典型不良地质体地质雷达探测正演试验研究
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摘要
地质雷达(GPR)作为一种常规探测方法已经被广泛应用在隧道超前地质预报中。由于隧道空间狭小,受洞内施工器具及探测结果多解性的影响,准确预报隧道不良地质体具有的一定的复杂性和难度。基于此,文章利用二维时域有限差分法正演模拟隧道典型不良地质体地质雷达剖面记录,分析了隧道空间不良地质体雷达剖面特征,获取了实测雷达资料解译的理论依据。通过在安江高速公路3座岩溶隧道施工中进行大量地质雷达探测现场试验,并结合施工现场掌子面地质素描资料,成功预报了含水溶洞、空腔溶洞、溶蚀破碎带等不良地质体。该研究提高了地质雷达法在隧道空间内探测不良地质体的精度,为隧道工程施工提供了安全保证。
At present,GPR has been widely used in tunnel geological forecasts as a conventional detection method.However,due to restricted spaces,the effects of construction equipment in tunnels and multiple solutions for detecting results,GPR does not easily obtain accurate predictions of adverse geologic bodies.A forward simulation of GPR profile records of adverse geological bodies was conducted by the two-dimensional time domain finite difference method,the GPR profile features of adverse geological bodies were analyzed,and a theoretical basis for the interpretation of measured GPR data was obtained.Many geological radar field tests for the three karst tunnels on the Anjiang expressway were carried out,and successful predictions of the adverse geological bodies of a karst cave containing water,a hollow karst cavity and a corrosive fracture zone were achieved based on the geological sketch documents of the work face at the construction site.The accuracy of GPR for detecting adverse geological bodies during tunneling is improved by the above mentioned method,which provides a safety guarantee for tunnel engineering.
At present,GPR has been widely used in tunnel geological forecasts as a conventional detection method.However,due to restricted spaces,the effects of construction equipment in tunnels and multiple solutions for detecting results,GPR does not easily obtain accurate predictions of adverse geologic bodies.A forward simulation of GPR profile records of adverse geological bodies was conducted by the two-dimensional time domain finite difference method,the GPR profile features of adverse geological bodies were analyzed,and a theoretical basis for the interpretation of measured GPR data was obtained.Many geological radar field tests for the three karst tunnels on the Anjiang expressway were carried out,and successful predictions of the adverse geological bodies of a karst cave containing water,a hollow karst cavity and a corrosive fracture zone were achieved based on the geological sketch documents of the work face at the construction site.The accuracy of GPR for detecting adverse geological bodies during tunneling is improved by the above mentioned method,which provides a safety guarantee for tunnel engineering.
引文
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[10]王兆磊,周辉,李国发.用地质雷达数据资料反演二维地下介质的方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):897-904.WANG Zhaolei,ZHOU Hui,LI Guofa.Inversion of Ground-penetrating Radar Data for 2D Electric Parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(3):897-904.
[11]韩浩东,丁建芳,郭如军.隧道底部不良地质体的地质雷达探测数值模拟及应用[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(1):159-163.HAN Haodong,DING Jianfang,GUO Rujun.Numerical Simulation of Geological Radar Detection for Unfavorable Geologic Bodies at the Tunnel Floor[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(1):159-163.
[12]YEE K S.Numerical Solution of Initial Boundary Value Problems Involving Maxwell′s Equations in Isotropic Media[J].IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagate,1966,14:302-307.
[2]赵云威,朱自强,鲁光银,等.地质雷达在玄武岩地区溶洞勘察中的应用[J].公路工程,2012,37(3):204-208.ZHAO Yunwei,ZHU Ziqiang,LU Guangyin,et al.Application of GPR to Detect Basalt Caves in Basalt Areas[J].Highway Engineering,2012,37(3):204-208.
[3]胡少伟,陆俊,王国群.地质雷达在探测地下富含水区域中的应用[J].水利水运工程学报,2012,(6):33-37.HU Shaowei,LU Jun,WANG Guoqun.Application Analysis of Detecting Water-rich Areas with Ground-penetrating Radar[J].Hydro-science and Engineering,2012,(6):33-37.
[4]王振宇,程围峰,刘越,等.基于掌子面编录和地质雷达的综合超前预报技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(S2):3549-3557.WANG Zhenyu,CHENG Weifeng,LIU Yue,et al.Synthetic Advanced Forecast Technique Based on Geological Logging for Tunnel Face and Ground Penetrating Radar[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(S2):3549-3557.
[5]吴宝杰,田钢.基于Matlab的Pulse EKKOPRO型地质雷达数据读取与显示[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):381-385.WU Baojie,TIAN Gang.Read and Display of Pulse EKKO PRO Ground Penetrating Radar Data Based on Matlab[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2006,3(5):381-385.
[6]张家松,朱自强,鲁光银,等.偏移成像与希尔伯特变换在地质雷达探测隧道裂隙流水通道中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(6):2722-2728.ZHANG Jiasong,ZHU Ziqiang,LU Guangyin,et al.Application of Migration and Hilbert Transform on Exploration of Karst Fractured Ground Water Channel in the Tunnel with GPR[J].Progress in Geophys,2012,27(6):2722-2728.
[7]张英德,刘江平,刘良琼.Hilbert变换在地质雷达数据处理中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(4):349-352.ZHANG Yingde,LIU Jiangping,LIU Liangqiong.Application of Hilbert Transform in the Georadar Data Processing[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2004,1(4):349-352.
[8]刘东坤,巨能攀,霍宇翔.地质雷达在不同介质填充下的频谱差异分析[J].现代隧道技术,2013,50(5):23-28.LIU Dongkun,JU Nengpan,HUO Yuxiang.Analysis of the Spectrum Difference of Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR)for Difference Media Fillings[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2013,50(5):23-28.
[9]刘伟,周斌,甘伏平,等.隧道超前预报中不同性质充填溶洞地质雷达正演实验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(1):153-159.LIU Wei,ZHOU Bin,GAN Fuping,et al.GPR Forward Simulation of Filled Karst Caves in Advance Geological Prediction for Tunnels[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(1):153-159.
[10]王兆磊,周辉,李国发.用地质雷达数据资料反演二维地下介质的方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):897-904.WANG Zhaolei,ZHOU Hui,LI Guofa.Inversion of Ground-penetrating Radar Data for 2D Electric Parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(3):897-904.
[11]韩浩东,丁建芳,郭如军.隧道底部不良地质体的地质雷达探测数值模拟及应用[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(1):159-163.HAN Haodong,DING Jianfang,GUO Rujun.Numerical Simulation of Geological Radar Detection for Unfavorable Geologic Bodies at the Tunnel Floor[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(1):159-163.
[12]YEE K S.Numerical Solution of Initial Boundary Value Problems Involving Maxwell′s Equations in Isotropic Media[J].IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagate,1966,14:302-307.