适用于Boost三电平变换器的模型预测控制方法
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摘要
相比于传统的双闭环控制,模型预测控制(MPC)具有动态响应快、无需调节PI参数以及可以增加系统状态变量约束等优点,被广泛应用于DC-DC变换器的控制中。而在大多数的研究中,一般采用的是有限控制集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)方法,但这种控制方法无法提供固定的开关频率。因此,针对Boost三电平变换器,提出了一种基于连续控制集模型预测控制(CCS-MPC)的固定开关频率控制方法,其可同时实现输出电压控制以及平衡输出侧中点电位2个控制目标,并且在评价函数中无需调节不同控制目标的权重系数,简化了控制器参数设计难度。通过MATLAB/Simulink软件和dSPACE实时仿真系统进行仿真与实验,结果都证明了理论分析的正确性。
Compared with the traditional double closed-loops control,MPC(Model Predictive Control) is widely used in the control of DC-DC converters because of its advantages such as fast dynamic response,no PI parameters and additive system state variables constraints. However,FCS-MPC(Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control) method is generally used in most researches,which has no fixed switching frequency. Therefore,in view of Boost three-level converters,a fixed switching frequency control method based on CCS-MPC(Continuous Control Set-Model Predictive Control) is proposed,by which two control objectives including output voltage control and balance control of outputside neutral point potential can be achieved. At the same time,the proposed method ensures that there are no weighting factors in the cost function,which simplifies the controller parameter designing. Finally,the simulation and experiment are carried out by MATLAB/Simulink software and the dSPACE real-time simulation system. The results prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Compared with the traditional double closed-loops control,MPC(Model Predictive Control) is widely used in the control of DC-DC converters because of its advantages such as fast dynamic response,no PI parameters and additive system state variables constraints. However,FCS-MPC(Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control) method is generally used in most researches,which has no fixed switching frequency. Therefore,in view of Boost three-level converters,a fixed switching frequency control method based on CCS-MPC(Continuous Control Set-Model Predictive Control) is proposed,by which two control objectives including output voltage control and balance control of outputside neutral point potential can be achieved. At the same time,the proposed method ensures that there are no weighting factors in the cost function,which simplifies the controller parameter designing. Finally,the simulation and experiment are carried out by MATLAB/Simulink software and the dSPACE real-time simulation system. The results prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
引文
[1]严骏华,牟龙华,朱国锋.适用于光伏发电的多相并联Boost变换器相数调整电流的研究[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(10):71-77.YAN Junhua,MU Longhua,ZHU Guofeng. Research on phase shedding current of multiphase parallel Boost converter for PV system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(10):71-77.
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[7]谷鑫,夏长亮,陈炜.相差控制的Boost三电平变换器工作模式分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(27):36-44.GU Xin,XIA Changliang,CHEN Wei. Analysis on operating mode of Boost three-level converter with phase-delay control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(27):36-44.
[8]谢勇,成刚,方宇,等. TL-Boost光伏系统中两个关键技术的研究[J].电力电子技术,2016,50(1):87-90.XIE Yong,CHENG Gang,FANG Yu,et al. Research on two key technical problems in TL-Boost photovoltaic system[J]. Power Electronics,2016,50(1):87-90.
[9]徐国金.中压电池充放电设备的控制系统研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.XU Guojin. Research on medium-voltage battery charging and discharging equipment control system[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014.
[10]江晨.直流微网中DC/DC变换器并联技术研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.JIANG Chen. Research on control strategy of parallel DC/DC converters for DC micro-grid[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.
[11]QUEVEDO D E,AGUILERA R P,GEYER T. Predictive control in power electronics and drives:basic concepts,theory,and methods[M]∥Advanced and Intelligent Control in Power Electronics and Drives.[S.l.]:Springer International Publishing,2014:181-226.
[12]KIM S K,KIM J S,PARK C R,et al. Output-feedback model predictive controller for voltage regulation of a DC/DC converter[J].IET Control Theory Applications,2013,7(16):1959-1968.
[13]KARAMANAKOS P,PAPAFOTIOU G,MANIAS S. Model predictive control strategies for DC-DC Boost voltage conversion[C]∥Proceedings of the 2011-14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications. Birmingham,UK:IEEE,2011:1-9.
[14]RODR'IGUEZ J,KAZMIERKOWSKI M P,ESPINOZA J,et al. State of the art of finite control set model predictive control in power electronics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(2):1003-1016.
[15]梅杨,李晓晴,齐园园.三电平双向DC-DC变换器的模型预测控制方法[J].电气传动,2016,46(2):36-39.MEI Yang,LI Xiaoqing,QI Yuanyuan. Model predictive control me-thod for three-level bi-directional DC-DC converter[J]. Electric Drive,2016,46(2):36-39.
[16]ACUNA P,AGUILERA R P,GHIAS A M Y M,et al. Cascade-free model predictive control for single-phase grid-connected power converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(1):285-294.
[17]王美龄,王丽梅,孙永亮.一种基于模型预测控制的T型三电平逆变器中点电位平衡控制方法[J].电气工程学报,2015,10(9):66-72.WANG Meiling,WANG Limei,SUN Yongliang. A neutral-point voltage balancing control method based on model predictive control for Ttype three-level inverter[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering,2015,10(9):66-72.
[18]RODRIGUEZ H,ORTEGA R,ESCOBAR G. A robustly stable output feedback saturated controller for the Boost DC-to-DC converter[C]∥Proceedings of the 38th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Phoenix,AZ,USA:IEEE,1999:2100-2105.
[2]LEHMAN B,BASS R M. Switching frequency dependent averaged models for PWM DC-DC converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1996,11(1):89-98.
[3]李柯平,周继华,高丁丁. Boost三电平变换器在大功率UPS中的应用[J].电力电子技术,2006,40(6):115-117.LI Keping,ZHOU Jihua,GAO Dingding. Application of Boost three-level converters in UPS[J]. Power Electronics,2006,40(6):115-117.
[4]秦岭,冯志强,戴翔,等.基于开关-电容网络的三电平直流变换器简易构造法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):635-643.QIN Ling,FENG Zhiqiang,DAI Xiang,et al. A simple construction method for three-level DC converters based on switch-diodecapacitor networks[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):635-643.
[5]吴雯雯,姚刚,李武华,等.一种三电平Boost PFC电路的软开关研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(增刊1):222-227.WU Wenwen,YAO Gang,LI Wuhua,et al. Research on soft switching of three-level converter for PFC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(Supplement 1):222-227.
[6]阮新波,危健,薛雅丽.非隔离三电平变换器中分压电容均压的一种方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(10):27-31.RUAN Xinbo,WEI Jian,XUE Yali. A method to balance the voltage of the divided capacitor sin non-isolated three-level converters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(10):27-31.
[7]谷鑫,夏长亮,陈炜.相差控制的Boost三电平变换器工作模式分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(27):36-44.GU Xin,XIA Changliang,CHEN Wei. Analysis on operating mode of Boost three-level converter with phase-delay control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(27):36-44.
[8]谢勇,成刚,方宇,等. TL-Boost光伏系统中两个关键技术的研究[J].电力电子技术,2016,50(1):87-90.XIE Yong,CHENG Gang,FANG Yu,et al. Research on two key technical problems in TL-Boost photovoltaic system[J]. Power Electronics,2016,50(1):87-90.
[9]徐国金.中压电池充放电设备的控制系统研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.XU Guojin. Research on medium-voltage battery charging and discharging equipment control system[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014.
[10]江晨.直流微网中DC/DC变换器并联技术研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.JIANG Chen. Research on control strategy of parallel DC/DC converters for DC micro-grid[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.
[11]QUEVEDO D E,AGUILERA R P,GEYER T. Predictive control in power electronics and drives:basic concepts,theory,and methods[M]∥Advanced and Intelligent Control in Power Electronics and Drives.[S.l.]:Springer International Publishing,2014:181-226.
[12]KIM S K,KIM J S,PARK C R,et al. Output-feedback model predictive controller for voltage regulation of a DC/DC converter[J].IET Control Theory Applications,2013,7(16):1959-1968.
[13]KARAMANAKOS P,PAPAFOTIOU G,MANIAS S. Model predictive control strategies for DC-DC Boost voltage conversion[C]∥Proceedings of the 2011-14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications. Birmingham,UK:IEEE,2011:1-9.
[14]RODR'IGUEZ J,KAZMIERKOWSKI M P,ESPINOZA J,et al. State of the art of finite control set model predictive control in power electronics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(2):1003-1016.
[15]梅杨,李晓晴,齐园园.三电平双向DC-DC变换器的模型预测控制方法[J].电气传动,2016,46(2):36-39.MEI Yang,LI Xiaoqing,QI Yuanyuan. Model predictive control me-thod for three-level bi-directional DC-DC converter[J]. Electric Drive,2016,46(2):36-39.
[16]ACUNA P,AGUILERA R P,GHIAS A M Y M,et al. Cascade-free model predictive control for single-phase grid-connected power converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(1):285-294.
[17]王美龄,王丽梅,孙永亮.一种基于模型预测控制的T型三电平逆变器中点电位平衡控制方法[J].电气工程学报,2015,10(9):66-72.WANG Meiling,WANG Limei,SUN Yongliang. A neutral-point voltage balancing control method based on model predictive control for Ttype three-level inverter[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering,2015,10(9):66-72.
[18]RODRIGUEZ H,ORTEGA R,ESCOBAR G. A robustly stable output feedback saturated controller for the Boost DC-to-DC converter[C]∥Proceedings of the 38th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Phoenix,AZ,USA:IEEE,1999:2100-2105.