304不锈钢MIG、激光和激光-MIG复合焊接工艺对比研究
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摘要
采用MIG焊、激光焊、激光-MIG复合焊分别在5 mm厚304不锈钢板上进行堆焊,对比分析三种焊接方式下焊接接头的宏观形貌和显微组织。试验结果表明,激光-MIG复合焊接中激光与电弧两热源叠加并产生复合作用,焊缝兼有MIG焊和激光焊的形貌特征,其中MIG电弧主要作用在复合焊熔池的上部,具有MIG焊焊缝大熔宽、浅熔深特征,激光热源主要作用于复合焊熔池的下部,具有激光焊焊缝大深宽比特征。因为热源的复合作用,激光-MIG复合焊接拥有比单MIG焊接和激光焊接更好的桥接能力、成形能力和组织性能。
The surfacing welding on 5 mm thick 304 stainless steel was carried out by MIG welding, laser welding and laser-MIG hybrid welding respectively. The macromorphology and microstructure of the welded joints under the three welding methods were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the laser-MIG hybrid weld seam has both the morphology characteristics of MIG welding and laser welding because of the superposition and compound effect of the two heat sources of laser and arc. The MIG arc mainly acts on the upper part of the hybrid welding pool, so that the upper part of the hybrid weld seam has the characteristics of large melting width and shallow penetration of the MIG weld seam, and the laser heat source mainly acts on the lower part of the hybrid welding pool, so that the lower part of the hybrid weld seam has the characteristic of large depth-to-width ratio of the laser weld seam. Because of the compound effect of heat sources,laser-MIG hybrid welding has better bridging ability, forming ability, microstructure and properties than that of single MIG welding and laser welding.
The surfacing welding on 5 mm thick 304 stainless steel was carried out by MIG welding, laser welding and laser-MIG hybrid welding respectively. The macromorphology and microstructure of the welded joints under the three welding methods were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the laser-MIG hybrid weld seam has both the morphology characteristics of MIG welding and laser welding because of the superposition and compound effect of the two heat sources of laser and arc. The MIG arc mainly acts on the upper part of the hybrid welding pool, so that the upper part of the hybrid weld seam has the characteristics of large melting width and shallow penetration of the MIG weld seam, and the laser heat source mainly acts on the lower part of the hybrid welding pool, so that the lower part of the hybrid weld seam has the characteristic of large depth-to-width ratio of the laser weld seam. Because of the compound effect of heat sources,laser-MIG hybrid welding has better bridging ability, forming ability, microstructure and properties than that of single MIG welding and laser welding.
引文
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[11]郭亮,王方,张庆茂,等.激光-MIG复合焊接304不锈钢工艺研究[J].激光技术,2013,37(6):781-785.
[12]赵耀邦,成群林,徐爱杰,等.激光-电弧复合焊接技术的研究进展及应用现状[J].航天制造技术,2014(4):11-14.
[13]王同举.6009铝合金激光-MIG复合焊焊接工艺及接头组织性能研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015.
[2]高玉魁.冲击强化对304奥氏体不锈钢拉伸性能的影响[J].材料工程,2014(8):36-40.
[3] Mirshekari G R, Tavakoli E, Atapour M, et al. Microstructure and corrosion behavior of multipass gas tungsten arc welded 304L stainless steel[J]. Materials&Design, 2014, 55(6):905-911.
[4]杨晓倩,李亚江,王娟.304奥氏体不锈钢焊接性及焊接方法研究进展[J].现代焊接,2015(12):9-13.
[5] Balachandar K, Manideep D. Welding parameters-metallurgical properties correlation of friction welding of austenitic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2012,12(10):1013-1019.
[6]黄秀娟,韩微,王刚.奥氏体不锈钢焊接特性及工艺要点[J].现代焊接,2012(3):40-41.
[7] Kumar S, Shahi A S. Effect of heat input on the microstructure and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 stainless steel joints[J]. Materials&Design, 2011, 32(6):3617-3623.
[8] Kujanpa咬a咬V. Thick-section laser and hybrid welding of austenitic stainless steels[J]. Physics Procedia, 2014, 56:630-636.
[9] Cross C E, Coniglio N, Westin E M, et al. Laser weldability of stainless steel[M]//Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds III. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011:131-144.
[10] B o咬llinghaus T, Gumenyuk A, Quiroz V. Short term metallurgy and hot cracking during laser beam welding of austenitic stainless steels[M]//Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds III. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 2011:103-129.
[11]郭亮,王方,张庆茂,等.激光-MIG复合焊接304不锈钢工艺研究[J].激光技术,2013,37(6):781-785.
[12]赵耀邦,成群林,徐爱杰,等.激光-电弧复合焊接技术的研究进展及应用现状[J].航天制造技术,2014(4):11-14.
[13]王同举.6009铝合金激光-MIG复合焊焊接工艺及接头组织性能研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015.