The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics.Transactions of the AIME,146(1):54-62.
Han S,Pan B Z.2010.Determination methods and influencing factors of the bond index m of the complex reservoir.Petroleum Geophysics(in Chinese),8(1):43-47.
Lai F Q,Sun J M,Wang M.2010.Improve the saturation calculation using porosity model varied with fracture dip in fractured reservoir.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition)(in Chinese),40(3):713-720.
Li N.2013.Introduction to Logging Interpretation of China Marine Carbonate Rocks(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press.
Li S J,Wang H M,Xiao C W,et al.1997.Quantitative interpretation of fracture porosity in carbonates.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),21(3):205-214.
Pan B Z,Zhang L H,Shan G Y,et al.2006.Progress in porosity model for fractured and vuggy reservoirs.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),21(4):1232-1237.
Qi L X,Fan Z J,Li Z J,et al.2010.Tri-porosity logging model of carbonate reservoir in Tahe Oilfield and its application.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),49(5):489-494.
Rasmus J.1983.Variable cementation exponent,M,for fractured carbonates.The Log Analyst,24(6):13-23.
Serra O.1989.Schlumberger Formation MicroScanner Image Interpretation.Houston:Schlumberger Educational Services.
Sima L Q.2005.The Logging Evaluation Method and Application of Carbonate Reservoir.Sichuan:Southwest Petroleum University.
Tian H,Li C,Jia P.2017.Research of water saturation interpretation models for carbonate reservoir.Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),32(1):279-286,doi:10.6038/pg20170139.
Ying H L,Ouyang M,Liu R L,et al.2010.A verfication of the cementation exponent calculated by triple porosity model in volcanic reservoir.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),34(6):559-563.
Zeng W C,Liu X F.2013.Interpretation of non-Archie phenomenon for carbonate reservoir.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),37(4):341-351.
Zhang L H,Pan B Z,Shan G Y.2008.Tri-porosity model and its application in igneous reservoir.Well Logging Technology,32(1):37-40
Zhao L X,Chen M J.2015.A discussion on the relationships between five properties in reservoir evaluation.Natural Gas Industry(in Chinese),35(1):53-60.
Zhao W Z,Shen A J,Hu S Y,et al.2012.Geological conditions and distributional features of large-scale carbonate reservoirs onshore China.Petroleum Exploration and Development(in Chinese),39(1):1-12.
韩双,潘保芝.2010.孔隙储层胶结指数m的确定方法及影响因素.油气地球物理,8(1):43-47.
赖富强,孙建孟,王敏.2010.应用随裂缝倾角变化的孔隙模型改进储层饱和度计算.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),40(3):713-720.
李宁.2013.中国海相碳酸盐岩测井解释概论.北京:科学出版社.
李善军,汪涵明,肖承文等.1997.碳酸盐岩地层中裂缝孔隙度的定量解释.测井技术,21(3):205-214.
潘保芝,张丽华,单刚义等.2006.裂缝和孔洞型储层孔隙模型的理论进展.地球物理学进展,21(4):1232-1237.
漆立新,樊政军,李宗杰等.2010.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层三孔隙度测井模型的建立及其应用.石油物探,49(5):489-494.
田瀚,李昌,贾鹏.2017.碳酸盐岩储层含水饱和度解释模型研究.地球物理学进展,32(1):279-286,doi:10.6038/pg20170139.
应海玲,欧阳敏,刘瑞林等.2010.三孔隙度模型计算胶结指数在火山岩储层中的验证.测井技术,34(6):559-563.
曾文冲,刘学锋.2013.碳酸盐岩非阿尔奇特性的诠释.测井技术,37(4):341-351.
张丽华,潘保芝,单刚义.2008.应用三重孔隙模型评价火成岩储层.测井技术,32(1):37-40.
赵良孝,陈明江.2015.论储层评价中的五性关系.天然气工业,35(1):53-60.
赵文智,沈安江,胡素云等.2012.中国碳酸盐岩储集层大型化发育的地质条件与分布特征.石油勘探与开发,39(1):1-12.