歧口和泌阳凹陷两种类型湖相碳酸盐岩沉积特点
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摘要
湖相碳酸盐岩在我国古代和现代各种类型的陆相盆地中非常发育,查明不同类型湖湘碳酸盐岩的沉积模式差异对指导薄层碳酸盐岩油气储层勘探开发具有重要意义,为油气储层分布规律提供依据。根据岩心、测井、地球化学、古生物等资料对歧口和泌阳凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩沉积特征差异和主要控制因素进行了对比分析,研究结果发现:歧口凹陷和泌阳凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩在岩石类型、沉积位置、沉积规模、沉积相类型和沉积旋回特征都存在明显差异,歧口凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩沉积面积大于2 000 km~2,分布在凹陷西南缓坡区,具有分布面积广、厚度薄、岩石和沉积相类型多样、沉积旋回变化周期长等特点,泌阳凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩主要分布在凹陷中心部位,具有分布面积小、厚度大、沉积相类型单一、旋回变化周期短的特点。古地貌、水体开放程度和气候条件是歧口和泌阳凹陷沉积模式差异的主要控制因素。盐度、水温、生物群类型以及湖平面变化频率间接受到了古地貌、水体开放程度和气候条件的控制,也是沉积模式差异的因素。
Based on core logging and spore and pollen analyses,comparison between the depositional models of the Qikou and Biyang sags was made and the major controlling factors were determined. The results show that the two sags contain clear differences in rock types,locations,scales and facies. The sedimentary area of lacustrine facies is over 2000 km~2,which is distributed in the southwestern gentle slope area. It is featured by its large distribution area,small thickness,diverse rock and sedimentary facies and long deposition cycle. Carbonate rocks in the Biyang sag are mainly distributed in the central part of the depression,and are featured by small distribution area,large thickness,single sedimentary facies and short deposition cycle. The ancient landforms,openness of water body and climate conditions are likely the major causes for these differences. Factors such as salinity,temperature,biological groups and lacustrine levels also contributed substantially to these differences.
Based on core logging and spore and pollen analyses,comparison between the depositional models of the Qikou and Biyang sags was made and the major controlling factors were determined. The results show that the two sags contain clear differences in rock types,locations,scales and facies. The sedimentary area of lacustrine facies is over 2000 km~2,which is distributed in the southwestern gentle slope area. It is featured by its large distribution area,small thickness,diverse rock and sedimentary facies and long deposition cycle. Carbonate rocks in the Biyang sag are mainly distributed in the central part of the depression,and are featured by small distribution area,large thickness,single sedimentary facies and short deposition cycle. The ancient landforms,openness of water body and climate conditions are likely the major causes for these differences. Factors such as salinity,temperature,biological groups and lacustrine levels also contributed substantially to these differences.
引文
[1]闫伟鹏,杨涛,李欣,等.中国陆上湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征及勘探潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(4):11-17.
[2]夏青松,田景春,倪新峰.湖相碳酸盐岩研究现状及意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2003,23(1):105-112.
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[10]蒲秀刚,周立宏,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷西南缘湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):136-142.
[11]周立宏,卢异,肖敦清,等.渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷盆地结构构造及演化[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):373-382.
[12]王俊明,董树政,薛秀凤.大港滩海地区石油地质特征及勘探潜力[J].现代地质,2008,22(4):606-612
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[14]邵宏舜,黄杏珍,闫存凤,等.泌阳凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩未成熟石油的形成条件[J].地球化学,2002,31(3):266-272.
[15]王敏,陈祥,严永新,等.南襄盆地泌阳凹陷陆相页岩油地质特征与评价[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):663-671.
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[18]冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法:定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19.
[19]杨有星,金振奎,白武厚,等.黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩沉积相模式及演化特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(5):1330-1340.
[20]李吉君,史颖琳,章新文,等,页岩油富集可采主控因素分析:以泌阳凹陷为例[J].地球科学,2014,39(7):848-857.
[21]胡受权.泌阳断陷双河-赵凹地区古近系核三组上段沉积微相研究[J].岩相古地理,1997,17(6):45-54.
[22]黄杏珍,闫存凤,王随继,等.苏打湖型的湖相碳酸盐岩特征及沉积模式[J].沉积学报,1999,17(增刊):728-733.
[23]陈世悦,王玲,李聪,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组一段下亚段湖盆咸化成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):40-46.
[24]李聪.歧口凹陷沙一下段湖相白云岩形成机理及储层特征[D].东营:中国石油大学,2011:80-90.
[25]袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民,等.渤海湾盆地古近系海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612.
[26]钟筱春,钟石兰,费轩东,等.渤海湾盆地沙河街组一段颗石藻类化石及其沉积环境[J].微体古生物学报,1988,5(2):145-151.
[27]闫存凤,邵宏舜,黄杏珍.泌阳凹陷核桃园组湖相碳酸盐岩系孢粉相及烃源岩评价[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):115-118.
[28]王随继,黄杏珍,妥进才,等.泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义[J].沉积学报,1997,15(1):65-70.
[29]鲜本忠,姜在兴,高凤珍.河南泌阳凹陷古近系核桃园组核二段沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(2):31-37.
[30]胡受权,郭文平,邵荣松.南襄盆地泌阳断陷第三纪湖泊演化探讨[J].石油学报,2001,22(5):23-28.
[31]黄杏珍,邵宏舜,闫存凤,等.泌阳凹陷下第三系湖相白云岩形成条件[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):207-213.
[2]夏青松,田景春,倪新峰.湖相碳酸盐岩研究现状及意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2003,23(1):105-112.
[3]初广震,张矿明,柳佳期.湖相碳酸盐岩油气资源分析与勘探前景[J].资源与产业,2010,12(2):99-102.
[4] BOHACS K M,CARROLL A R,MANKIEWICZ P J. Lake-basin type,source potential,and hydrocarbon character:an integrated sequence-stratigraphic-geochemiacal framework[J]. AAPG,2000,83:143-162.
[5] SUN S Q. Dolomite reservoirs porosity evolution and reservoir characteristics[J]. AAPG,1995,79(2):186-204.
[6] LEACH D L,PLUMLEE G S,HOFSTRA A H et a1. Origin of late dolomite cement by CO2-saturated deep basin brines:evidence from the Ozark region,Central United States[J]. Geology,1991,19:348-351.
[7] WARREN J. Dolomite:occurrence,evolution and economically important associations[J]. Earth-Science Review,2000,52:1-81.
[8] NEVOLIN N V,FEDOROV D L. Palaeozoic pre-salt sediments in the precaspian petroliferous province[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology,1995,18(4):453-470.
[9] AMTHOR J E,MOUNTJOY E W,MACHEL H G. Subsurface dolomites in Upper Devonian Leduc Formation buildups,central part of Rimbey-Meadowbrook reef trend,Alberta,Canada[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,1993,41(2):164-185.
[10]蒲秀刚,周立宏,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷西南缘湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):136-142.
[11]周立宏,卢异,肖敦清,等.渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷盆地结构构造及演化[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):373-382.
[12]王俊明,董树政,薛秀凤.大港滩海地区石油地质特征及勘探潜力[J].现代地质,2008,22(4):606-612
[13]伏卫东,陈祥,孙凤华.泌阳凹陷湖相白云岩油气储集性能及勘探潜力[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):8-10.
[14]邵宏舜,黄杏珍,闫存凤,等.泌阳凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩未成熟石油的形成条件[J].地球化学,2002,31(3):266-272.
[15]王敏,陈祥,严永新,等.南襄盆地泌阳凹陷陆相页岩油地质特征与评价[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):663-671.
[16]刘启亮,罗顺社.泌阳凹陷南部陡坡带核桃园组沉积体系研究[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(3):60-64.
[17]周锋德.泌阳凹陷裂缝性白云岩油气储层特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2003:67-78.
[18]冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法:定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19.
[19]杨有星,金振奎,白武厚,等.黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩沉积相模式及演化特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(5):1330-1340.
[20]李吉君,史颖琳,章新文,等,页岩油富集可采主控因素分析:以泌阳凹陷为例[J].地球科学,2014,39(7):848-857.
[21]胡受权.泌阳断陷双河-赵凹地区古近系核三组上段沉积微相研究[J].岩相古地理,1997,17(6):45-54.
[22]黄杏珍,闫存凤,王随继,等.苏打湖型的湖相碳酸盐岩特征及沉积模式[J].沉积学报,1999,17(增刊):728-733.
[23]陈世悦,王玲,李聪,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组一段下亚段湖盆咸化成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):40-46.
[24]李聪.歧口凹陷沙一下段湖相白云岩形成机理及储层特征[D].东营:中国石油大学,2011:80-90.
[25]袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民,等.渤海湾盆地古近系海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612.
[26]钟筱春,钟石兰,费轩东,等.渤海湾盆地沙河街组一段颗石藻类化石及其沉积环境[J].微体古生物学报,1988,5(2):145-151.
[27]闫存凤,邵宏舜,黄杏珍.泌阳凹陷核桃园组湖相碳酸盐岩系孢粉相及烃源岩评价[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):115-118.
[28]王随继,黄杏珍,妥进才,等.泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义[J].沉积学报,1997,15(1):65-70.
[29]鲜本忠,姜在兴,高凤珍.河南泌阳凹陷古近系核桃园组核二段沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(2):31-37.
[30]胡受权,郭文平,邵荣松.南襄盆地泌阳断陷第三纪湖泊演化探讨[J].石油学报,2001,22(5):23-28.
[31]黄杏珍,邵宏舜,闫存凤,等.泌阳凹陷下第三系湖相白云岩形成条件[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):207-213.