高性能混凝土氯离子渗透性细观数值模拟
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摘要
为了避免试验方法中多种不确定因素对氯离子在高性能混凝土中渗透的影响,从细观角度出发,基于蒙特卡洛法产生随机数的原理,采用Matlab编程语言和有限元软件,建立二维随机骨料有限元模型。通过计算值与试验数据相比较,对该有限元模型的可行性进行了验证。采用数值模拟的方法,考虑骨料、矿物掺料、相对湿度及温度等影响因素,对氯离子在高性能混凝土中的传输机理进行了分析。研究结果表明:骨料形状对氯离子扩散的影响较小,可忽略不计;单掺粉煤灰、复掺粉煤灰和矿粉均可以增强抗氯离子的渗透性能,且复掺粉煤灰和矿粉优于单掺粉煤灰;相对湿度和温度的升高使抗氯离子的渗透性能减弱。
In order to avoid the effect of various uncertain factors on chloride ion penetration in the process of the experiment,the two-dimensional circular random aggregate model was established by Matlab program and finite element software from the microscopic point of view,which was based on the principle of random number generated by Monte Carlo method.The feasibility of the model was verified by comparing with the experimental data.Effects of the aggregate,mineral admixture,relative humidity,temperature and other factors on chloride ion transmission were numerically simulated and analyzed.It is found from the simulation results that the aggregate shape has minimal impact on chloride diffusion and can be negligible.The chloride ion permeability resistance is enhanced when the single fly ash or double mixture fly ash and mineral powder are added.Meanwhile,the effect of the double mixture with fly ash and mineral powder is more apparent than that of single fly ash.The chloride ion permeability resistance is weakened with an increase of relative humidity or temperature.
In order to avoid the effect of various uncertain factors on chloride ion penetration in the process of the experiment,the two-dimensional circular random aggregate model was established by Matlab program and finite element software from the microscopic point of view,which was based on the principle of random number generated by Monte Carlo method.The feasibility of the model was verified by comparing with the experimental data.Effects of the aggregate,mineral admixture,relative humidity,temperature and other factors on chloride ion transmission were numerically simulated and analyzed.It is found from the simulation results that the aggregate shape has minimal impact on chloride diffusion and can be negligible.The chloride ion permeability resistance is enhanced when the single fly ash or double mixture fly ash and mineral powder are added.Meanwhile,the effect of the double mixture with fly ash and mineral powder is more apparent than that of single fly ash.The chloride ion permeability resistance is weakened with an increase of relative humidity or temperature.
引文
[1]伍君勇.混凝土细观结构的自动生成[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.(WU Jun-yong.Automatic generation of meso-structure of the concrete[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006.(in Chinese))
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[4]张昊创.混凝土中多物理场耦合氯离子传输模型的数值模拟研究[D].深圳:深圳大学,2015.(ZHANG Hao-chuang.Numerical simulation of multiphysics coupling chloride transport model in concretes[D].Shenzhen:Shenzhen University,2015.(in Chinese))
[5]李冉,杨绿峰,陈正.混凝土中氯离子扩散的二维有限元法数值模拟[J].混凝土,2008(1):36-39.(LI Ran,YANG Lv-feng,CHEN Zheng.Two-dimensional finite element simulation for chloride diffusion in the concrete[J].Concrete,2008(1):36-39.(in Chinese))
[6]Bentz D P,Garboczi E J,Lu Y,et al.Modeling of the influence of transverse cracking on chloride penetration into the concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2013,38:65-74.
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[11]滕海文,舒正昌,黄颖,等.多因素作用下钢筋混凝土构件氯离子扩散系数模型[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011,2(1):12-16.(TENG Hai-wen,SHU Zheng-chang,HUANG Ying,et al.Chloride ion diffusion coefficient model of RC elements under multiple factors[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural&Environmental Engineering,2011,2(1):12-16.(in Chinese))
[12]Mangat P S,Molloy B T.Prediction of long term chloride concentration in the concrete[J].Materials and Structures,1994,27(6):338-346.
[13]中国土木工程学会.CCES 01-2004,混凝土结构耐久性设计与施工指南[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.(China Civil Engineering Society.CCES 01-2004,Durability of concrete structures-guidelines for the establishment of juices and construction[M].Beijing:Ministry of Construction of Peoples Republic of China,2004.(in Chinese))
[14]Thomas M,Bentz E.Life 365:Computer program for predicting the service life and life-cyclc cost of reinforced concrete exposed to chloride[R].USA:ACI Committee 365,2000.
[15]彭建新,王华,张建仁,等.氯盐侵蚀下钢筋混凝土氯离子扩散系数试验及其概率分析[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(6):77-83.(PENG Jian-xin,WANG Hua,ZHANG Jian-ren,et al.Experimental study on chloride ion diffusion coefficient in concrete and probabilistic analysis of its influence on deterioration performance of RC structures[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2014,27(6):77-83.(in Chinese))
[16]北京交通大学.CECS207:2006,高性能混凝土应用技术规程[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.(Beijing Jiaotong Universty.CECS207:2006,Technical specification of high performance concrete[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[17]Dhir R K,Jones M R.Development of chloride-resisting concrete using fly ash[J].Fuel,1999,78(2):137-142.
[18]Dhir R K,Ei-mohr M A K,Dyer T D.Developing chloride resisting concrete using PFA[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1997,27(11):1633-1639.
[2]吴静新.混凝土内氯离子传输模型及其数值研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.(WU Jing-xin.Modeling and simulation of chloride ions translation in concrete[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012.(in Chinese))
[3]Xiuli D,Liu J,Guowei M.A meso-scale numerical method for the simulation of chloride diffusivity in concrete[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2014,85:87-100.
[4]张昊创.混凝土中多物理场耦合氯离子传输模型的数值模拟研究[D].深圳:深圳大学,2015.(ZHANG Hao-chuang.Numerical simulation of multiphysics coupling chloride transport model in concretes[D].Shenzhen:Shenzhen University,2015.(in Chinese))
[5]李冉,杨绿峰,陈正.混凝土中氯离子扩散的二维有限元法数值模拟[J].混凝土,2008(1):36-39.(LI Ran,YANG Lv-feng,CHEN Zheng.Two-dimensional finite element simulation for chloride diffusion in the concrete[J].Concrete,2008(1):36-39.(in Chinese))
[6]Bentz D P,Garboczi E J,Lu Y,et al.Modeling of the influence of transverse cracking on chloride penetration into the concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2013,38:65-74.
[7]Oh B H,Cha S W,Jang B S,et al.Development of high-performance concrete having high resistance to chloride penetration[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2002,212(1):221-231.
[8]Fuller W B,Thompson S E.The laws of proportioning concrete[J].Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers,1907,59:67-143.
[9]Walraven J C,Reinhardt H W.Theory and experiments on the mechanical behavior of cracks in plain and reinforced concrete subjected to shear loading[J].Heron,1981,26(1A):26-35.
[10]Collepardi M,Marcialis A,Txirriziani R.The kinetics of the penetration of chloride ions into the concrete[J].II Cemento,1970,67(4):157-164.
[11]滕海文,舒正昌,黄颖,等.多因素作用下钢筋混凝土构件氯离子扩散系数模型[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011,2(1):12-16.(TENG Hai-wen,SHU Zheng-chang,HUANG Ying,et al.Chloride ion diffusion coefficient model of RC elements under multiple factors[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural&Environmental Engineering,2011,2(1):12-16.(in Chinese))
[12]Mangat P S,Molloy B T.Prediction of long term chloride concentration in the concrete[J].Materials and Structures,1994,27(6):338-346.
[13]中国土木工程学会.CCES 01-2004,混凝土结构耐久性设计与施工指南[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.(China Civil Engineering Society.CCES 01-2004,Durability of concrete structures-guidelines for the establishment of juices and construction[M].Beijing:Ministry of Construction of Peoples Republic of China,2004.(in Chinese))
[14]Thomas M,Bentz E.Life 365:Computer program for predicting the service life and life-cyclc cost of reinforced concrete exposed to chloride[R].USA:ACI Committee 365,2000.
[15]彭建新,王华,张建仁,等.氯盐侵蚀下钢筋混凝土氯离子扩散系数试验及其概率分析[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(6):77-83.(PENG Jian-xin,WANG Hua,ZHANG Jian-ren,et al.Experimental study on chloride ion diffusion coefficient in concrete and probabilistic analysis of its influence on deterioration performance of RC structures[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2014,27(6):77-83.(in Chinese))
[16]北京交通大学.CECS207:2006,高性能混凝土应用技术规程[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.(Beijing Jiaotong Universty.CECS207:2006,Technical specification of high performance concrete[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[17]Dhir R K,Jones M R.Development of chloride-resisting concrete using fly ash[J].Fuel,1999,78(2):137-142.
[18]Dhir R K,Ei-mohr M A K,Dyer T D.Developing chloride resisting concrete using PFA[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1997,27(11):1633-1639.