中国大型科技成果转化模式研究——来自煤制低碳烯烃技术的案例
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摘要
科技成果转化是实现科技成果商品化和产业化经济价值的根本途径,是提升国家经济实力和国际竞争力的重要手段。以煤制烯烃技术为案例,构建大型科技成果转化模式。结果发现:DMTO成果转化是由政府推动,以资本为纽带,通过大量风险投资,以中试和工业性试验改进技术和积累实践经验,采用创新技术服务模式从事科技项目转化的模式。大型科技成果转化模式的结构设计包括4个主体:政府运用政策引导使企业将资金投入到科技成果转化中去;研发机构的主要任务是研发成果原型,并为中试平台建设提供技术支撑和改进成果;企业主要在政府引导下对科技成果转化和中试平台建设进行风险投资,以资金为纽带带动科技成果转化;中试平台主要基于成果原型进行技术优化、技术服务和市场推广。DMTO科技成果转化模式能够充分发挥各方优势力量,为中国大型科技成果高效转化提供了新的模式和范式。
The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the fundamental way to realize the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and the economic value of industrialization. It is an important means to enhance national economic strength and international competitiveness. In this paper, DMTO as a case, to construct the transformation model of large-scale scientific and technological achievements. It is found that the transformation of DMTO technological achievements is driven by the government, capital as the link, through a large number of venture capital, pilot technology and industrial test to improve technology and accumulated practical experience, the use of innovative technology service model in science and technology project transformation model. The structure design of the transformation pattern of large-scale scientific and technological achievements includes four main bodies: the role of the government is to use the policy to guide the enterprises to invest the funds into the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The main task of R&D institutions is to develop prototype and provide technical support for the construction of the pilot platform and improve the results. Enterprises under the guidance of the government in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the construction of the pilot platform for venture capital to capital as a link to promote transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The pilot-scale platform is mainly based on the prototype of results for technology optimization, technical service and marketing promotion. DMTO scientific and technological achievements into the model can give full play to the strengths of the parties, it provide a new model of paradigm large-scale transformation of large-scale scientific and technological achievements to China.
The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the fundamental way to realize the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and the economic value of industrialization. It is an important means to enhance national economic strength and international competitiveness. In this paper, DMTO as a case, to construct the transformation model of large-scale scientific and technological achievements. It is found that the transformation of DMTO technological achievements is driven by the government, capital as the link, through a large number of venture capital, pilot technology and industrial test to improve technology and accumulated practical experience, the use of innovative technology service model in science and technology project transformation model. The structure design of the transformation pattern of large-scale scientific and technological achievements includes four main bodies: the role of the government is to use the policy to guide the enterprises to invest the funds into the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The main task of R&D institutions is to develop prototype and provide technical support for the construction of the pilot platform and improve the results. Enterprises under the guidance of the government in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the construction of the pilot platform for venture capital to capital as a link to promote transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The pilot-scale platform is mainly based on the prototype of results for technology optimization, technical service and marketing promotion. DMTO scientific and technological achievements into the model can give full play to the strengths of the parties, it provide a new model of paradigm large-scale transformation of large-scale scientific and technological achievements to China.
引文
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[12] 彭于彪. 科技成果转化不同发展阶段的融资路径研究[J]. 金融经济,2014(18):37-39.
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[15] BSTIELER L. The moderating effect of environmental uncertainty on new product development and time efficiency[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2005(22):267-284.
[16] ROBERT K YIN. Case study research: design and methods(3Rded) [M]. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage,2003.
[17] EISENHARDT K M. Better stories and better constructs: the case for rigor and comparative logic[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1991, 16(3): 620-627.
[18] 叶康涛. 案例研究:从个案分析到理论创建——中国第一届管理案例学术研讨会综述[J]. 管理世界,2006(2):139-143.
[19] 张胜,郭英远,张岭,等. 发明人主导职务成果转化机制的实证研究——以甲醇制取低碳烯烃成果转化为例[J]. 科研管理,2016(4):110-117.
[2] 朱宁宁,王溦溦.我国科技成果转化典型模式及影响因素研究[J].科技与管理,2011(6):34-37.
[3] 胡振亚. 论科技成果转化的实施主体、转化模式和激励机制[J]. 求索,2012(12):173-175.
[4] 杨栩,于渤.中国科技成果转化模式的选择研究[J].学习与探索,2012(8):106-108.
[5] 吴皓. 高新技术企业成果转化的影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学, 2007.
[6] 鲍林,黄朗喜.科技成果转化的中试环节建设[J].研究与发展管理,2002(4):30-34.
[7] 张慧颖,史紫薇. 科技成果转化影响因素的模糊认知研究——基于创新扩散视角[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理,2013(5):28-35.
[8] 董洁,黄付杰. 中国科技成果转化效率及其影响因素研究——基于随机前沿函数的实证分析[J]. 软科学,2012(10):15-20.
[9] 贾玉平,任慧. 中国战略性新兴产业中试模式选择研究[J]. 科技进步与对策,2015(4):30-35.
[10] 李飞,陈浩,曹鸿星,马宝龙. 中国百货商店如何进行服务创新——基于北京当代商城的案例研究[J]. 管理世界,2010(2):114-126+187-188.
[11] 邓立治,罗洪路. 科技成果转化过程的知识创新研究[J]. 技术经济与管理研究,2008(3):19-21.
[12] 彭于彪. 科技成果转化不同发展阶段的融资路径研究[J]. 金融经济,2014(18):37-39.
[13] RICHARD R NELSON. The simple economics of basic scientific research[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 1959, 67(3):297-306.
[14] ROBERT K YIN. Case study research: design and methods(3Rded) [M]. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage,2003.
[15] BSTIELER L. The moderating effect of environmental uncertainty on new product development and time efficiency[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2005(22):267-284.
[16] ROBERT K YIN. Case study research: design and methods(3Rded) [M]. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage,2003.
[17] EISENHARDT K M. Better stories and better constructs: the case for rigor and comparative logic[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1991, 16(3): 620-627.
[18] 叶康涛. 案例研究:从个案分析到理论创建——中国第一届管理案例学术研讨会综述[J]. 管理世界,2006(2):139-143.
[19] 张胜,郭英远,张岭,等. 发明人主导职务成果转化机制的实证研究——以甲醇制取低碳烯烃成果转化为例[J]. 科研管理,2016(4):110-117.