5083铝合金摆动激光电弧复合焊工艺研究
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摘要
为了减少铝合金激光焊接内部气孔,提升焊缝质量,采用摆动的光纤激光对6mm-5083铝合金锁底对接接头进行摆动激光-MIG复合焊接。研究了摆动激光束的频率、振幅对焊缝内部气孔数量和熔深的影响,并采用正交试验研究了激光功率、焊接速度、焊接电流、摆动频率对焊缝内部质量的影响,获取了最优参数,进而分析了最优参数下焊缝的微观组织及力学性能。试验结果表明,激光束摆动频率及振幅的提升均有助于消除气孔缺欠,各因素对气孔率的影响大小依次为光束摆动频率、焊接电流、焊接速度、激光功率,当采用功率6400W、焊接电流136A、焊接速度28mm/s、摆动频率240Hz、摆动振幅1 5mm的参数焊接6mm-5083铝合金时,焊缝内部无明显气孔,接头平均硬度为70.4HV,焊缝强度278MPa,达到母材91.9%。
In order to reduce the internal porosity and improve the quality of aluminum alloy weld seam, the wobbling fiber laser is performed on the 8 mm 5083 aluminum alloy locked bottom butt joint in laser-MIG hybrid welding.The influence of the weaving frequency and amplitude of the laser beam on the porosity and the penetration was studied.Orthogonal experiments were carried out to investigate the primary and secondary relations between the influence of laser power, welding speed, welding current and weaving frequency on the formation of weld porosity. The optimal parameters were obtained and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld joint under the optimal parameters were analyzed. The result shows that the laser beam swing frequency and amplitude are helpful to eliminate stomatal imperfections. The effect of the factors on the porosity is following by the laser weaving frequency, welding current, welding speed, laser power. To weld6 mm 5083 aluminum alloy by using the parameters, power 6800 W, welding current 136 A, welding speed 28 mm/s, weaving frequency 240 Hz, wobble amplitude 1.5 mm, we can get joint with no obvious pores, which average hardness is 70.4 HV, and the tensile strength of welded joints can reach 278 MPa, reaching 91.9% of the base metal.
In order to reduce the internal porosity and improve the quality of aluminum alloy weld seam, the wobbling fiber laser is performed on the 8 mm 5083 aluminum alloy locked bottom butt joint in laser-MIG hybrid welding.The influence of the weaving frequency and amplitude of the laser beam on the porosity and the penetration was studied.Orthogonal experiments were carried out to investigate the primary and secondary relations between the influence of laser power, welding speed, welding current and weaving frequency on the formation of weld porosity. The optimal parameters were obtained and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld joint under the optimal parameters were analyzed. The result shows that the laser beam swing frequency and amplitude are helpful to eliminate stomatal imperfections. The effect of the factors on the porosity is following by the laser weaving frequency, welding current, welding speed, laser power. To weld6 mm 5083 aluminum alloy by using the parameters, power 6800 W, welding current 136 A, welding speed 28 mm/s, weaving frequency 240 Hz, wobble amplitude 1.5 mm, we can get joint with no obvious pores, which average hardness is 70.4 HV, and the tensile strength of welded joints can reach 278 MPa, reaching 91.9% of the base metal.
引文
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[8] ONO M, SHINBO Y, YOSHITAKE A, et al. Development of laser-arc hybrid welding[J]. NKK Technical Review, 2002, 86:8-12.
[9] CAMPANA G, ASCARI A, FORTUNATO A, et al. Hybrid laser-MIG welding of aluminum alloys:the influence of shielding gases[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2009, 255(10):5588-5590.
[10] CHOI K D, AHN Y N. KIM C. Weld strength improvement for Al alloy by using laser weaving method[J]. Journal of Laser Applications, 2010, 22(3):116-119.
[11] KIM C, KANG M, KANG N. Solidification crack and morphology for laser weave welding of A15J32 alloy[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2013, 18(1):57-62.
[12]包刚,彭云,陈武柱,等.超细晶粒钢光束摆动激光焊接的研究[J].应用激光,2002, 22(2):203-207.BAO Gang, PENG Yun, CHEN Wuzhu, et al. Study on laser welding of ultrafine grained steel with weaving beam[J]. Applied Laser,2002, 22(2):203-207.
[13]哈尔滨工业大学.利用激光-GMA电弧复合装置实现摆动焊接的方法:200910311165.X[P]. 2010-06-02.Harbin Institute of Technology. The method of swing welding using laser-GMAarc compound device:200910311165.:[P]. 2010-06-02.
[14]赵琳,张旭东,陈武柱,等.光束摆动法减小激光焊接气孔倾向[J].焊接学报,2004. 25(1):29-33.ZHAO Lin, ZHANG Xudong, CHEN Wuzhu, et al. Repression of porosity with beam weaving laser welding[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2004, 25(1):29-33.
[15]余世文,周昆,叶兵,等.6.0mm厚5183铝合金激光摆动焊接工艺研究[J].激光技术,2018, 42(2):254-258.YU Shiwen, ZHOU Kun, YE Bing, et al. Laser-weaving welding of5183 aluminum alloy plate with 6.0mm thickness[J]. Laser Technology,2018, 42(2):254-258.
[2]陈彦宾.现代激光焊接技术[M]阅北京:科学出版社,2005.CHEN Yanbin. Modern laser welding technology[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2005.
[3]李亚江,李嘉宁奎教光焊接/切割/熔覆技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2012.LI Yajiang, LI Jianing. Laser welding/cutting/cladding technology[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press. 2012.
[4] ZHOU C Z, YANG X Q, LUAN G H. Effect of kissing bond on fatigue behavior of friction stir welds on A1 5083 alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2006, 41(10):2771-2777.
[5]王治宇.敦光-MIG电弧复合焊接基础研究及应用[D].武汉:华申科技大学,2006.WANG Zhiyu. Fundamental research on laser-MRG hybrid welding and its application[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Universit3y of Science and Technology, 2006.
[6]黎硕,王军,王春明.铝合金激光MIG复合焊接气孔缺陷研究[J].应用激光,2013, 33(6):595-599.LI Shuo, WANG Jun, WANG Chunming. Study of porosity defects of aluminum alloy in laser-MIG hybrid welding[J]. Applied Laser, 2013,33(6):595-599.
[7]严军.光纤激光-电弧复合焊接高强铝合金工艺-缺陷产生于质量控制[D].武汉二华中科技大学,2011.YAN Jun. Study on technology, defects and joint quality by fiber laser-arc hybrid welding high strength aluminum alloys[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2011.
[8] ONO M, SHINBO Y, YOSHITAKE A, et al. Development of laser-arc hybrid welding[J]. NKK Technical Review, 2002, 86:8-12.
[9] CAMPANA G, ASCARI A, FORTUNATO A, et al. Hybrid laser-MIG welding of aluminum alloys:the influence of shielding gases[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2009, 255(10):5588-5590.
[10] CHOI K D, AHN Y N. KIM C. Weld strength improvement for Al alloy by using laser weaving method[J]. Journal of Laser Applications, 2010, 22(3):116-119.
[11] KIM C, KANG M, KANG N. Solidification crack and morphology for laser weave welding of A15J32 alloy[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2013, 18(1):57-62.
[12]包刚,彭云,陈武柱,等.超细晶粒钢光束摆动激光焊接的研究[J].应用激光,2002, 22(2):203-207.BAO Gang, PENG Yun, CHEN Wuzhu, et al. Study on laser welding of ultrafine grained steel with weaving beam[J]. Applied Laser,2002, 22(2):203-207.
[13]哈尔滨工业大学.利用激光-GMA电弧复合装置实现摆动焊接的方法:200910311165.X[P]. 2010-06-02.Harbin Institute of Technology. The method of swing welding using laser-GMAarc compound device:200910311165.:[P]. 2010-06-02.
[14]赵琳,张旭东,陈武柱,等.光束摆动法减小激光焊接气孔倾向[J].焊接学报,2004. 25(1):29-33.ZHAO Lin, ZHANG Xudong, CHEN Wuzhu, et al. Repression of porosity with beam weaving laser welding[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2004, 25(1):29-33.
[15]余世文,周昆,叶兵,等.6.0mm厚5183铝合金激光摆动焊接工艺研究[J].激光技术,2018, 42(2):254-258.YU Shiwen, ZHOU Kun, YE Bing, et al. Laser-weaving welding of5183 aluminum alloy plate with 6.0mm thickness[J]. Laser Technology,2018, 42(2):254-258.