青少年网络社交媒体使用对主观幸福感的影响:自尊联结自我同一性的序列中介路径
|
摘要
为探讨网络社交媒体使用对青少年主观幸福感的影响及其作用机制,采用网络社交媒体使用问卷、自我同一性状态量表、Rosenberg自尊量表和主观幸福感问卷对2 390名青少年进行调查。研究发现:1)网络社交媒体使用与青少年不同自我同一性具有不同的预测作用,正向预测成就型、延缓型、弥散型状态,负向预测早闭型状态;2)网络社交媒体使用对青少年自尊有直接显著的负向影响;3)网络社交媒体使用对青少年主观幸福感具有直接正向预测效果;4)在网络社交媒体使用下,自尊联结不同类型的同一性状态形成序列中介,对青少年主观幸福感作用效果不同,自尊和成就型状态的序列中介对主观幸福感具有正向预测效果,自尊和延缓型、早闭型、弥散型状态的序列中介对主观幸福感具有负向预测效果。
To explore the influence of adolescents' use of online social media on subjective well-being and its mechanism,the research surveys 2 390 teenagers using online social media questionnaires,self-identity status scales,Rosenberg self-esteem scale and questionnaires of subjective well-being. The findings show that, first, the use of online social media has different predictive effects on different self-identities of adolescents, with the positive effect predicting success, retardation and diffusion, while the negative predicting early closure; second, it exerts direct and significantly negative impact on adolescent self-esteem; third, it has direct and positively predictive effect on adolescent subjective well-being; and fourth, in using online social media, the serial meditating of self-esteem linking different types of identity has different effects on adolescent subjective well-being. Self-esteem linking success serial mediating has a positively predictive effect on subjective well-being, while self-esteem linking retardation, early-closure and diffuse serial mediating has a negatively predictive one.
To explore the influence of adolescents' use of online social media on subjective well-being and its mechanism,the research surveys 2 390 teenagers using online social media questionnaires,self-identity status scales,Rosenberg self-esteem scale and questionnaires of subjective well-being. The findings show that, first, the use of online social media has different predictive effects on different self-identities of adolescents, with the positive effect predicting success, retardation and diffusion, while the negative predicting early closure; second, it exerts direct and significantly negative impact on adolescent self-esteem; third, it has direct and positively predictive effect on adolescent subjective well-being; and fourth, in using online social media, the serial meditating of self-esteem linking different types of identity has different effects on adolescent subjective well-being. Self-esteem linking success serial mediating has a positively predictive effect on subjective well-being, while self-esteem linking retardation, early-closure and diffuse serial mediating has a negatively predictive one.
引文
[1] Coursaris C K, Osch W V. A Scientometric Analysis of Social Media Research(2004-2011)[M]. New York:SpringerVerlag, 2014.
[2] Beer D. The Pop-Pickers Have Picked Decentralised Media:The Fall of Top of the Pops and the Rise of the Second Media Age[J]. Sociological Research Online, 2006(3):1-8.
[3] Raskin R. Facebook Faces Its Future[J]. Young Consumers Insight&Ideas for Responsible Marketers, 2006(2):56-58.
[4] Oblinger D, Hawkins B L. The Myth About Putting Information Online[J]. Educause Rewiew, 2016(5):14-15.
[5]中国互联网络信息中心.第41次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R]. 2018.
[6]周宗奎,连帅磊,田媛,等.社交网站使用与青少年生活满意度的关系:一个有调节的中介模型[J].心理发展与教育,2017(3):297-305.
[7] Valkenburg P M, Peter J, Schouten A P. Friend Networking Sites and Their Relationship to Adolescents'Well-Being and Social Self-Esteem[J]. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 2006(5):584-590.
[8]牛更枫,孙晓军,周宗奎,等.基于QQ空间的社交网站使用对青少年抑郁的影响:上行社会比较和自尊的序列中介作用[J].心理学报,2016(10):1282-1291.
[9] Israelashvili M, Kim T, Bukobza G. Adolescents'Over-Use of the Cyber World-Internet Addiction or Identity Exploration?[J]. Journal of Adolescence, 2012(2):417-424.
[10] Valkenburg P M, Peter J. Online Communication Among Adolescents:An Integrated Model of Its Attraction, Opportunities, and Risks[J]. Journal of Adolescent Health Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2011(2):121-127.
[11]牛更枫,孙晓军,周宗奎,等.青少年社交网站使用对自我概念清晰性的影响:社会比较的中介作用[J].心理科学,2016(1):97-102.
[12] Brooks S. Does Personal Social Media Usage Affect Efficiency and Well-Being?[J]. Computers in Human Behavior, 2015,46:26-37.
[13] Erikson E H. Childhood and Society[M]. New York:W.W. Norton, 1950.
[14] Erikson E H. Identity:Youth and Crisis[M]. New York:W.W. Norton, 1968.
[15]王洪伟.大学生自我同一性、社会支持与主观幸福感的关系研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学图书馆,2012.
[16]冯聪,管雷.大学生网络成瘾者自我同一性缺失研究[J].经济与社会发展,2005(7):197-199.
[17]吴国来,钟琼瑶,陈韩清.父亲忽视与青少年自我同一性的关系:情绪调节的中介效应[J].心理与行为研究,2014(3):333-338.
[18]王树青,陈会昌,石猛.青少年自我同一性状态的发展及其与父母教养权威性、同一性风格的关系[J].心理发展与教育,2008(2):65-72.
[19] Marcia J E. Development and Validation of Ego-Identity Status[J]. Journal of Personality&Social Psychology, 1966(5):551-558.
[20]李娜,胡泳.社交媒体的中国道路:现状、特色与未来[J].新闻爱好者,2014(12):5-11.
[21]黄少华,武玉鹏.网络行为研究现状:一个文献综述[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2007(2); 32-40.
[22] Subrahmanyam K, Smahel D. Constructing Identity Online:Identity Exploration and Self-Presentation[M]. New York:Springer, 2011.
[23] Walther J B, Liang Y J, Deandrea D C, et al. The Effect of Feedback on Identity Shift in Computer-Mediated Communication[J]. Media Psychology, 2011(1):1-26.
[24]中国互联网络信息中心.2015年中国青少年上网行为研究报告[R]. 2016.
[25] Mruk C J. Self-Esteem:Research, Theory, and Practice[M]. New York:Springer, 1995.
[26] Valkenburg P M, Soeters K E. Children's Positive and Negative Experiences with the Internet:An Exploratory Survey[J].Communication Research, 2001(5):652-675.
[27] Durkin K. Developmental Social Psychology:From Infancy to Old Age[D]. Oxford:Englang Blakwell, 1995.
[28] Schmidt J A, Padilla B. Self-Esteem and Family Challenge:An Investigation of Their Effects on Achievement[J]. Journal of Youth&Adolescence, 2003(1):37-46.
[29]黄少华,刘赛.青少年网络游戏行为的结构[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2013(5):55-62.
[30]孙秀丽,黄少华.青少年网络游戏行为的情感维度[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2014(4):65-70.
[31]黄少华,杨岚,梁梅明.网络游戏中的角色扮演与人际互动——以《魔兽世界》为例[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2015(2):93-103.
[32] Klinger E. Development of Imaginative Behavior:Implications of Play for a Theory of Fantasy[J]. Psychological Bulletin,1969(4):277-298.
[33] Shaffer D R, Kipp K. Developmental Psychology:Childhood and adolescence[M]. Bevely, MA:Wadsworth Publishing,2013.
[34]刘庆奇,牛更枫,范翠英,等.被动性社交网站使用与自尊和自我概念清晰性:有调节的中介模型[J].心理学报,2017(1):60-71.
[35]李靖,赵郁金.上网爱好程度、人际信任与自尊的关系研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2002(3):200-201.
[36] Toma C L, Hancock J T. Self-Affirmation Underlies Facebook Use[J]. Personality&Social Psychology Bulletin, 2013(3):321-331.
[37] Yang C. It Makes Me Feel Good:A Longitudinal, Mixed-Methods Study on College Freshmen's Facebook Self-Presentation and Self Development[D]. Madison:The University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2014.
[38] Kim J,Lee J E. The Facebook Paths to Happiness:Effects of the Number of Facebook Friends and Self-Presentation on Subjective Well-Being[J]. Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking, 2011(6):359-364.
[39] Barker V. Older Adolescents'Motivations for Social Network Site Use:the Influence of Gender, Group Identity, and Col-lective Self-Esteem[J]. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 2009(2):209-213.
[40] Bonetti L, Campbell M A, Gilmore L. The Relationship of Loneliness and Social Anxiety with Children's and Adolescents'Online Communication[J]. Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking, 2010(3):279-285.
[41] Ward C C, Tracey T J G. Relation of Shyness with Aspects of Online Relationship Involvement[J]. Journal of Social&Personal Relationships, 2004(5):611-623.
[42] Wolak J, Mitchell K J, Finkelhor D. Escaping or Connecting? Characteristics of Youth Who Form Close Online Relationships[J]. Journal of Adolesc, 2003(1):105-119.
[43] Kalpidou M, Costin D, Morris J. The Relationship Between Facebook and the Well-Being of Undergraduate College Students[J]. Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking, 2011(4):183-9.
[44] Neira C J B, Barber B L. Social Networking Site Use:Linked to Adolescents'Social Self-Concept, Self-Esteem, and Depressed Mood[J]. Australian Journal of Psychology, 2014(1):56-64.
[45] Diener E, Emmons R A, Larsen R J, et al. The Satisfaction With Life Scale[J]. J Pers Assess, 1985(1):71-75.
[46]袁亚兵.大学生自我同一性、核心自我评价与主观幸福感的关系研究[J].社会心理科学,2010(11-12):46-50.
[47] Kraut R, Patterson M, Lundmark V, et al. Internet Paradox:A Social Technology That Reduces Social Involvement and Psychological Well-Being?[J]. American Psychologist, 1998(9):1017-1031.
[48] Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, et al. Internet Paradox Revisited[J]. Journal of Social Issues, 2002(1):49-74.
[49]Weiser E B. The Functions of Internet Use and Their Social and Psychological Consequences[J]. Cyberpsychol Behav,2001(6):723-743.
[50]郭羽,伊藤直哉.基于使用与满足理论的微信使用行为与效果研究[J].新闻界,2016(8):54-57.
[51] Fredluthans, Youssef C, Anolio B. Psychological capital[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 2007.
[52] Qu R, Shao X, Ni X. Psychological Variables in Researches between Social Network and Social Capital[C]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education, 2015.
[53] Meeus W, Iedema J, Helsen M, et al. Patterns of Adolescent Identity Development:Review of Literature and Longitudinal Analysis[J]. Developmental Review, 1999(4):419-461.
[54]李爽,陈晓.青少年劳教人员和中学生自我同一性与自尊、社会适应能力的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2013(7):1021-1024.
[55] Diener E, Gohm C L, Suh E, et al. Similarity of the Relations Between Marital Status and Subjective Well-Being Across Cultures[J]. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2000(4):419-436.
[56] Rosenberg M. Self Esteem and the Adolescent(Economics and the Social Sciences:Society and the Adolescent Self-Image)[J]. New England Quarterly, 1965(2):177-196.
[57]严标宾,郑雪.大学生社会支持、自尊和主观幸福感的关系研究[J].心理发展与教育,2006(3):60-64.
[58]孙名之.埃里克森的自我同一性述评[J].湖南师范大学社会科学学报,1984(4):88-93.
[59]倪晓莉,陈思路.大学生网络依赖行为研究及模型评估[J].西安交通大学学报:社会科学版,2008(5):87-91.
[60] Liu X, Kaplan H B, Risser W. Decomposing the Reciprocal Relationships Between Academic Achievement and General Self-Exteem[J]. Youth&Society, 1991(2):123-148.
[61] Bennion L D, Adams G R. A Revision of the Extended Version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status:An Identity Instrument for Use with Late Adolescents[J]. Journal of Adolescent Research, 1986(2):183-197.
[62]王树青,张文新,纪林芹,等.青少年自我同一性状态问卷的修订[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2006(3):221-223.
[63]邱皓政.结构方程模式的检定力分析与样本数决定[J]. Aβγ量化研究学刊,2008(1):139-173.
[64]沈冯娟,黄少华.青少年网络沉溺群体的行为特征及其社会控制[J].甘肃社会科学,2006(6):59-61.
[65] Ni X L,Yan H,Chen S L, et al. Factors Influencing Internet Addiction in a Ample of Freshmen University Students in China[J]. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 2009(3):327-330.
[66]沈冯娟,黄少华.青少年网络成瘾影响因素分析[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2011(5):52-59.
[67] Shi X, Wang J, Zou H. Family Functioning and Internet Addiction Among Chinese Adolescents:The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Loneliness[J]. Computers in Human Behavior, 2017, 76:201-210.
[68]郭金山,车文博.自我同一性与相关概念的辨析[J].心理科学,2004(5):1266-1267.
[69] Lento T. Social Network Activity and Social Well-Being[C]. Proceedings of the Sigchi Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2010.
[70]牛更枫,鲍娜,周宗奎,等.社交网站中的自我呈现对生活满意度的影响:积极情绪和社会支持的作用[J].心理发展与教育,2015(5):563-570.
[71] Mei S, Yau Y H C, Chai J, et al. Problematic Internet Use, Well-Being, Self-Esteem and Self-Control:Data from a High-School Survey in China[J]. Addictive Behaviors, 2016,61:74-79.
[2] Beer D. The Pop-Pickers Have Picked Decentralised Media:The Fall of Top of the Pops and the Rise of the Second Media Age[J]. Sociological Research Online, 2006(3):1-8.
[3] Raskin R. Facebook Faces Its Future[J]. Young Consumers Insight&Ideas for Responsible Marketers, 2006(2):56-58.
[4] Oblinger D, Hawkins B L. The Myth About Putting Information Online[J]. Educause Rewiew, 2016(5):14-15.
[5]中国互联网络信息中心.第41次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R]. 2018.
[6]周宗奎,连帅磊,田媛,等.社交网站使用与青少年生活满意度的关系:一个有调节的中介模型[J].心理发展与教育,2017(3):297-305.
[7] Valkenburg P M, Peter J, Schouten A P. Friend Networking Sites and Their Relationship to Adolescents'Well-Being and Social Self-Esteem[J]. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 2006(5):584-590.
[8]牛更枫,孙晓军,周宗奎,等.基于QQ空间的社交网站使用对青少年抑郁的影响:上行社会比较和自尊的序列中介作用[J].心理学报,2016(10):1282-1291.
[9] Israelashvili M, Kim T, Bukobza G. Adolescents'Over-Use of the Cyber World-Internet Addiction or Identity Exploration?[J]. Journal of Adolescence, 2012(2):417-424.
[10] Valkenburg P M, Peter J. Online Communication Among Adolescents:An Integrated Model of Its Attraction, Opportunities, and Risks[J]. Journal of Adolescent Health Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2011(2):121-127.
[11]牛更枫,孙晓军,周宗奎,等.青少年社交网站使用对自我概念清晰性的影响:社会比较的中介作用[J].心理科学,2016(1):97-102.
[12] Brooks S. Does Personal Social Media Usage Affect Efficiency and Well-Being?[J]. Computers in Human Behavior, 2015,46:26-37.
[13] Erikson E H. Childhood and Society[M]. New York:W.W. Norton, 1950.
[14] Erikson E H. Identity:Youth and Crisis[M]. New York:W.W. Norton, 1968.
[15]王洪伟.大学生自我同一性、社会支持与主观幸福感的关系研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学图书馆,2012.
[16]冯聪,管雷.大学生网络成瘾者自我同一性缺失研究[J].经济与社会发展,2005(7):197-199.
[17]吴国来,钟琼瑶,陈韩清.父亲忽视与青少年自我同一性的关系:情绪调节的中介效应[J].心理与行为研究,2014(3):333-338.
[18]王树青,陈会昌,石猛.青少年自我同一性状态的发展及其与父母教养权威性、同一性风格的关系[J].心理发展与教育,2008(2):65-72.
[19] Marcia J E. Development and Validation of Ego-Identity Status[J]. Journal of Personality&Social Psychology, 1966(5):551-558.
[20]李娜,胡泳.社交媒体的中国道路:现状、特色与未来[J].新闻爱好者,2014(12):5-11.
[21]黄少华,武玉鹏.网络行为研究现状:一个文献综述[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2007(2); 32-40.
[22] Subrahmanyam K, Smahel D. Constructing Identity Online:Identity Exploration and Self-Presentation[M]. New York:Springer, 2011.
[23] Walther J B, Liang Y J, Deandrea D C, et al. The Effect of Feedback on Identity Shift in Computer-Mediated Communication[J]. Media Psychology, 2011(1):1-26.
[24]中国互联网络信息中心.2015年中国青少年上网行为研究报告[R]. 2016.
[25] Mruk C J. Self-Esteem:Research, Theory, and Practice[M]. New York:Springer, 1995.
[26] Valkenburg P M, Soeters K E. Children's Positive and Negative Experiences with the Internet:An Exploratory Survey[J].Communication Research, 2001(5):652-675.
[27] Durkin K. Developmental Social Psychology:From Infancy to Old Age[D]. Oxford:Englang Blakwell, 1995.
[28] Schmidt J A, Padilla B. Self-Esteem and Family Challenge:An Investigation of Their Effects on Achievement[J]. Journal of Youth&Adolescence, 2003(1):37-46.
[29]黄少华,刘赛.青少年网络游戏行为的结构[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2013(5):55-62.
[30]孙秀丽,黄少华.青少年网络游戏行为的情感维度[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2014(4):65-70.
[31]黄少华,杨岚,梁梅明.网络游戏中的角色扮演与人际互动——以《魔兽世界》为例[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2015(2):93-103.
[32] Klinger E. Development of Imaginative Behavior:Implications of Play for a Theory of Fantasy[J]. Psychological Bulletin,1969(4):277-298.
[33] Shaffer D R, Kipp K. Developmental Psychology:Childhood and adolescence[M]. Bevely, MA:Wadsworth Publishing,2013.
[34]刘庆奇,牛更枫,范翠英,等.被动性社交网站使用与自尊和自我概念清晰性:有调节的中介模型[J].心理学报,2017(1):60-71.
[35]李靖,赵郁金.上网爱好程度、人际信任与自尊的关系研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2002(3):200-201.
[36] Toma C L, Hancock J T. Self-Affirmation Underlies Facebook Use[J]. Personality&Social Psychology Bulletin, 2013(3):321-331.
[37] Yang C. It Makes Me Feel Good:A Longitudinal, Mixed-Methods Study on College Freshmen's Facebook Self-Presentation and Self Development[D]. Madison:The University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2014.
[38] Kim J,Lee J E. The Facebook Paths to Happiness:Effects of the Number of Facebook Friends and Self-Presentation on Subjective Well-Being[J]. Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking, 2011(6):359-364.
[39] Barker V. Older Adolescents'Motivations for Social Network Site Use:the Influence of Gender, Group Identity, and Col-lective Self-Esteem[J]. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 2009(2):209-213.
[40] Bonetti L, Campbell M A, Gilmore L. The Relationship of Loneliness and Social Anxiety with Children's and Adolescents'Online Communication[J]. Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking, 2010(3):279-285.
[41] Ward C C, Tracey T J G. Relation of Shyness with Aspects of Online Relationship Involvement[J]. Journal of Social&Personal Relationships, 2004(5):611-623.
[42] Wolak J, Mitchell K J, Finkelhor D. Escaping or Connecting? Characteristics of Youth Who Form Close Online Relationships[J]. Journal of Adolesc, 2003(1):105-119.
[43] Kalpidou M, Costin D, Morris J. The Relationship Between Facebook and the Well-Being of Undergraduate College Students[J]. Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking, 2011(4):183-9.
[44] Neira C J B, Barber B L. Social Networking Site Use:Linked to Adolescents'Social Self-Concept, Self-Esteem, and Depressed Mood[J]. Australian Journal of Psychology, 2014(1):56-64.
[45] Diener E, Emmons R A, Larsen R J, et al. The Satisfaction With Life Scale[J]. J Pers Assess, 1985(1):71-75.
[46]袁亚兵.大学生自我同一性、核心自我评价与主观幸福感的关系研究[J].社会心理科学,2010(11-12):46-50.
[47] Kraut R, Patterson M, Lundmark V, et al. Internet Paradox:A Social Technology That Reduces Social Involvement and Psychological Well-Being?[J]. American Psychologist, 1998(9):1017-1031.
[48] Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, et al. Internet Paradox Revisited[J]. Journal of Social Issues, 2002(1):49-74.
[49]Weiser E B. The Functions of Internet Use and Their Social and Psychological Consequences[J]. Cyberpsychol Behav,2001(6):723-743.
[50]郭羽,伊藤直哉.基于使用与满足理论的微信使用行为与效果研究[J].新闻界,2016(8):54-57.
[51] Fredluthans, Youssef C, Anolio B. Psychological capital[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 2007.
[52] Qu R, Shao X, Ni X. Psychological Variables in Researches between Social Network and Social Capital[C]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education, 2015.
[53] Meeus W, Iedema J, Helsen M, et al. Patterns of Adolescent Identity Development:Review of Literature and Longitudinal Analysis[J]. Developmental Review, 1999(4):419-461.
[54]李爽,陈晓.青少年劳教人员和中学生自我同一性与自尊、社会适应能力的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2013(7):1021-1024.
[55] Diener E, Gohm C L, Suh E, et al. Similarity of the Relations Between Marital Status and Subjective Well-Being Across Cultures[J]. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2000(4):419-436.
[56] Rosenberg M. Self Esteem and the Adolescent(Economics and the Social Sciences:Society and the Adolescent Self-Image)[J]. New England Quarterly, 1965(2):177-196.
[57]严标宾,郑雪.大学生社会支持、自尊和主观幸福感的关系研究[J].心理发展与教育,2006(3):60-64.
[58]孙名之.埃里克森的自我同一性述评[J].湖南师范大学社会科学学报,1984(4):88-93.
[59]倪晓莉,陈思路.大学生网络依赖行为研究及模型评估[J].西安交通大学学报:社会科学版,2008(5):87-91.
[60] Liu X, Kaplan H B, Risser W. Decomposing the Reciprocal Relationships Between Academic Achievement and General Self-Exteem[J]. Youth&Society, 1991(2):123-148.
[61] Bennion L D, Adams G R. A Revision of the Extended Version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status:An Identity Instrument for Use with Late Adolescents[J]. Journal of Adolescent Research, 1986(2):183-197.
[62]王树青,张文新,纪林芹,等.青少年自我同一性状态问卷的修订[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2006(3):221-223.
[63]邱皓政.结构方程模式的检定力分析与样本数决定[J]. Aβγ量化研究学刊,2008(1):139-173.
[64]沈冯娟,黄少华.青少年网络沉溺群体的行为特征及其社会控制[J].甘肃社会科学,2006(6):59-61.
[65] Ni X L,Yan H,Chen S L, et al. Factors Influencing Internet Addiction in a Ample of Freshmen University Students in China[J]. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 2009(3):327-330.
[66]沈冯娟,黄少华.青少年网络成瘾影响因素分析[J].兰州大学学报:社会科学版,2011(5):52-59.
[67] Shi X, Wang J, Zou H. Family Functioning and Internet Addiction Among Chinese Adolescents:The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Loneliness[J]. Computers in Human Behavior, 2017, 76:201-210.
[68]郭金山,车文博.自我同一性与相关概念的辨析[J].心理科学,2004(5):1266-1267.
[69] Lento T. Social Network Activity and Social Well-Being[C]. Proceedings of the Sigchi Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2010.
[70]牛更枫,鲍娜,周宗奎,等.社交网站中的自我呈现对生活满意度的影响:积极情绪和社会支持的作用[J].心理发展与教育,2015(5):563-570.
[71] Mei S, Yau Y H C, Chai J, et al. Problematic Internet Use, Well-Being, Self-Esteem and Self-Control:Data from a High-School Survey in China[J]. Addictive Behaviors, 2016,61:74-79.